TECHNOLOGICAL MODELING OF CROPS CHANGE BY ADDITIONAL INTRODUCTION OF HONEY PLANTS

Розроблювалися обґрунтовані сівозміни з 40–60% медоносних культур для забезпечення галузі бджільництва повноцінною, сталою та безперервною кормовою базою, поліпшення та збереження структури ґрунту, а також існуючої ентомофауни. Дослідженнями встановлено, що попередник має значне, якщо не вирішальне значення при вирощуванні багатьох медоносних культур щодо їхньої продуктивності. Ентомофільні рослини, під посів яких вносили мінеральні добрива та застосовували пестициди, за достовірних результатів досліджень, мають менш розгалужену надземну масу, що впливає на кількість квіток на одній рослині, їх гірше відвідують медоносні бджоли та дикі запилювачі. Ключові слова: сівозміни, медоносні рослини, медоносні бджоли, якість бджолопродукції, екологія.

DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNOLOGICAL MODELING SYSTEM FOR REFINING PROCESSES

The article considers with the creation of a modeling system that allows the formation the dynamics of the technological process. Taking into account its physical and chemical properties. To solve this issue, the application of a semantic network is proposed, which ensures the aggregation of process models based on their compatibility. The proposed approach is implemented for dehydrogenation parameters, which showed the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Dreams of the Earth and Sky

This article examines how artists, writers and filmmakers inspired by scientific ideas imagined space flight and how engineers and scientists were inspired by these fantasies. The first section discusses Konstantin Tsiolkovsky's impact on images of interplanetary flight and the promotion of outer space in the early twentieth century. The second considers the emergence of popular science films about space as conceived by director Pavel Klushantsev as well as the role of artist Yuri Shvets in the Soviet space epic and the impact of technological modeling on science fiction in art. Finally, the author surveys the “space work” of artists-cum-inventors Bulat Galeyev and Vyacheslav Koleychuk.

Technological modeling of joint leaching of oily rolling scale and red mud

From the analysis of data on beneficial use of red mud and oily mill scale, a new direction of recycling has been formulated: the joint processing of these wastes to produce liquid products. Technological modeling of the stage of joint water treatment of a mixture of red mud and oily mill scale was performed at an enlarged laboratory unit. The yields and compositions of the products were determined. A batch of washed sludge was sent for research on obtaining ironcontaining raw materials for subsequent pyrometallurgical processing. With component ratio of 1:1, solid to liquid ratio of 4, temperature of 95 °C and duration of 2 hours, 6.3 kg of the mixture were processed, 6.58 kg of washed precipitate with a moisture content of 21.3 % and 12.6 dm3 of the final solution were obtained. The specific volume of water evaporation was determined to be 31.3 dm3/h per 1 m2 of pulp surface. Compositions of the precipitate iron (54.4 %) and the final solution (1.1 – 1.3 mg/dm3) were established, which indicates an almost complete accumulation of iron in the precipitate. Concentrations in the products of processing impurities were determined: silicon, aluminum, phosphorus, sulfur, sodium oxide and organics. According to the results, a technological scheme for the joint processing of red mud and oily mill scale was developed and ways of using the process products were outlined: sludge – for iron, filtrate – for industrial treatment, evaporated and wash water – for leaching. Using the example of cooperation between enterprises of the Kamensk-Uralsky Industrial Unit, the hardware process diagram is considered. It is advisable to use the data obtained to implement the technology, in particular, to develop technological regulations for the design of a pilot installation.

Specific cost modelling for secondary treatment of wastewater

The article is devoted to the study of model cost indicators of wastewater treatment facilities as one of the factors for ensuring sustainable development. It is noted that the greatest contribution in terms of cost formation is provided by the stage of biological wastewater treatment. As part of the study, a techno-economic simulation was conducted to compare two technological treatment schemes: conventional activated sludge scheme in aeration reactor and secondary settling tank, and treatment by means of membrane bioreactors. In the course of technological modeling, the concentrations of pollutants after treatment were obtained and compared for each of the schemes, as well as the values of possible harm to water bodies were calculated. Within the framework of cost modeling, capital and operating costs were obtained for the two variants, and key differences in their formation were analyzed. It is noted that the classical cleaning scheme requires the construction of a larger volume of structures, while for schemes with a membrane bioreactor, a significant cost item is the purchase of the actual membrane modules, but as the system performance increases, the share of these costs decreases.

Reliability of the organizational-and-technological model of clusters of sustainable urban residential development

The aim of this study is to determine the interpretation of the term “Cluster of urban residential development” used in the organization of reoriented urban enclaves, taking into account the organizational and technological model of the reliability of formation. In the implementation of such plans, a set of joint tasks of the organizational and technological structure is determined and a number of parameters are taken into account, (comfortable living, with meaningfully used free space; a combination of residential buildings with social, educational, cultural, household and entertainment facilities, etc.), and also - the basic principles of the formation of the reliability of the organizational and technological model of the cluster of urban residential development. The underlying scientific theory is that by using the methods of organizational and technological modeling and system engineering, the indicators of the total durability of construction design can be increased. As a result of the study, the characteristic properties of a cluster of urban residential development were established to be used in an integrated model.

Theoretical and scientific-methodological bases of organizational and technological modeling of implementation of large-scale urban projects of dispersed construction

To increase the efficiency of organizing urban development in large cities in the context of the application of program-targeted management methods, it is necessary to analyze the theoretical and scientific-methodological foundations of organizational and technological modeling, the implementation of large-scale urban projects of dispersed construction