scholarly journals Application of GIS on Research of Horizontal Refraction in Polygonometry on Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Abdusali Suyunov ◽  
Shukhrat Suyunov ◽  
Olim Urokov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Horizontal Angle ◽  
Special Places ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Horizontal Refraction ◽  
Application Of Gis

The article examines the influence of refraction on the results of measuring the horizontal angle in special places. In the conditions of the hot and arid climate of Uzbekistan in the polygonometric network of river banks, according to the results of field experiments, the new version of the developed methodology of the GIS makes it possible to increase the accuracy of measuring horizontal angles and lengths of lines. Significant temperature changes along the water and the coast, on rocks, in the upper layers of sand-concrete pavements are also explained by the properties of the heat and radiation balance.

Solar irradiance, air pollution and temperature changes in the Arctic

1995 ◽  
Vol 352 (1699) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Global Irradiance ◽  
Arctic Haze

A highly significant decrease in the annual sums of global irradiance reaching the surface of the Arctic, averaging 0.36 W m -2 per year, was derived from an analysis of 389 complete years of measurement, beginning in 1950, at 22 pyranometer stations within the Arctic Circle. The smaller data base of radiation balance measurements available showed a much smaller and statistically non-significant change. Reductions in global irradiance were most frequent in the early spring months and in the western sectors of the Arctic, coinciding with the seasonal and spatial distribution of the incursions of polluted air which give rise to the Arctic Haze. Irradiance measured in Antarctica during the same period showed a similar and more widespread decline despite the lower concentrations of pollutants. A marked increase in the surface radiation balance was recorded. Possible reasons for these interpolar anomalies and their consequences for temperature change are discussed.

Comparison and characterization of the field Atomic Quantum Gravimeter (AQG#B01)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Champollion ◽  
Anne-Karin Cooke ◽  
Nicolas Le Moigne
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Superconducting Gravimeter ◽  
Slow Slip Events ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Field Sensor ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
C 30

<p>The recent advancements in gravity quantum sensors promise maintenance-free, easy to use, continuous and accurate monitoring devices. This technological breakthrough in gravity instrumentation offers new possibilities for both laboratory and field experiments in different geosciences applications. These new gravity quantum sensors allow e.g. for the monitoring of transient processes in volcanology, plate tectonics (slow slip events) or hydro-geology (pumping tests).</p><p>The first commercial field quantum gravimeters are nowadays available (AQGB, Muquans TM). The AQG#B01 is actually under validation. It is tested and compared with a superconducting gravimeter (GWR iGrav#002 and an absolute ballistic gravimeter (MG-L FG5#228) in the French Larzac Observatory () during more than 1 month. A first small (50 nm/s²) transient gravity variation caused by hydro-geological charge has been recorded by both the quantum and superconducting gravimeter.</p><p>Additionally its sensitivity to environmental noise is characterized by its Allan variance. Absolute ballistic comparison during one month allows to estimate a maximum potential drift. Sensitivity tests on instrument tilts and orientation have been done. In order to evaluate the AQG-B as a field sensor, sensitivity to external temperature changes have been tested in the range 10°C-30°C. All the tests allow a clear characterization of the AQG-B for future field experimentation.</p><p>AQG#B01 development has been funded is the frame of the grant “investissement d’avenir” EquipEx RESIF-CORE.</p>

Cl- regulates cryoglobulin structure: a new hypothesis for the physiopathological mechanism of temperature non-dependent cryoprecipitation

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Di Stasio ◽  
Patrizia Bizzarri ◽  
Milvia Casato ◽  
Antonio Galtieri ◽  
Massimo Fiorilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Pathogenetic Mechanism ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Neoplastic Disorders ◽  
New Hypothesis

AbstractCryoglobulins are pathological cold-precipitable immunoglobulins associated with a number of infectious, autoimmune and neoplastic disorders. Patients, when exposed to low temperatures, show symptoms related to intravascular precipitation of such immunoglobulins. The formation of cryoaggregates induced by exposure to cold temperature is the key pathogenetic mechanism. The subsequent intravascular precipitation can account for some clinical signs of peripheral vasculitis, but fails to explain the precipitation of cryoglobulins in regions where no significant temperature changes take place. We studied, in vitro, the activity of different ions on temperature-dependent aggregation of cryoglobulins and found that the concentration of Cl

scholarly journals Infrared Thermal Imaging for Evaluation of Clubfoot After the Ponseti Casting Method—An Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balasankar Ganesan ◽  
Joanne Yip ◽  
Ameersing Luximon ◽  
Paul J. Gibbons ◽  
Alison Chivers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Thermal Images ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Casting Pressure

Background: Conservative treatment, Ponseti method, has been considered as a standard method to correct the clubfoot deformity among Orthopedic society. Although the result of conservative methods have been reported with higher success rates than surgical methods, many more problems have been reported due to improper casting, casting pressure or bracing discomfort. Nowadays, infrared thermography (IRT) is widely used as a diagnostic tool to assess musculoskeletal disorders or injuries by detecting temperature abnormalities. Similarly, the foot skin temperature evaluation can be added along with the current subjective evaluation to predict if there is any casting pressure, excessive manipulation, or overcorrections of the foot, and other bracing pressure-related complications.Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to explore the foot skin temperature changes before and after using of manipulation and weekly castings.Methods: This is an explorative study design. Infrared Thermography (IRT), E33 FLIR thermal imaging camera model, was used to collect the thermal images of the clubfoot before and after casting intervention. A total of 120 thermal images (Medial region of the foot–24, Lateral side of the foot–24, Dorsal side of the foot−24, Plantar side of the foot−24, and Heel area of the foot–24) were collected from the selected regions of the clubfoot.Results: The results of univariate statistical analysis showed that significant temperature changes in some regions of the foot after casting, especially, at the 2nd (M = 32.05°C, SD = 0.77, p = 0.05), 3rd (M = 31.61, SD = 1.11; 95% CI: 31.27–31.96; p = 0.00), and 6th week of evaluation on the lateral side of the foot (M = 31.15°C, SD = 1.59; 95% CI: 30.75–31.54, p = 0.000). There was no significant temperature changes throughout the weekly casting in the medial side of the foot. In the heel side of the foot, significant temperature changes were noticed after the third and fourth weeks of casting.Conclusion: This study found that a decreased foot skin temperature on the dorsal and lateral side of the foot at the 6th week of thermography evaluation. The finding of this study suggest that the infrared thermography (IRT) might be useful as an adjunct assessment tool to evaluate the thermophysiological changes, which can be used to predict the complications caused by improper casting, over manipulative or stretching and casting-pressure related complications.

STANDARD TEMPERATURE MONITORING FAILS TO RECOGNIZE SIGNIFICANT TEMPERATURE CHANGES: A STUDY OF 332 TRAUMA PATIENTS.

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. A60
Author(s):  
Lemuel R Waitman ◽  
Patrick R Norris ◽  
Asli Ozdas ◽  
William P Riordan ◽  
Judith M Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Monitoring ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Standard Temperature ◽  
Significant Temperature

Effects of Cryotherapy on Temperature Change in Caudal Thigh Muscles of Dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krysta Janas ◽  
Darryl Millis ◽  
David Levine ◽  
Melissa Keck
Keyword(s):  
Skin Surface ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Thigh Muscles ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Muscle Cooling ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Cold Pack ◽  
Pack Treatment

Abstract Objective The aim of the study reported here was to determine the effect of cryotherapy on the caudal thigh muscles of dogs. We hypothesized that temperature changes would be greatest in superficial tissues and decrease with tissue depth. Study Design Eight mixed-breed dogs (mean weight 21.2 kg, mean age 3.3 years) were studied. Temperature was measured at the skin surface and at depths of 1.0 and 3.0 cm below the skin using needle thermistor probes that were inserted beneath the site of cold pack application. Treatment consisted of a standard 1.0°C cold pack applied for 20 minutes. Temperature was recorded every minute for the 20 minute cold pack treatment, and for 80 minutes following treatment. Results Cutaneous temperatures significantly decreased (p < 0.01), with rapid rewarming of the skin following cold pack removal. Tissue cooling was less profound with increasing tissue depths, but was still significant (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in muscle temperature between haired and clipped limbs. Conclusion A single application of a cold pack to the caudal thigh muscles of dogs for 20 minutes resulted in significant temperature reduction at all tissue depths (p < 0.05). This decrease persisted for ∼60 minutes. The presence of hair did not have a significant effect on muscle cooling (p > 0.05).

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CORROSION DAMAGE ON INNER LAYERS OF FLEXIBLE HYDRAULIC CONNECTION DURING OPERATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Valeriy Ivanovich Kolodyazhnyy ◽  
Valentina Makarovna Oreshkina ◽  
Lyudmila Sanduovna Baeva ◽  
Zhanna Victorovna Kumova ◽  
Artem Leonidovich Petrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Hydraulic Connection ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Rubber Layer ◽  
Brittle Damage ◽  
Significant Temperature

Operation of mechanisms and equipment under significant temperature changes can cause brittle destruction not only of metal structures. In the process of research of high pressure hose of camber mechanism there was revealed violation of the tightness of the outer rubber layer, which led to further penetration of acid-alkaline environment (moist sea air) into the formed voids in winding layers. In the damaged segments the torn filament ends of metal coiling of flexible hydraulic connection seem typical of brittle damage. Further study of macro-and microstructure of the material of metal filaments of the wire and detailed analysis of the near-surface layer revealed violation of the technology of protective coating of the filaments. The low quality of brass coating of the metal coiling of DN20 wire of the hydraulic connection resulted in the rapid corrosion attack. The presence of structural defects in the near-surface layer led to the formation of discontinuities of brass coating, to a decrease of adhesion characteristics of the metal coiling. Iron oxide being a product of corrosion of metal filament coiling in the formed voids between the layers slashed under bending effected by friction contact and alternating loads. The research results can be used for developing effective anti-corrosion methods for flexible hydraulic connections.

scholarly journals Thermal Resistance of Airfield Concrete Pavements and Consequences for the Maintenance Thereof

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-346
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Linek ◽  
Patrycja Piotrowska-Nowak ◽  
Piotr Nita
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Destruction Process ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Concrete Layer ◽  
Concrete Damage ◽  
Pavement Structure

Abstract The project presents the approximate method to specify temperature changes which may cause and intensify the pavement slabs destruction. Criteria of thermal concrete resistance in case of pavement structure were specified. Defining the acoustics performance, the degree of changes occurred in surface layer and changes in basic mechanical parameters as criteria of pavement thermal condition were suggested. The process of cement concrete damage in case of pavement structure, as a result of combined temperature changes and vehicle traffic was also discussed. Criteria of fragile damage of concrete slab and allowable stress of concrete layer in case of pavement structure were described. Types of heat flow within the pavement were discussed and associated with the occurred damages. The destruction process of concrete pavements under the influence of temperature was presented. The publication contains the proposal of reducing the effects of the aforementioned factors on the range of the occurred stress. The analysis does not include the complex issue of thermal stress within concrete pavement, caused by hot exhaust gas stream.

scholarly journals Inquiry Into the Temperature Changes of Rock Massif Used in Energy Production in Relation to Season

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7027
Author(s):  
Martin Klempa ◽  
Jan Latal ◽  
Barbora Grafova ◽  
Michal Matloch Porzer ◽  
Mojmir Vrtek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Heating Season ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Research Facilities

This research was undertaken to perform and evaluate the temperature measurement in the ground utilized as an energy source with the goal to determine whether significant temperature variations occur in the subsurface during the heating season. The research infrastructure situated on our University campus was used to assess any variations. The observations were made at the so called “Small Research Polygon” that consists of 8 monitoring boreholes (Borehole Heat Exchangers) situated around a borehole used as an energy source. During the heating season, a series of monthly measurements are made in the monitoring boreholes using a distributed temperature system (DTS). Raman back-scattered light is analysed using Optical Frequency Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR). Our results indicate that no noticeable changes in temperature occur during the heating season. We have observed an influence of long-term variations of the atmospheric conditions up to the depth of a conventional BHE (≈100 m). The resulting uncertainty in related design input parameters (ground thermal conductivity) was evaluated by using a heat production simulation. Production data during one heating season at our research facilities were evaluated against the design of the system. It is possible to construct smaller geothermal installations with appropriate BHE design that will have a minimal impact on the temperature of the surrounding rock mass and the system performance.

scholarly journals MODELLING THE EFFECT OF A THERMOELECTRIC DEVICE ON THE FOOT UNDER AMBULATORY CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
M. A. Khazamova ◽  
D. A. Magomedov ◽  
D. N. Kobzarenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Thermal Contact ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Thermoelectric Device ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Human Foot ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Thermal Influence ◽  
Changes Over Time

 Objectives This work was devoted to the research of thermal processes that occur in the reflex areas of the human body, in particular, in reflexogenic areas of the human foot, under the thermal influence under ambulatory conditions.Method A model of thermal impact on the reflex areas of the human body was developed on the basis of a semiconductor thermoelectric device. A simplified physical model was studied, which does not consider heat exchange in thermoelectric batteries (TEBs) and elements of TEBs pairing with separate reflex zones.Results Diagrams for temperature distribution throughout the foot at different values of heat flow and diagrams of temperature changes over time were obtained. The thermal influence of a TEB brought in thermal contact with the opposite surface of the foot is negligible in this case; this is due to the low thermal conductivity of foot tissues, as well as insignificant thermal flows on its surface (low-power TEBs were used for such procedures).Conclusion The developed model of a semiconductor thermoelectric device for treating the reflex areas of the human body – in particular, the foot – allows an investigation of thermal processes occurring during the thermal treatment of biologically active points of the human sole. It is established that local temperature impact on a biological object does not result in significant temperature difference over its thickness.

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