scholarly journals Is dyslexia real or simply a myth in education context?

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 09006
Author(s):  
Ulan Tlemissov ◽  
Gulnara Saparova ◽  
Ermek Abilmazhinov ◽  
Saltanat Karimova ◽  
Zhansaya Tlemissova
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Similar Extent ◽  
Satisfactory Answer ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Cover Up

This paper considers a hot debate ensues in attempt to find a satisfactory answer to the question, ‘Is dyslexia real or simply a myth? This especially comes after remarks from a prominent member in the modern society, the Labour Backbench MP, Mr. Graham Stringer, who asserted that dyslexia was a myth brought forth by education practitioners as cover up for their poor methods of teaching. To a similar extent, the attempt to equally provide a yielding definition for the term dyslexia has also been vain, according to different researchers, the strings of meaning and concepts attached to the term appear to fit their own descriptions and past experiences. The end result of most consequential arguments and debates leave the matter unresolved, this is despite the fact that dyslexia, a type of disorder to many, is a term that has remained quite relevant in most social contexts in recent times. This paper discusses the various arguments that are put forward by main opponents and proponents to the existence of dyslexia, and concludes that dyslexia is a myth, and it is simply a term used broadly to describe the difficulties or limited abilities in demonstrating literary skills, as identified in different people, especially leaners in education contexts

scholarly journals POSTSECULAR RELIGIOSITY AND ITS CONCEPTUAL VERSIONS: FROM "INVISIBLE RELIGION" TO "RELIGION WITHOUT ESSENCE"

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10(74)) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
V. Mashchytska
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Traditional Religion ◽  
Individual Interest ◽  
Secular World ◽  
Secular Society ◽  
Secular Religion ◽  
Cover Up ◽  
Conceptual Version

The article is devoted to the theoretical reconstruction of the of the conceptual version of postsecular religiosity. All the theories clame that the traditional religion can survive today through cover-up it’s religious identity. This is accompanied by the marginalization of religious organizations and an increase in the influence of religion at the level of individual interest. Theological analysis is limited mainly by negative characteristics when describing post-secular religiosity: the devaluation of transcendence and the rejection of dualism (Daniel HervierLeger), the absence of doctrinal boundaries (Thomas Luckmann), the weakening of the ideological core of the doctrine (Roberto Cipriani). The author argues that post-secular religion is an implicit ideology in terms of the way it functions. In the late XX - early XXI century, a number of researchers (U. Eco, S. Zizek, G. Marcuse and others) noted that the imaginary post-ideology of modern society is associated with the formation of a specific type of ideology, which can be designated as "implicit". The post-Christian secular world is also "implicitly" religious. The author reveals the commonality of the processes taking place in the field of religion with the characteristics of the "post-ideological" world and concludes that the religiosity of the post-secular society is most productive to study precisely as part of an implicit ideology.

The Social Context

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasana T. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social

The seventh chapter argues for the importance of the social context in continuing to influence whether social cognition is engaged or not, and describes a version of the delayed sudden death virus outbreak thought experiment without the death and virus components, set in modern society. This chapter then reviews classical social psychological studies that illustrate the power of the social context in shaping social cognition and resulting behaviour. It describes different types of social contexts, and explores the role of consistency motives in guiding human behaviour. Finally, it makes an appeal for a spectrum metaphor for social behavior, rather than alternative metaphors that categorise the phenomenon too narrowly.

scholarly journals Struggle for the Right to Cover Up for Family Members: The Significance and Value of the Confucian Thought “Cover Up for Family Members” in Modern Society

Asian Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Wei-Chieh TSENG
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Family Relation ◽  
Identity Recognition ◽  
The Family ◽  
Confucian Thought ◽  
Recognition Theory ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cover Up ◽  
Core Part

The argument for covering up for family members who had committed offenses was a core part of Confucian thinking, and a topic that has long been controversial. This idea tended to be deemed by traditional Legalist scholars and contemporary law-centered scholars as an outdated approach that compromised legal fairness, and thus should not be accepted by contemporary society. However, it is understood through Honneth’s recognition theory that the “law” is in fact merely a principle of recognizing a person’s identity as a member of civil society, and we cannot ignore that man also has an identity of the “family” relation that is connected to “love”. The identity recognition based on the principle of “love” is an intrinsic need of humans, and also an essential link in the establishment of an integrated personality. The desire to cover up for a family member is nothing other than an attempt to rebuild an ethics-centered identity recognition, so as to avoid the materialization of humans by “laws”.

scholarly journals POST-SOVIET RUSSIA: RISKS OF “THE EPOCH OF NOSTALGIA

PRIMO ASPECTU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Nadezhda BAGDASARYAN ◽  
Marina KOROL
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Historical Past

The article considers the state of socio cultural reality of post-Soviet Russia, which carried out transit from socialism to capitalism. Transformation of Russia into a new capitalist country of the post-communist bloc during the reforms of the1990s was associated with privatization, as a result of which there was a rapid stratification of society, income polarization, wrongfully impoverishment of the population and with massive downward mobility. Over the past quarter-century, a new stratification model has emerged. This model cannot be considered as a stable connection of social life subjects not only by age characteristics, experience of socialization, attitude to property, but also because this structure is due to the entire socio cultural state of the post-Soviet space. In society, the mood of idealization of the Soviet past is growing to find protective mechanisms against the uncertain future. The critical optics of the "epoch of nostalgia" concept, which is dedicated to the posthumously published work of the outstanding British sociologist Z. Bauman "Retropia," permits to light up the risks and threats of the mood of the idealization of the past. The past must be seen not as a frozen ideological construct, but as a continuum that can help to understand the origins of the social contexts of the present and the prospects of the future. Memory culture is also the policy of a state that works subtly with its historical past in the information field of mass consciousness: gross manipulation of it in modern society can produce unpredictable results.

The Oxford Handbook Sport and Spectacle in the Ancient World

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Political Boundaries ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Cultural Tensions ◽  
The Individual

This work presents current approaches and new avenues of enquiry into ancient sport and spectacle. It discusses historical perspectives, contest forms, contest-related texts, civic and social aspects, and use and meaning of the individual body. Greek and Roman topics are interwoven under each heading to simulate contest-like tensions and complementarities, juxtaposing, for example, violence in Greek athletics and in Roman gladiatorial events, Greek and Roman chariot events, architectural frameworks for contests and games in the two cultures, and contrasting views of religion, bodily regimens, and judicial classification related to both cultures. It examines the social contexts of games, namely the evolution of sport and spectacle diachronically and geographically across cultural and political boundaries, and how games are adapted to multiple contexts and multiple purposes, reinforcing, for example, social hierarchies, performing shared values, and playing out deep cultural tensions. The work also pays some attention to other directing forces in the ancient Mediterranean (e.g. Bronze Age Egypt and the Near East; Etruria; and early Christianity). The volume addresses important themes common to antiquity and modern society, such as issues of class, gender, health, and the popular culture of the modern Olympics, and gladiators in cinema. It presents contests and spectacles as venues of connection and as opportunities for the negotiation of status and the exchange of value, broadly for example how early panhellenic sanctuaries responded to economic stakeholders, and how groups and individuals in the later Roman empire forged social and political links through the circus events.

Integration Approaches of Digital Media in the Teaching/Learning Process

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zanda Rubene
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Teaching Learning

During the last two decades, a generation for which the life in the media environment and the use of media in everyday life has become a norm in Europe and beyond its boundaries. The representatives of this generation are engaged with technologies both at home for their entertainment and use them for learning at school and university. In addition, they would like to experience the integration of technologies in education more frequently and more extensively. The researchers in the field of social sciences have concluded that in general the social contexts in which any individual, including the school student, acquires experience and is learning in modern society have changed radically. Researchers encourage teachers to improve their skills of integrating digital technologies in education that would help students develop their information analysis and evaluation skills in the learning process, which in turn, would decrease the scope of the possible risks caused by digitalization.

Writing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle S. McNamara ◽  
Laura K. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Writing ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Academic Excellence ◽  
Writing Processes ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Writing Feedback ◽  
Search For Information

Writing is a crucial means of communicating with others and thus vital to success and survival in modern society. Writing processes rely on virtually all aspects of cognition (e.g., working memory, motivation, affect, self-regulation, prior knowledge, problem solving) and are naturally embedded in social contexts. Social factors include writers’ objectives, audience, genre, and mode of writing. For example, the increased use of the Internet has rendered writing for informal purposes more frequent, and writing mechanics (e.g., deleting, spell checking) and search for information more efficient. Research on educational interventions to improve writing points to the importance of providing students with instruction and practice using writing strategies, writing practice with feedback (e.g., instructor, automated), and collaborative writing (including peer feedback). Given the inherent complexity of writing, it is important to help students learn how to write across various situations with varying purposes and demands. This necessitates reading many types of text genres (e.g., narrative vs. informational writing), writing frequently, and revising based on feedback. Since the turn of the century, there has been a substantial increase in research on writing processes, including methods to improve writing. However, there remains a substantial need for additional experimental work to understand writing processes as well as more evidence on which types of interventions are most beneficial in helping students to improve their writing. Feedback from both cognitive and sociocultural researchers should inform future revisions of the standardized guidelines and assessments with the long-term goal of developing a clearly defined set of standards for academic excellence in writing.

Couples as socially distributed cognitive systems: Remembering in everyday social and material contexts

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia B Harris ◽  
Amanda J Barnier ◽  
John Sutton ◽  
Paul G Keil
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Cognitive Systems ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Past Experiences

In everyday life remembering occurs within social contexts, and theories from a number of disciplines predict cognitive and social benefits of shared remembering. Recent debates have revolved around the possibility that cognition can be distributed across individuals and material resources, as well as across groups of individuals. We review evidence from a maturing program of empirical research in which we adopted the lens of distributed cognition to gain new insights into the ways that remembering might be shared in groups. Across four studies, we examined shared remembering in intimate couples. We studied their collaboration on more simple memory tasks as well as their conversations about shared past experiences. We also asked them about their everyday memory compensation strategies in order to investigate the complex ways that couples may coordinate their material and interpersonal resources. We discuss our research in terms of the costs and benefits of shared remembering, features of the group and features of the remembering task that influence the outcomes of shared remembering, the cognitive and interpersonal functions of shared remembering, and the interaction between social and material resources. More broadly, this interdisciplinary research program suggests the potential for empirical psychology research to contribute to ongoing interdisciplinary discussions of distributed cognition.

scholarly journals Patterns of everyday activities across social contexts

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (24) ◽  
pp. 6183-6188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Vagni ◽  
Benjamin Cornwell
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Unpaid Work ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Time Diaries

Social-scientific theory and research give rise to conflicting expectations regarding the extent to which individuals’ everyday lives in modern society follow predictable patterns of behavior. Much previous research has addressed this issue implicitly by documenting widespread trends in patterns of “time use” or “time allocation,” including trends in time devoted to paid work, unpaid work, and leisure. This study expands on this research by examining common patterns with respect to not how much time individuals spend on certain everyday activities (e.g., leisure), but rather how those activities are sequenced throughout the day. Using sequence methods and cluster analysis, we analyze a large collection of harmonized time diaries from the Multinational Time Use Study (MTUS), including diaries from 23 countries and dating back to 1961. Our analysis of these diaries reveals eight common everyday sequence patterns—including different paid work, unpaid work, and leisure clusters. This same set of patterns reappears in a generally similar distribution across the different countries and time periods that are included in the MTUS sequence data. This study has implications for how analysts study time diary data and raises important questions about the causes and consequences of individuals’ experiences with particular behavioral sequences.

A (Macro) Sociology of Fear?

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Tudor
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Sociology Of Emotions ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
Culture Of Fear ◽  
Late Modern

A proper sociological approach to fear is of both empirical and theoretical significance in understanding late modern society. Normally fear has been explored psychologically, as one of the emotions, but recently a sociology of emotions has begun to emerge. Furthermore, there have also been attempts to examine fear macro-scopically, arguing for the existence of a distinctive ‘culture of fear’ in contemporary societies. Furedi's argument to this effect is explored here, suggesting the need for a more systematic theorising of fear in its social contexts. Via an analysis of the elementary characteristics of fear, a model is constructed of the ‘parameters of fear’. This model serves as a guide to the classes of phenomena within which fear is constituted and negotiated. It is also used to further examine the virtues and failings of ‘culture of fear’ approaches to fearfulness in modern societies.

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