scholarly journals Development of mathematical models of print quality by Box-Wilson

2021 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 03023
Author(s):  
Ulbosin Eshbaev ◽  
Akbarjon Nishonov ◽  
Aziz Saodatov
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Color Perception ◽  
Paint Layer ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Static Modeling ◽  
Printed Materials

The transfer coefficient of ink to the printed material was determined by comparing the mass of the printed material before and after printing. The specifics of the interaction of the printed surface with the surface of the paint layer and the influence of technological factors on the graphic distortion of the image when printing on paper also affect the gradation characteristic of the image. This article states about static modeling, preliminary analysis of the color perception of offset printing on papers including synthetic polymers. On the basis of the model of color perception obtained as a result of research in offset printing on printed materials, the optimal choice is developed, which allows to make an objective assessment and predict the color perception of the printed materials.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF COLOR PERCEPTION PROCESS IN THE PRINT PRODUCT BY THE STEEP CLIMBING METHOD BY BOX-WILSON

2019 ◽  
Vol 2018 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
U Eshbaeva ◽  
◽  
I Shin ◽  
A Djalilov
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Color Perception ◽  
Paint Layer ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Perception Model ◽  
Perception Process ◽  
Printed Materials ◽  
Print Product

In the article is discussed the optimization of color perception process of printed products by the method of steep climbing in Box-Wilson. There are presented results of experiment planning and statistical modeling of the process of color perception with the offset printing method on paper, including synthetic polymers. It is presented a mathematical model of the color perception by the Box-Wilson steep ascent method, it is achieved the optimum range for the response function in the form of the paint layer thickness depending on the pressing force (pressure), the pressing process speed and paper smoothness. As a result, on the basis of the obtained color perception model, optimal parameters were established, which allow to hold objective assessment and prediction of the color perception of the printed materials. The results of the study are the basis for the rational determination of the compositional composition of the experimental paper in its design and development of both paper and printing products.

Use of confocal laser scanning microscopy and a computer model to understand ink cavitation and filamentation

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
HANNA KOIVULA ◽  
DOUGLAS BOUSFIELD ◽  
MARTTI TOIVAKKA
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Printing Speed

In the offset printing process, ink film splitting has an important impact on formation of ink filaments. The filament size and its distribution influence the leveling of ink and hence affect ink setting and the print quality. However, ink filaments are difficult to image due to their short lifetime and fine length scale. Due to this difficulty, limited work has been reported on the parameters that influence filament size and methods to characterize it. We imaged ink filament remains and quantified some of their characteristics by changing printing speed, ink amount, and fountain solution type. Printed samples were prepared using a laboratory printability tester with varying ink levels and operating settings. Rhodamine B dye was incorporated into fountain solutions to aid in the detection of the filaments. The prints were then imaged with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and images were further analyzed for their surface topography. Modeling of the pressure pulses in the printing nip was included to better understand the mechanism of filament formation and the origin of filament length scale. Printing speed and ink amount changed the size distribution of the observed filament remains. There was no significant difference between fountain solutions with or without isopropyl alcohol on the observed patterns of the filament remains.

scholarly journals Effects of nonlinear error correction of measurements obtained by peak flowmeter using the Wright scale to assess asthma attack severity in children

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 310-316
Author(s):  
Dragana Stamatovic ◽  
Nada Bokan-Erdeljan
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
British Thoracic Society ◽  
Asthma Attack ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severe Degree

Introduction: Monitoring of peak expiratory flow (PEF) is recommended in numerous guidelines for management of asthma. Improvements in calibration methods have demonstrated the inaccuracy of original Wright scale of peak flowmeter. A new standard, EN 13826 that was applied to peak flowmeter was adopted on 1st September 2004 by some European countries. Correction of PEF readings obtained with old type devices for measurement is possible by Dr M. Miller?s original predictive equation. Objective. Assessment of PEF correction effect on the interpretation of measurement results and management decisions. Method. In children with intermittent (35) or stable persistent asthma (75) aged 6-16 years, there were performed 8393 measurements of PEF by Vitalograph normal-range peak flowmeter with traditional Wright scale. Readings were expressed as percentage of individual best values (PB) before and after correction. The effect of correction was analyzed based on The British Thoracic Society guidelines for asthma attack treatment. Results. In general, correction reduced the values of PEF (p<0.01). The highest mean percentage error (20.70%) in the measured values was found in the subgroup in which PB ranged between 250 and 350 l/min. Nevertheless, the interpretation of PEF after the correction in this subgroup changed in only 2.41% of measurements. The lowest mean percentage error (15.72%), and, at the same time, the highest effect of correction on measurement results interpretation (in 22.65% readings) were in children with PB above 450 l/min. In 73 (66.37%) subjects, the correction changed the clinical interpretation of some values of PEF after correction. In 13 (11.8%) patients, some corrected values indicated the absence or a milder degree of airflow obstruction. In 27 (24.54%) children, more than 10%, and in 12 (10.93%), more than 20% of the corrected readings indicated a severe degree of asthma exacerbation that needed more aggressive treatment. Conclusion. Correction of PEF values obtained by peak flowmeters with traditional Wright scale shows a possibility of overtreatment in younger or short stature children and undertreatment in older or taller ones if we use old type of metres. The correction of peak flowmeter for non-linear error is a prerequisite in the application of asthma guidelines in PEF measurements. .

Impact of non-uniform water absorption on water-interference print mottle in offset printing

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Thorman ◽  
Göran Ström ◽  
Patrick A. C. Gane
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Surface Adhesion ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
Coated Papers ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
Lift Off

Abstract Print mottle is a serious and yet common print defect in offset printing. An imbalance between the feed of fountain solution and the ability of the paper substrate to absorb and transport this water away from the surface can cause moisture/water interference problems. In the study presented here, we have investigated the uniformity of aqueous absorption and coating structure of pilot-coated papers with different types and dosages of dispersants and linked this to print mottle and uncovered areas (UCA). In earlier studies, the print quality of these papers indicated that a moderate addition of excess dispersant caused ink refusal, ink-lift-off (ink-surface adhesion failure) and water-interference mottle when printing at elevated fountain feed. In the present study, we have shown that a majority of the samples with uneven water/moisture absorption and an uneven burn-out reflectance tended to have more severe printing problems related to surface-moisture/water.An aqueous staining technique was used to characterise the absorption non-uniformities. This method has been developed previously with focus on absorption of flexographic water-based inks but can clearly give relevant information also for offset printing, when it comes to moisture/water interference mottle.

Comparative analysis of ultrasound biomicroscopy between femto-assisted and ultrasound cataract removal in case of lens subluxation

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
K. Ait Ahmed ◽  
◽  
V. Maksimov ◽  
M. Maksimov ◽  
G. Akchurin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
The State ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Lens Subluxation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lens Surgery

Purpose of the study to carry out a comparative analysis of the state of the zonular fibers before and after surgery on UBM between femtolaser assisted and classical ultrasound cataract removal. Material and methods. 19 patients (38 eyes) with age-related cataracts. 22 eyes were with pseudo-exfoliative syndrome. All patients were examined with grade 1 lens subluxation. The first group of 19 eyes underwent cataract femto-phacoemulsification. The second group included 19 eyes without using a femtolaser. The state of the fibers was determined on the UBM on the fifth day after the operation at the end of antibiotic therapy. Results. The data showed the presence of a statistically significant difference between the group with femto-assistance and the group without it. In the first group, UBM analysis showed that the state of the zonular fibers remained in the same state in 16 of 19 eyes. In the second group, 11 of 19 eyes required ring implantation with suturing to the sclera and 3 required IOL implantation with seamless fixation to the sclera and vitrectomy. Conclusions. The appropriate path to surgery depends on the most accurate objective assessment of the condition of the lens ligaments, since the position of the IOL is one of the main factors for a good result expected by the patient after surgery. Reducing the «trauma» of the eye with lens surgery has been a key success factor and femtolaser guidance provides valuable assistance in obtaining it. Key words: lens subluxation, femtosecond laser, UBM.

Objective Assessment of Snoring Before and After Laser-Assisted Uvulopalatoplasty

1996 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1372-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Paloyan Walker ◽  
William M. Gatti ◽  
Nancy Poirier ◽  
Jason S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Before And After

A Brief Analysis of Vibration on the Printing Area in Ordinary Offset Press

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 2091-2094
Author(s):  
Ming Yang ◽  
Jin Yao Li ◽  
Jia Cong Chen ◽  
Shi Jia Kong
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Printing Press ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
The Press ◽  
Vibration Performance ◽  
Printing Presses

At the development of modern printing, vibration may course some products quality problems when increases the speed. Practical experience shows that the mechanical vibration of the offset press is an important reason to affect the print quality. Therefore, improving the vibration performance of the printing press and designing the structure of anti-vibration and noise reduction to improve the quality and speed of printing presses is an important issue in the press product development. This paper proposes some reasons and solution ideas of vibration on printing parts in ordinary offset printing machines.

scholarly journals Analysis of Physical Therapy in Psoriasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Włodzisław Kuliński ◽  
Barbara Zielińska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Puva Therapy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Psoriasis is one of the most common skin diseases. It is a chronic and recurrent disorder that constitutes both a clinical and a social problem. Psoriasis can be effectively treated with comprehensive balneophysiotherapy (sulphide/hydrogen sulphide baths, PUVA therapy, cryotherapy). Aim: To analyse physical therapy in patients with psoriasis treated at a thermal resort. Material and Methods: The study was conducted at the “Jasna” thermal resort in Solec-Zdrój. The patients underwent balneophysiotherapy in the form of sulphide/hydrogen sulphide baths, PUVA therapy, and cryotherapy. The study group consisted of 40 subjects (28 females and 12 males) with psoriasis. The mean age was 43 years (range: 21 to 65 years). Subjective (a 21-item questionnaire) and objective assessment of the patients’ status was performed both before and after a series of physical therapy procedures. Results: After 3 weeks of treatment, the patients’ physical status was remarkably improved; skin lesions, pain, and burning resolved. The mental status of the subjects was improved as well. The results confirm that physical therapy is highly effective in psoriatic patients. Conclusions: The procedures performed at the thermal resort had a beneficial influence on the subjects’ health. Remarkable improvements were found using both subjective and objective methods of assessment. Thermal hospital treatment is an optimal form of management in psoriatic patients.

scholarly journals Influence of electron irradiation on mechanical properties of epoxy polymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Udovytska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Thermal Destruction ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Additional Heat ◽  
Epoxy Polymers ◽  
Absorbed Doses ◽  
Before And After

The effect of different absorbed doses of electron irradiation with the energy of 12 MeV and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of ED-20 epoxy-dianic resin with hardener PEPA (11, 12 and 13 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin) was investigated. Heat treatment of irradiated epoxy resin samples was performed in two modes: before or after electron irradiation. It is shown that the optimal choice of the content of hardener PEPA and using electron irradiation with the energy of 12 MeV in the integrated combination with heat treatment allow significantly improve the mechanical properties of epoxy-dianic resin. It was established that for the content of the hardener 12 parts by weight and absorbed doses of 10–20 kGy, the boundary of strength increases in 3 times, and additional heat treatment both before and after irradiation reduces this figure through the thermal destruction. Only for the content of hardener 11 and 13 parts by weight and these absorbed doses heat treatment of irradiated samples of epoxy resin leads to an increase in the boundary of strength. In doing so, the hardness increases regardless of the content of hardener for the absorbed doses greater than 50 kGy.

scholarly journals Analysis of Printing Pressure Using Density Measurements of Printed Ink.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Ramesh R Dendge
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Variation ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
Covering Material ◽  
Uncoated Paper ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Printing Machine ◽  
Left Middle

In process-color lithographic sheet-fed offset printing the uniformity of printing pressure is critical in achieving consistent print quality. The variations in printing pressure at blanket and impression cylinder nip affect the resultant print density of process colors. The variations in printing pressure are observed not only within the print run but also in the print area of the sheet. The printing pressure is the function of machine engineering, blanket cylinder covering material, substrate, and thickness of image carrier, packing materials used in packing of blanket and plate cylinder. Many printers, even today, use a feeler gauge to judge the level of printing pressure at two or three places along with the blanket and impression cylinder nip. The conventional feeler gauge method yields qualitative information and considers a very smaller portion of the print area. In this experimental work, the densitometry is used to devise an alternative subjective method to give information about the levels of printing pressure across the print area. The image equalling print area is divided into uniformly spaced small patches and one thousand sheets uncoated paper are printed with cyan color on large format offset printing machine. Three sheets, 101th, 501th, and 901th, representing the start, middle and the end of the print run are selected. Out of each identified sheets, three patches are selected from left middle and right columns giving a total nine locations from across the print area. The reflection densities, of nine cyan patches uniformly covering the print area, are measured using electronic densitometer for each of the sheets and tabulated. This approach, involving statistics, is aimed at providing a quantitative tool to analyze printing pressure variation across the print area and within the print run.

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