scholarly journals Specific cost modelling for secondary treatment of wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 04065
Author(s):  
Nikolay Makisha
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Cost Modelling ◽  
Cost Item ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Secondary Settling ◽  
Technological Treatment ◽  
Technological Modeling

The article is devoted to the study of model cost indicators of wastewater treatment facilities as one of the factors for ensuring sustainable development. It is noted that the greatest contribution in terms of cost formation is provided by the stage of biological wastewater treatment. As part of the study, a techno-economic simulation was conducted to compare two technological treatment schemes: conventional activated sludge scheme in aeration reactor and secondary settling tank, and treatment by means of membrane bioreactors. In the course of technological modeling, the concentrations of pollutants after treatment were obtained and compared for each of the schemes, as well as the values of possible harm to water bodies were calculated. Within the framework of cost modeling, capital and operating costs were obtained for the two variants, and key differences in their formation were analyzed. It is noted that the classical cleaning scheme requires the construction of a larger volume of structures, while for schemes with a membrane bioreactor, a significant cost item is the purchase of the actual membrane modules, but as the system performance increases, the share of these costs decreases.

Development of Multi-Stage Reversing-Flow Bioreactor (MRB) for Wastewater Treatment

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takahashi ◽  
S. Kyosai
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Biological Interaction ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Multi Stage

The Multi-stage Reversing-flow Bioreactor (MRB) which utilizes new biological interaction for organic substrate removal in wastewater has been developed. MRB has several stages, one stage consists of a downflow aeration vessel (AV) and an upflow biological reaction vessel (BV). Successful accumulation of self granulated sludge (SGS) can be achieved in BV. The biological interaction between sulfate reducing bacteria and sulfide oxidizing bacteria (Beggiatoa) is considered to contribute to SGS formation. The SGS is 2-10 mm in diameter and can be maintained in BV with upflow space velocity of 144 ro/day. Pilot plant study was conducted to demonstrate the performance of the MRB. The influent was municipal primary effluent. The total hydraulic retention time was 4.5 hours including the final solid-liquid separation in the last BV. The effluent quality was as fine as that of the conventional activated sludge process. The MRB has several advantages over the conventional biological wastewater treatment such as lower energy requirement, less sludge production, and no necessity for a final settling tank.

Filter clogging in coarse pore filtration activated sludge process under high MLSS concentration

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Alavi Moghaddam ◽  
Y. Guan ◽  
H. Satoh ◽  
T. Mino
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Membrane Pores ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Filtration Membrane ◽  
Aerobic Process ◽  
Filter Clogging ◽  
Secondary Settling

Coarse pore filtration activated sludge process is a type of hybrid process in which the secondary settling tank of the conventional activated sludge process is replaced by non- woven and coarse pore filter modules. The filter has pores, which are irregular in shape, and much bigger than micro-filtration membrane pores in size. The objective of the study is to find out the effect of the microbial community structure on filter clogging in the coarse pore filtration activated sludge process under high MLSS concentration in aerobic and anoxic/aerobic (A/A) conditions. Filter clogging started from day 65 and 70 in the A/A and aerobic process, respectively, but it was more severe in the A/A process compared to that in the aerobic process. EPS contents of sludge did not change significantly during the operation in both processes, and did not have a crucial effect on the observed filter clogging. There was no strong evidence for direct effect of the type and number of metazoa on filter clogging. The main difference between aerobic sludge and A/A sludge during the filter clogging period was the relative abundance of filamentous bacteria. According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that a higher presence of filamentous bacteria could reduce the severity of filter clogging in a coarse pore filtration activated sludge process.

scholarly journals Membrane fouling issues in anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for biogas production

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Prattakorn Sittisom ◽  
Obey Gotore ◽  
Rameshprabu Ramaraj ◽  
Giang Tran Van ◽  
Yuwalee Unpaprom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fouling Control ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors

Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) technology in recent years has been actively used for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. Also, AnMBR technology has been considered as an alternative wastewater treatment application over conventional activated sludge system. AnMBRs are best possible operated with flat sheet, hollow fiber, or tubular membranes both in the microfiltration or in the ultrafiltration, but on ceramic membrane use has not been reported widely. AnMBRs are a desirable technology that needs additional research efforts and development. However, membrane fouling, which continues a major problem for all membrane bioreactors, seems much more serious under anaerobic than aerobic conditions. In this review, membrane fouling issues (including membrane fouling mechanism, classification, influent parameters, and mitigation) were discussed and summarized. Moreover, in fouling control, biogas sparging and recirculation (i.e. methane production) were addressed. Lastly, future research perspectives relating to its application and membrane fouling research are planned.

ADVANCED TREATMENT OF BIOTREATED WATER OF SECONDARY SETTING TANKS FROM SUSPENDED SUBSTANCES BY VOLUME FILTER CARTRIDGES

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Arkady N. KIM ◽  
Alexandra Yu. ROMANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Suspended Substances ◽  
Secondary Settling ◽  
Filter Cartridge

The article considers the problem of removal of suspended substances from secondary setting tanks during wastewater treatment and suggests a technology of wastewater radvanced treatment from suspended solids with volume filter cartridge. The volume filter cartridge is placed inside a secondary settling tank - in front of the collection tray. Volume filter cartridge is a cylinder that is made of a porous polymeric material, the direction of filtration is determined as from outside to inside. The results of prototype installation use in secondary setting tank show that this technology allows to reduce the concentration of suspended solids by 75 %; BOD5 - up to 30 %; COD - up to 10 %.

Accounting of External Factors for Sewage Disinvasion

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 996-1000
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Yudina ◽  
Lidiya A. Dolzhenko
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Sand Trap ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Secondary Settling

The results of a survey of the background parasitic characteristics on individual structures of the municipal sewage treatment plant are given. It is established that 27% of the grids and sand trap are retained, the effectiveness of the retention in the biological treatment facilities after the secondary settling tank corresponded to 61.9%. Helminth eggs are mostly concentrated in sewage sludge, to a large extent maintaining their viability (90%). An imitating model of the process of disinvasion of sewage and sediments was developed, represented by a network diagram for sewage treatment fa-cilities. In production conditions, an experiment was performed to determine the influence of exter-nal factors on the efficiency of dehelmintization by the plant reagent.

scholarly journals Experience from the Implementation and Operation of the Biological Membrane Reactor (MBR) at the Modernized Wastewater Treatment Plant in Wydminy

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Skoczko ◽  
Pawel Puzowski ◽  
Ewa Szatyłowicz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biological Membrane ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Northeastern Poland ◽  
Secondary Settling

Biological membrane reactors or membrane bioreactors (MBRs) based on pressure separation techniques are placed among the latest and most modern methods of wastewater treatment. Currently, this method is becoming more and more popular and is being implemented in smaller and larger wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, technologists, operators, and managers of small WWTPs often do not understand the MBR technology installed in their sites and need extensive professional and technological information. The aim of this study was to analyze the modernized WWTP in a small town of Wydminy, located in northeastern Poland in the Great Masurian Lakes region, where the traditional secondary settling tank was replaced by an MBR. The effectiveness of wastewater treatment before modernization and after installation of the membrane module was compared. On the basis of the conducted research, it was noted that the operation of the plant after modernization is more cost-intensive. There were additional electricity costs due to ensuring adequate pressure on the membrane. Nevertheless, the obtained results of the removal of contaminants place the plant in Wydminy in the group of the most effective Polish sewage treatment plants, as compared to the results obtained in other facilities. The MBR operation also places high demands on the exploiters, prompting them to observe even the smallest changes. The conducted research is a type of a case study, which could give the readers an understanding of the necessity of traditional WWTP modernization with MBR.

Critical modeling parameters identified for 3D CFD modeling of rectangular final settling tanks for New York City wastewater treatment plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ramalingam ◽  
S. Xanthos ◽  
M. Gong ◽  
J. Fillos ◽  
K. Beckmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
York City ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
City College

New York City Environmental Protection is in the process of incorporating biological nitrogen removal (BNR) in its wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) which entails operating the aeration tanks with higher levels of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) than a conventional activated sludge process. The objective of this paper is to discuss two of the important parameters introduced in the 3D CFD model that has been developed by the City College of New York (CCNY) group: (a) the development of the ‘discrete particle’ measurement technique to carry out the fractionation of the solids in the final settling tank (FST) which has critical implications in the prediction of the effluent quality; and (b) the modification of the floc aggregation (KA) and floc break-up (KB) coefficients that are found in Parker's flocculation equation (Parker et al. 1970, 1971) used in the CFD model. The dependence of these parameters on the predictions of the CFD model will be illustrated with simulation results on one of the FSTs at the 26th Ward WWTP in Brooklyn, NY.

The application of membrane bioreactors as decentralised systems for removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals and pharmaceuticals

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Le-Minh ◽  
H. M. Coleman ◽  
S. J. Khan ◽  
Y. van Luer ◽  
T. T. T. Trang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Solid Retention Time ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Decentralised Systems ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

The concentrations of some important endocrine disrupting chemicals and pharmaceuticals after various stages of wastewater treatment were investigated. The endocrine disrupting chemicals included natural and synthetic estrogenic and androgenic steroids. The pharmaceuticals included a series of sulfonamide antibiotics and trimethoprim. The removal efficiency of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated and compared with a conventional activated sludge (CAS) system. Samples were analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed that the MBR and CAS systems effectively removed steroidal estrogens and androgens, but only partially eliminated the target antibiotics from wastewater. The MBR was shown to be more effective than the CAS system which was possibly attributed to the high solid retention time and concentration of biosolids in the MBR. The results highlight the potential wider application of MBRs for the removal of trace chemical contaminants in wastewater and their potential for use as decentralised wastewater treatment systems.

scholarly journals Intensification of activated sludge sedimentation processes by means of vacuuming

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 370-380
Author(s):  
Artem A. Kulakov ◽  
Alina F. Filatova
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Mixed Liquor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Secondary Settling

Introduction. The mixed liquor of nitrogen removal wastewater treatment plants is characterized by a high concentration of nitrates and dissolved oxygen at the inlet to the secondary settling tank. In the sludge layer of secondary sedimentation tanks, conditions of decreased oxygen content and uncontrolled denitrification processes take place. This leads to the floating up and removal of sludge with the effluent and secondary pollution of treated water. The purpose of this article is to study the parameters of activated sludge sedimentation in municipal wastewater treatment plants and their intensification by means of vacuuming. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out under laboratory conditions. Activated sludge vacuuming and sedimentation processes were simulated. Diagrams of the “sludge-water” phase reduction (Kinsh curves) were drawn. Mathematical and graphic processing of the results was carried out. Results. Biological treatment of municipal wastewater (aerotank — secondary settling tank) and methods of its intensification by influencing the activated sludge were considered in this article. Trends of activated sludge (at different concentrations of mixed liquor suspended solids) sedimentation were experimentally obtained for municipal wastewater treatment plants. The process of sludge vacuuming was researched, the process efficiency was determined as a function of the treatment time. Conclusions. Vacuuming allows removing gases from the fluid, which accelerates the process of sludge separation from the treated water and prevents it from floating to the surface. The treated sample is characterized by better sedimentation characteristics, density, coarseness and integrity of flakes. The optimal duration of mixed liquor vacuuming before sedimentation is 0.5 minutes; this accelerates the processes of subsequent sedimentation and reduces the removal of sludge with treated water. The results of laboratory tests can be applied to the design of the mixed liquor vacuuming unit before the secondary sedimentation tanks and its sludge separation.

scholarly journals First comparison of conventional activated sludge versus root-zone treatment for SARS-CoV-2 RNA removal from wastewaters: statistical and temporal significance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Madhvi Joshi ◽  
Keisuke Kuroda ◽  
Prosun Bhattacharya ◽  
Damia Barcello
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus

In the initial pandemic phase, effluents from wastewater treatment facilities were reported mostly free from Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA, and thus conventional wastewater treatments were generally considered effective. However, there is a lack of first-hand data on i) comparative efficacy of various treatment processes for SARS-CoV-2 RNA removal; and ii) temporal variations in the removal efficacy of a given treatment process in the backdrop of active COVID-19 cases. This work provides a comparative account of the removal efficacy of conventional activated sludge (CAS) and root zone treatments (RZT) based on weekly wastewater surveillance data, consisting of forty-four samples, during a two-month period. The average genome concentration was higher in the inlets of CAS-based wastewater treatment plant in the Sargasan ward (1.25 x 103 copies/ L), than that of RZT plant (7.07 x 102 copies/ L) in an academic institution campus of Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. ORF 1ab and S genes appeared to be more sensitive to treatment i.e., significantly reduced (p <0.05) than N genes (p>0.05). CAS treatment exhibited better RNA removal efficacy (p=0.014) than RZT (p=0.032). Multivariate analyses suggested that the effective genome concentration should be calculated based on the presence/absence of multiple genes. The present study stresses that treated effluents are not always free from SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and the removal efficacy of a given WWTPs is prone to exhibit temporal variability owing to variations in active COVID-19 cases in the vicinity and genetic material accumulation over the time. Disinfection seems less effective than the adsorption and coagulation processes for SARS-CoV-2 removal. Results stress the need for further research on mechanistic insight on SARS-CoV-2 removal through various treatment processes taking solid-liquid partitioning into account.

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