scholarly journals Problems of Developing Municipalities’ Financial Balances on the Example of the “General Government” Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 05011
Author(s):  
Alexey Pasynkov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
General Government ◽  
State Budgets ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The City ◽  
Municipal Level

The article deals with the problems of developing financial balances at the municipal level, based on the principles of constructing the System of National Accounts. The problems of methodological nature and information content of financial balances are described, possible ways of their solution are proposed. The author’s methodology for determining the share of the “General Government” sector in the economy of municipalities has been developed. In the absence of data on value-added areas, proposed to use wage data by types of economic activity. On this basis, we calculated the contribution of local and state budgets in the expenditures of the “General Government” sector in the municipalities of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra. On average, financing of wages in this sector is provided by federal and regional authorities at 60.86% in the region. The smallest value among municipalities is in the city of Pokachi (9.88%), the greatest dependence on the financing of the region and the federation is in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk (85.5%), Surgut (over 65%) and Yugorsk (slightly less than 64%).

scholarly journals REGIONAL GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF GEORGIA. METHODOLOGICAL CHANGES

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11(51)) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Inga Benashvili ◽  
Mamuka Benashvili
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
New Classification ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
National Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Constant Prices

The paper is devoted to the methodological changes in the calculation of regional Gross Domestic Product (GDP), mainly due to the introduction of the 2008 version of the System of National Accounts in Georgia. Other changes are related to the transition to a new classification system of economic activity (NACE rev2). Because of this, the regional structure of GDP has changed significantly.Regional GDP on a per capita basis, in 2018 Tbilisi ranks first (6122,5 USD). Then it will be followed by Adjara (5514.3 USD). Their rate is significantly higher than the national rate (4722.0 USD).The priority directions for calculating regional GDP in Georgia are as follows: •Receiving data directly from local units (local KAUs) by improving information sources;•More detailing of regionalization. In particular, at the municipal level; •Calculate regional GDP at constant prices.

scholarly journals El Salvador

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Data Series ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
San Salvador ◽  
Reserve Bank ◽  
The City

A Technical Assistance (TA) Mission from the Regional Technical Assistance Center for Central America, Panama, and the Dominican Republic, visited the city of San Salvador, El Salvador, on August 13–24, 2018, to provide TA to the Central Reserve Bank of El Salvador (BCRES) on compiling annual accounts by institutional sectors (AAIS) from 2014 onwards, as part of the data series from the base year of 2005. In March 2018, the BCRES published a dataset of quarterly and annual national accounts series by economic activity; a monthly volume indicator; backcasted series from 1990–2014; and Supply and Use Tables (SUT) from 2005 and 2014, with a base year of 2005. As part of the dataset to be prepared and disseminated in the new 2005 base year, the authorities requested TA to compile annual accounts focusing on institutional sectors starting in 2014.

scholarly journals From governmental accounting to national accounting: implications on the Portuguese central government deficit

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Antónia Jorge de Jesus ◽  
Susana Margarida Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Governmental Accounting ◽  
National Accounting ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
General Government ◽  
Government Deficit ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Based on the relevant differences between Governmental Accounting (GA/microeconomic perspective) and National Accounting (NA/macroeconomic perspective) this paper examines the main adjustments made in Portugal to the General Government Sector data required to convert Governmental Accounts into National Accounts. It also assesses the impact of those adjustments on the Central Government deficit, the largest share in the Portuguese public deficit.Following mostly a qualitative research methodology, the empirical study is based on interviews to officials preparing NA and on several documental sources. The purpose is to validate the major data adjustments from GA into NA regarding Central Government, while, in addition, assessing their impact using data from April 2008 Excessive Deficit Procedure notification, covering the 2004-2007 period. The main findings indicate that differences concerning the accounting basis are the most relevant and that the subsequent adjustments have a considerable impact on the Portuguese Central Government deficit. This research points therefore to the need for more convergence between GA and NA, namely with respect to the transactions recognition criteria in order to use a common accounting basis, and for a complete and coherent reporting information system in GA.

Manufacturing growth in India in recent years

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishwanath Goldar
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Manufacturing Growth

Purpose Since the announcement of the new series of national accounts for India (with base 2011-12) in January 2015, there has been endless controversy over the new gross domestic product (GDP) growth numbers, particularly in respect of growth of Indian manufacturing. The purpose of this paper is to highlight certain policy issues concerning India’s system of national accounts, in the context of the methodological changes made in the new national accounts series, and to check the validity of the view held by some critics that the new series has significantly overstated the growth rate in real gross value added in manufacturing in recent years. Design/methodology/approach The paper presents a brief, selective review of the literature that has emerged on the new series of national accounts. A close look is taken at the available data on real gross value added growth in Indian manufacturing in conjunction with data on growth in India’s exports and in outstanding non-food commercial bank credit. Analysis of these data is undertaken with the help of a table and some graphs. Findings The paper finds that there is not enough basis to believe and argue that the GDP estimates in the new series of national accounts significantly overstate the true manufacturing sector growth in India. Originality/value Rates of manufacturing output growth in recent years indicated by the new series of national accounts for India are subjected to careful scrutiny by contrasting yearly growth rates in manufacturing output with those in India’s non-oil exports and in outstanding non-food commercial bank credit.

Tackling virtual production

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Josef Falkinger ◽  
Elisa Huber ◽  
Johannes Chalupa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
Virtual Production ◽  
Economic Reality

This paper is an attempt to contribute to the discussion on multinational enterprises shifting certain economic activities to special purpose entities abroad for reasons of tax optimisation. The authors argue that a transfer of production to a special purpose entity abroad permitted by tax law is not necessarily a transfer of production in an economic sense. Special purpose vehicles can be involved in production processes from a legal point of view without producing any goods or services in reality – a phenomenon the authors call ‘virtual production’. Thus, simply mirroring the legal transactions in national accounts may result in a distorted representation of economic reality. Unfortunately, the System of National Accounts in its current version as well as other existing guidelines lack clear guidance in order to distinguish virtual from real economic activity in the context of special purpose vehicles. This paper offers a proposal for improvement of existing definitions and concepts.

scholarly journals Cross-subsidizing in power industry: approaches to development of stage-by-stage decrease in volumes

2017 ◽  
pp. 24-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. TRACHUK ◽  
N. V. LINDER
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
One Stage

The paper is devoted to economic effects of decrease in volumes of cross subsidizing for participants of the market of electric energy are considered, and also methodological approaches to modeling of a stage-by-stage decrease of volumes of cross subsidizing in economy are developed. The methodology of the system of national accounts (SNA) – symmetric tables “expenses – release” and intersectoral balance “a product – a product” calculated on release of the final product of 22 industries – was used to model the influence of economic and social effects due to cross subsidies elimination. The comparative analysis of one-stage and gradual options to cross subsidies elimination was carried out. One-stage elimination of cross subsidizing showed more the worst results on economic indicators of participants of a power market, than at its stage-by-stage decrease.Modeling of stage-by-stage decrease in cross subsidizing is aimed at determination of the greatest possible growth rate of tariffs for the electric power for the population. The indicator of the minimum value of economic damage to branches of the economy, calculated as a difference of a balanced gain (departure) of a gross value added in the range of a threshold interval of increase in expenses of house farms on the purchased electric power in the general structure of expenses is used as criterion of an optimality of growth rate of tariffs for the electric power. The macroeconomic model of formation, use and reproduction of a branch value added is used for creation of model. The analysis of impact of change of tariffs for the electric power for the population is carried out with a step to 1% to the level providing full reduction of cross subsidizing. Optimum speed of a gain of tariffs for regions with the maximum rate of a tariff for the electric power (Moscow region) and the minimum rate (Orenburg region) is calculated. 

The Government in SNA-Compliant DSGE Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo F. de-Córdoba ◽  
Benedetto Molinari ◽  
José L. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Public Investment ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Dsge Models ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Consumption Tax ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Social Contributions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Distortionary Taxes

Abstract The government size in developed economies expanded remarkably after the Second World War. This growth shaped the role of the government as a key player in the economic activity and the aggregate dynamics of a country. However, the way in which the government is represented in DSGE models is often reductive, containing homogeneous public spending and a few distortionary taxes without clear counterparts in fiscal data. This paper shows how dynamic general equilibrium models can incorporate a detailed government sector as defined in the System of National Accounts (SNA). This government features six types of public expenditures (i.e. the government’s intermediate consumption, public wage bill, debt service, public investment, and transfers to households both in-kind and other-than-in-kind), and five distortionary taxes (i.e. consumption tax, capital and labor income taxes, corporate tax and social contributions).

Inventory Management in Russian Economy: Crisis and Post-crisis Adjustment

2013 ◽  
pp. 50-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zamaraev ◽  
A. Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The article considers the stock changes and their relationship to changes in economic activity. Comprehensive statistical analysis covers accounting data, which are compiled on a quarterly basis, in relation with annual data of the system of national accounts. Methodological approaches to using composite leading indexes of economic activity to forecast future changes in inventories and explain turning points in their trend are examined. The article analyzes changes in inventory for 2005—2011 (in general and for different types of inventory) in the context of such approaches. It also presents international comparisons of inventory levels.

Integrating forest resources into the system of national accounts in Maharashtra, India

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. HARIPRIYA
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Forest Resource ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
Resource Accounting

The objective of the study is to construct forest resource accounts for the state of Maharashtra in India and incorporate the value of depletion and degradation of forest resources into the system of national accounts (SNA). The net state domestic product (NSDP) is adjusted for the depletion of the forest resources to obtain Environmentally adjusted net state domestic product (ESDP). The results show that the value added by forests is 3.56 per cent of NSDP and the value of depletion is 19.8 per cent of the estimated value added. The ESDP of Maharashtra is found to be 99.3 per cent of the estimated NSDP. The study has demonstrated that, although the existing database needs further improvement, forest resource accounting is feasible for the state of Maharashtra in India and can serve as an indicator of economy's performance.

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