scholarly journals Some features of crustacean cultivation aquabiotechnology on the waters of energy facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 01047
Author(s):  
Marina Kalaida ◽  
Madina Khamitova ◽  
Svetlana Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Red Claw Crayfish

The data on the state of the crayfish population on the territory of the Middle Volga before its regulation and after the formation of reservoirs are presented. Three stages in the state of development of aquabiotechnology of the crustaceans cultivation in the Middle Volga region have been identified. The first stage is before regulation of the Volga river. The second stage is pasture aquaculture in reservoirs with works on the targeted improvement of aquatic ecosystems. It is shown that the size-weight and ecological-biological characteristics of long-clawed crayfish before the regulation of the river and after the formation of the Kuibyshev reservoir are similar. The third stage is highlighted in connection with the expansion of biotechnologies for growing thermophilic crayfish in recirculating aquaculture systems. At the present stage, in the Kuibyshev and Nizhnekamsk reservoirs, there are narrow-clawed (Pontastacus leptodactylus Esch.) and wide-clawed crayfish (Astacus astacus L.). The catches contain crayfish of three ages: two-year-olds - about 100 mm, three-year-olds - about 150 mm, four-year-olds - about 170 mm long. The equation for the dependence of body weight on the zoological length of narrow-clawed crayfish in the Kuibyshev reservoir: y = 0.67x +81.3. The cultivation of the red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (VonMartens, 1868) on the warm waters of energy facilities can become an important element of aquaculture for the production of elite gourmet products. The equation for the dependence of body weight on the zoological length of red claw crayfish in a recirculating aquaculture system: y = 1.1x +57.3. The development of aquatic biotechnologies makes it possible to use natural crayfish populations for the creation of crayfish farms and pasture aquaculture on the basis of reservoir waters, and the use of warm waters makes it possible to grow new aquaculture objects for the industrial crayfish cultivation all year round. At the same time, natural ecosystems are not disturbed, and the rate of growth of marketable products under controlled production conditions allows not only to increase the volume of aquaculture products, but also to reduce the pressure of catch of crayfish from natural ecosystems.

Ecological and biological features of river crayfish in the modern conditions of the Kuibyshev reservoir

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Marina Lvovna Kalaida ◽  
Svetlana Dmitrievna Borisova ◽  
Madina Farhadovna Khamitova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Crayfish Population ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Edible Parts

Crayfish are considered as objects of consumption in the modern world. An increase in their share in the production of aquaculture objects is shown. The data on the state of the crayfish population on the territory of the Middle Volga before regulation, after the formation of the Kuibyshev reservoir and at the present time are presented. It was shown that the size-weight and ecological-biological characteristics of long-toed crayfish before regulation and after the formation of the reservoir are similar. The data on the modern size-age characteristics of populations of narrow-clawed crayfish in the Volga-Kama reach of the Kuibyshev reservoir are presented. It is shown that in the catches the basis is made up of three-year-olds 13–15 cm long and weighing about 80–100 g. The equation for the dependence of body weight on the zoological length of river narrow-clawed crayfish in the Volga-Kama reach of the Kuibyshev reservoir: y = 35,588x0,3073. The equation for the dependence of body weight on the commercial length of narrow-clawed crayfish in the Volga-Kama Reach of the Kuibyshev Reservoir: y = 29,409x0,3275. Chemical analysis of narrow-clawed crayfish revealed 12 elements. The following sequences of the content of elements in narrow-clawed crayfish from the Volga-Kama reach of the Kuibyshev reservoir were noted: in the muscle tissue of edible parts — Ca ˃K ˃S ˃P ˃Cu ˃Fe ˃Zn ˃Mn ˃ Br ˃Sr; in shell — Ca ˃Si ˃P ˃S ˃K ˃Sr ˃Ti ˃Fe ˃Mn ˃Cu ˃Br ˃Zn; in entire crayfish — Ca ˃K ˃P ˃Si ˃S ˃Sr ˃Fe ˃Mn ˃Cu ˃Ti ˃Br ˃Zn. In the edible parts of the narrow-clawed crayfish of the Volga-Kama reach of the Kuibyshev reservoir, there are no such hazardous elements as lead, arsenic, cadmium and mercury. Crayfish can be used as a feed additive in feed for aquaculture objects. Crayfish breeding in the structure of aquaculture in the Middle Volga region can become an important component. The development of aquabiotechnology makes it possible to use natural crayfish populations for the tasks of creating industrial crayfish farms.

scholarly journals Impact of natural fires on the vegetation cover of steppe and forest-steppe zones (European part of Russia, Middle Volga region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Valentina Ilyina ◽  
Anna Mitroshenkova ◽  
Stepan Senator ◽  
Vera Solovyeva ◽  
Stanislav Rogov
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Natural Fires ◽  
Zonal Vegetation ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Impact

The effect of natural fires on the vegetation cover of steppe and forest-steppe zones in the south-east of European Russia (the middle course of the Volga River) has been evaluated. The research used methods of studying biosystems at organism, species, population and cenotic levels. The study revealed the possibility of regrowth of aboveground plant parts after fires, changes in the population structure of species, and resistance of populations and zonal plant communities to the effects of natural fires. The most vulnerable among zonal vegetation types are pine forests, feather-grass and petrophytic steppes. Frequency, intensity and area of natural fires in the Middle Volga region cause significant changes in the structure of vegetation cover and reduction of biodiversity. The results obtained in the study of the impact of fires on vegetation can be used in the planning and implementation of environmental and reforestation measures.

scholarly journals The Lebyazhinka Burial Ground (Middle Volga Region, Russia): New 14C Dates and the Reservoir Effect

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 681-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
N I Shishlina ◽  
J van der Plicht ◽  
M A Turetsky
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Reservoir Effect ◽  
River Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Freshwater Fauna

AbstractWe report new accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dates of bones from humans, animals, and fish from grave 12 of the Lebyazhinka V Eneolithic burial ground in the middle Volga River region, Russia. Earlier conventional dates established a chronology. This has to be adjusted by new insights: the date has to be corrected for reservoir effects. For this purpose we redated bone from a human, and for herbivore and freshwater fauna from the same context, and included measurements of the stable isotopes δ13C and δ15N. The reservoir offset for the human appears to be about 700 14C yr.

scholarly journals The Problems with Neolithization Chronology in The East European Steppe and Forest-Steppe (From the Volga River to the Don River)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 1254
Author(s):  
A. Vybornov ◽  
P. Koltsov ◽  
M. Kulkova ◽  
A. Yudin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Ware ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Volga River Basin ◽  
East European ◽  
Don River ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Northern Territories

The article deals with the problems of Neolithic chronology in the steppe and forest-steppe regions from the Volga to the Don. The main criterion of the transition to the Neolithic in the region should be considered the appearance of ceramic ware. In the southern region, the onset of the Neolithic was associated with indigenous processes in the period 7700-7200 years ago, with some influence from the Caucasus. In the northern territories, Neolitization occurred in 7500-7200 years ago and was influenced by the cultures of Central Asia. The early Neolithic on the border between the steppe and forest-steppe in the Volga river basin is represented by the Elshanka complexes with earthenware. The chronological ratio of the Neolithic of the southern and northern territories indicates the influence of steppe cultures on the development of the population in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region.   

scholarly journals Homelessness of Children as a Social Phenomenon in 1941-1945: Manifestations and Attempts to Overcome in Middle Volga

2020 ◽  
pp. 384-400
Author(s):  
R. A. Mukhamedov ◽  
A. G. Pashkin
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
The State ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main directions and specifics of the activities of state bodies and public organizations of the Middle Volga region in the fight against children homelessness in 1941-1945. At the present stage of Russia’s development, the government and society are paying considerable attention to eliminating crime and preventing deviant behavior among minors, which in turn strengthens the urgency of the problem. The authors introduce into the scientific circulation previously unavailable documents of the State Archive of the Ulyanovsk Region, the State Archive of Recent History of the Ulyanovsk Region, the Samara Regional State Archive of Socio-Political History. The reasons for the development of homelessness, its scope are analyzed in detail in the article, and also the key areas of activity of the internal affairs bodies are considered. It is proved that in the initial period of the Great Patriotic War in the territory of the Middle Volga region a number of factors were recorded that contributed to the criminalization of minors: significant population migration, unstable work of railway and water transport, the termination of educational institutions, an increase in the number of street and street children. It is shown that the answer to the challenge was the development of a method for combating juvenile crime, based on the close interaction of law enforcement, educational bodies and public organizations. It is alleged that the use of new methods has partially reduced the impact of negative trends and, consequently, improved the criminal situation among minors.

scholarly journals The role of ichthyopathological observations in the industrial reproduction of sterlet for the tasks of release into the Kuibyshev reservoir

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 01046
Author(s):  
Marina Kalaida ◽  
Lada Govorkova ◽  
Madina Khamitova ◽  
Olga Anokhina ◽  
Andrey Kalaida
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Stability

The features of the industrial reproduction of sterlet in the Middle Volga region are considered. The necessity of further increasing the volume of production and release of juvenile sterlet to the Kuibyshev reservoir is shown. An increase in the relevance of research works in the field of sturgeon ichthyopathology has been noted. The importance of carrying out ichthyopathological observations is shown both for ensuring the stability and efficiency of production, and for preserving the natural population of sterlet in the Kuibyshev reservoir. The article considers the relative novelty of ichthyopathology as a science and the discrepancy between normative legal acts regulating ichthyopathological observations in Russia. The industrialization of aquaculture forms is shown. The emergence of new sturgeon diseases specific to high-intensity fish farming was noted. The results of experiments on the use of inorganic drugs for the treatment of sturgeon nutritional diseases are presented.

scholarly journals Growth performance of common catfish (Ameiurus melas Raf.) fingerlings fed mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Roncarati ◽  
L. Gasco ◽  
G. Parisi ◽  
G. Terova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems ◽  
Fish Tank ◽  
Ameiurus Melas

A pre-fattening trial was performed to evaluate the effect of replacement of fishmeal (FM) with insect meal (IM; Tenebrio molitor) on growth performance and survival rate of common catfish (Ameiurus melas). Fingerlings of A. melas (mean body weight 0.248±0.07 g) were randomly distributed over 4 indoor tanks of 2 m3 at a density of 2,000 fish/tank, and kept at a temperature of 23-25 °C in two separated recirculating aquaculture systems. Fish were divided into two groups (two tanks per group): FM and IM. Fish of the FM group were fed with a control diet (51.6% protein and 18.1% lipid), whereas those of the IM group received a diet (50.8% protein and 22.1% lipid) in which 50% of FM was substituted with IM. Chemical parameters (moisture, crude protein, total lipids, ether extract, and ash) and fatty acid profile of the two feeds is reported. The feeding trial lasted 90 days and fish were weighed at the beginning of the trial and then on monthly basis. Growth performance was good in both groups. However, fish of the IM group reached a final mean body weight (4.2±0.6 g) significantly lower (P<0.01) than that of the FM group (5.13±0.7 g). The survival rate of FM group (79%) was higher than that of IM (70%), too. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that the diet with insect meal was able to sustain growth in catfish fingerlings but fish fed with FM performed better than those fed with IM.

Assessment of the health of the working population of large industrial center of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 566-566
Author(s):  
I. I. Berezin ◽  
M. L. Sirotko ◽  
A. K. Sergeev
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Industrial Center

The article presents data on the state of health of the adult population of a large industrial center of the Middle Volga region. The importance of the influence of harmful environmental factors on the health of the population is reflected, as well as the need for an integrated approach to the assessment of the health of the adult population, considering all possible environmental and industrial factors.

scholarly journals Theologian Nurgali Khasanov: Resilience throughout Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
R.I. Malikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Life Path

The fate of Nurgali Khasanov, the distinguished Muslim theologian of the Middle Volga region, sheikh, and akhund, was discussed. His life path, full of not only bright events, tireless work, recognition and fame, but also of ordeals and grief, was reconstructed on the basis of the work “Grateful Feelings of Bright Journeys” dedicated to pilgrimage, his autobiographical collection “58 Years of Travel in One Century”, as well as using the materials from the foundation of the Simbirsk provincial government, the Simbirsk provincial gendarmerie department, the State Archive of the Ulyanovsk Region, the Tatar newspapers (“Koyash”, “Yoldyz”, “Azad”, “Өlfәt”), and the “Mәglүmat” magazine. The events described cover the period of life of the theologian from 1852 up to 1919. The study is highly relevant, because the personality of Nurgali Khasanov has been insufficiently investigated in Russian historiography. The strengths of his character, tolerance for ordeals, and wisdom were shown. With the help of the biographical description of his outstanding personality, it seems possible to perceive the historical processes of that time, to understand the difficulties encountered by Muslim religious figures and theologians of the Middle Volga region during the late 19th–early 20th centuries.

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