Use of confocal laser scanning microscopy and a computer model to understand ink cavitation and filamentation

In the offset printing process, ink film splitting has an important impact on formation of ink filaments. The filament size and its distribution influence the leveling of ink and hence affect ink setting and the print quality. However, ink filaments are difficult to image due to their short lifetime and fine length scale. Due to this difficulty, limited work has been reported on the parameters that influence filament size and methods to characterize it. We imaged ink filament remains and quantified some of their characteristics by changing printing speed, ink amount, and fountain solution type. Printed samples were prepared using a laboratory printability tester with varying ink levels and operating settings. Rhodamine B dye was incorporated into fountain solutions to aid in the detection of the filaments. The prints were then imaged with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and images were further analyzed for their surface topography. Modeling of the pressure pulses in the printing nip was included to better understand the mechanism of filament formation and the origin of filament length scale. Printing speed and ink amount changed the size distribution of the observed filament remains. There was no significant difference between fountain solutions with or without isopropyl alcohol on the observed patterns of the filament remains.

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3-D imaging of cells using a confocal laser scanning microscope and digital image processing

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100102560 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 96-97

Author(s):

Thomas M. Jovin ◽

Michel Robert-Nicoud ◽

Donna J. Arndt-Jovin ◽

Thorsten Schormann

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Scanning Microscope ◽

Laser Scanning Microscope ◽

Biochemical Processes ◽

Adjacent Structures

Light microscopic techniques for visualizing biomolecules and biochemical processes in situ have become indispensable in studies concerning the structural organization of supramolecular assemblies in cells and of processes during the cell cycle, transformation, differentiation, and development. Confocal laser scanning microscopy offers a number of advantages for the in situ localization and quantitation of fluorescence labeled targets and probes: (i) rejection of interfering signals emanating from out-of-focus and adjacent structures, allowing the “optical sectioning” of the specimen and 3-D reconstruction without time consuming deconvolution; (ii) increased spatial resolution; (iii) electronic control of contrast and magnification; (iv) simultanous imaging of the specimen by optical phenomena based on incident, scattered, emitted, and transmitted light; and (v) simultanous use of different fluorescent probes and types of detectors.We currently use a confocal laser scanning microscope CLSM (Zeiss, Oberkochen) equipped with 3-laser excitation (u.v - visible) and confocal optics in the fluorescence mode, as well as a computer-controlled X-Y-Z scanning stage with 0.1 μ resolution.

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Novel luminescent dyes for confocal laser scanning microscopy used in parasite Trematoda diagnostics*

Acta Biochimica Polonica ◽

10.18388/abp.2018_2574 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elena M. Kirilova ◽

Sanita Kecko ◽

Ligita Mežaraupe ◽

Inese Gavarāne ◽

Aleksandrs Pučkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Scanning Microscope ◽

Microscopic Imaging ◽

Biological Objects ◽

Diplostomum Spathaceum ◽

Benzanthrone Dyes

Benzanthrone derivates are now widely used in many industrial and scientific applications as a dye for polymers and textiles. In biochemical, biomedical and diagnostics investigations benzanthrone dyes are used as a lipophilic fluorescent probe as many benzanthrone derivates demonstrate bright fluorescence and they have ability to intercalate between lipids of membrane. The aim of present research was to access the luminescence ability of benzanthrone derivatives using microscopic visualization of biological objects. Accordingly, specimens of freshwater trematode Diplostomum spathaceum, Diplodiscus subclavatus and Prosotocus confusus were stained by all novel benzanthrone dyes using different fixatives. The samples were examined by confocal laser scanning microscope. All dyes showed good results of digestive and reproductive system visualization. Based on obtained results we conclude that all benzanthrone dyes could be used for internal and external structure confocal laser scanning microscopic imaging of trematode specimens.

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The application of safranin-O for staining virus-vector trichodorid nematodes for electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854100508980 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 237-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eirini Karanastasi ◽

Evangelos Vellios ◽

Ian Roberts ◽

Stuart MacFarlane ◽

Derek J.F. Brown

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Tobacco Rattle Virus ◽

Immunogold Labelling ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Microscopie Électronique ◽

Safranin O ◽

Safranine O

Abstract Post-fixation with osmium tetroxide (OsO4), prior to examination by electron microscopy, enables nematodes to be located in epoxy-resin blocks, and improves contrast of ultrastructural features. For specimen visibility, alternatives to OsO4 were examined as it can inhibit antigenicity, thus preventing application of serological techniques. Basic fuchsin stain does not affect antigenicity and when applied to trichodorids enabled specimens to be readily located in the block, but had several disadvantages such as causing substantial alteration of the nematode structure. Safranin-O stain enabled Paratrichodorus anemones and P. pachydermus specimens to be located in resin blocks, different parts of the nematode body to be distinguished, and did not affect specimen ultrastructure. Also, with viruliferous specimens it allowed immunogold labelling techniques to be applied for identifying tobacco rattle virus particles at the site of retention in the nematodes. Safranin-O is fluorescent and this feature was used to examine sections from the spicula region of a male P. pachydermus specimen under a confocal laser scanning microscope. La post-fixation au tétroxyde d’osmium (OsO4) avant l’observation en microscopie électronique empêche la localisation des nématodes dans les blocs de résine epoxy et augmente le contraste des caractéristiques ultrastructurales. Pour la localisation des spécimens, des solutions alternatives au OsO4, qui peut inhiber l’antigénicité et donc empêcher l’application de techniques sérologiques, ont été examinées. Le coloration à la fuschine basique n’affecte pas l’antigénicité et permet de situer les spécimens dans les blocs, mais elle présente de nombreux désavantages telle l’altération substantielle des structures du nématode. La safranine-O permet la localisation de Paratrichodorus anemones et de P. pachydermus, les différentes parties du corps du nématode étant alors identifiables, et n’affecte en rien l’ultrastructure du nématode. Chez les spécimens portant des virus, elle permet également l’utilisation de techniques de marquage immunologique à l’or pour identifier les particules du virus du tobacco rattle dans les sites de rétention chez le nématode. La safranine-O est fluorescente et cette particularité a été utilisée pour observer des sections de la région des spicules chez un mâle de P. pachydermus en microscopie confocale à balayage.

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Confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis of the depth of dentin caries-like lesions in primary and permanent teeth

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402008000200010 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 139-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Fabíola Galbiatti de Carvalho ◽

Suzana Beatriz Portugal de Fucio ◽

Mario Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti ◽

Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho ◽

Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Biological Model ◽

Chemical Model ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Caries Model ◽

Significant Difference

This study analyzed comparatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), the depth of caries-like lesions produced by biological and chemical artificial models in permanent and primary dentin. Six primary molars and six premolars were used. The occlusal enamel was removed and a nail polish layer was applied on the specimens, except for a 4 x 2 mm area on dentin surface. Half of specimens were immersed in acid gel for 14 days (chemical model) and the other half was immersed in BHI broth with S. mutans for 14 days (biological model). After development of artificial caries, the crowns were longitudinally sectioned on the center of the carious lesion. Three measurements of carious dentin depth were made in each specimen by CLSM. Measurements depths were compared between the caries models and between tooth types by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (a=5%). For permanent teeth, the biological model showed significantly higher (p<0.05) caries depth values than the chemical model. For primary teeth, no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was found between the caries models. The artificial caries model influenced caries depth only in permanent teeth. There was no difference in carious dentin depth between permanent and primary teeth, regardless of the artificial caries model.

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Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity of a New Class of Silver Citrate-Based Compounds as Endodontic Irrigants

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13215019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 5019

Author(s):

Luigi Generali ◽

Carlo Bertoldi ◽

Alessandro Bidossi ◽

Clara Cassinelli ◽

Marco Morra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Mouse Fibroblasts ◽

Cell Biomass ◽

Root Canal Irrigants ◽

Similar Chemical

In the present study, the cytotoxicity and the antimicrobial activity of two silver citrate-based irrigant solutions were investigated. Cytotoxicity of various concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%) of both solutions (BioAKT and BioAKT Endo) was assessed on L-929 mouse fibroblasts using the MTT assay. For the quantitative analysis of components, an infrared (I.R.) spectroscopy was performed. The minimum inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentrations (M.I.C. and M.B.C., respectively) were ascertained on Enterococcus faecalis strain ATCC 4083. For biofilm susceptibility after treatment with the irrigating agent, a minimum biofilm eradication concentration (M.B.E.C.) and confocal laser scanning microscope (C.L.S.M.) assays were performed. Quantification of E. faecalis cell biomass and percentage of live and dead cells in the biomass was appraised. Normality of data was analyzed using the D’Agostino & Pearson’s test and the Shapiro–Wilk test. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test. Both silver citrate solutions showed mouse fibroblasts viability >70% when diluted to 0.25% and 0.5%. Conversely, at higher concentrations, they were extremely cytotoxic. F.T.-IR spectroscopy measurements of both liquids showed the same spectra, indicating similar chemical characteristics. No substantial contrast in antimicrobial activity was observed among the two silver citrate solutions by using broth microdilution methods, biofilm susceptibility (MBEC-HTP device), and biomass screening using confocal laser scanning microscopy (C.L.S.M.) technique. Both solutions, used as root canal irrigants, exhibited significant antimicrobial activity and low cytocompatibility at dilutions greater than 0.5%.

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Spindle and chromosome configuration analysis of human biopsied versus non-biopsied embryos by confocal laser scanning microscopy following vitrification

Zygote ◽

10.1017/s0967199419000182 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 153-159

Author(s):

Katerina Chatzimeletiou ◽

Pierre Vanderzwalmen ◽

Yannis Panagiotidis ◽

Achilleas Papatheodorou ◽

Alexandros Karagiannidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Human Embryos ◽

Chromosome Configuration ◽

Significant Difference

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of zona drilling and biopsy on day 3 followed by vitrification on day 5 on the cytoskeleton and development of human embryos, by analysing survival rates and spindle and chromosome configurations by fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy in human biopsied and non-biopsied embryos. In total, 98 human blastocysts (50 non-biopsied and 48 following biopsy on day 3) were vitrified on day 5 using either a commercial dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)-free vitrification kit or increasing concentrations of DMSO/EG (5%/5–10%/10–20%/20%). Following warming, the blastocysts were allowed to recover in culture for 24 h and were immunostained with α-tubulin, acetylated tubulin, and/or γ-tubulin antibodies in combination with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Labelled embryos were examined by both fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The survival rates following warming (92% non-biopsied vs 83.3% biopsied) and the incidence of normal spindle chromosome configurations was not statistically different between the two groups (65.2% non-biopsied vs 59.2% biopsied, P>0.05). The incidence of spindle abnormalities including multipolarity, chromosome lagging, congression failure and chromosome bridging were also similar between the two groups (P>0.05). This study is the first to compare the incidence of cytoskeletal abnormalities in biopsied and non-biopsied human embryos following vitrification. We conclude that there was no significant difference in the survival rates and the incidence of spindle abnormalities between the two groups.

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Investigation of Silicone Oil Leaching in PDMS Fouling Release Coating by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.842.737 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 842 ◽

pp. 737-741 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zhan Ping Zhang ◽

Yu Hong Qi ◽

Miao Ba ◽

Fu Jie Liu

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Silicone Oil ◽

Marine Organism ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Dibutyltin Dilaurate ◽

Fouling Release ◽

Dimethyl Silicone

The silicone oil leachate in fouling release coatings has very important effect on inhabitting marine organism on ships hull and releasing of biofouling from it. For observing and testifying the leaching phenomenon of silicone oil in PMDS fouling release coating, the coating was designed and prepared consisting of 107 silicone gum, dimethyl silicone oil, tetraethylorthosilicate as crosslinked curing agent, multi-walled carbon nanotube as filler, dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst. The confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) LEXT OLS4000 was used to observe the morphology of the coating and silicone oil leachate. The results indicate that the dimethyl silicone oil can stably exist and distribute uniformly in PDMS coating. Regardless of between the coating and air or and seawater, silicone oil can leach on the interface. Silicone oil not only can leache faster on the interface between seawater and the coating than that between air and it, but also can easily form the continuous oil film because of the gravity of seawater.

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Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy By Remote Access

Microscopy Today ◽

10.1017/s1551929500064798 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 32-33

Author(s):

J.H. Youngblom ◽

J. Wilkinson ◽

J.J. Youngblom

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽

Confocal Microscope ◽

California State University ◽

Remote Access ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

State University ◽

Electron Microscopes

In recent years there have been a growing number of facilities interested in developing remote access capabilities to a variety of microscopy systems. While certain types of microscopes, such as electron microscopes and scanning probe microscopes have been well established for telepresence microscopy, no one has yet reported on the development of similar capabilities for the confocal microscope.At California State University, home to the CSUPERB (California State University Program for Education and Research in Biotechnology) Confocal Microscope Core Facility, we have established a remote access confocal laser scanning microscope facility that allows users with virtually any type of computer platform to connect to our system.

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Sonic Activation Improves Bioceramic Sealer’s Penetration into the Tubular Dentin of Curved Root Canals: A Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Investigation

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11093902 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 3902

Author(s):

Ruth Pérez-Alfayate ◽

Juan Algar-Pinilla ◽

Montse Mercade ◽

Federico Foschi

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Root Canals ◽

Microscopy Investigation ◽

Sonic Activation ◽

Curved Root Canals

Background—The aim was to determine the influence of sonic activation in the tubular dentine penetration of bioceramic sealers. Methods—Forty mesiobuccal curved root canals of mandibular molars with an apical diameter smaller than #30 were prepared, divided into two groups, and filled with EndoSequence BC sealer, with or without sonic activation during its placement. Roots were sectioned at 3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm from the apex, producing a sample size of 120. The samples were evaluated using a confocal laser scanning microscope and comparing these images to the images obtained from an operatory microscope. The percentage of sealer penetration and maximum sealer penetration were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test, where statistical significance was set to p < 0.05. Results—Sonic activation showed higher values for the percentage of sealer penetration when compared at the 9 mm level (p = 0.03). A higher value of maximum sealer penetration was observed at all levels when the sealer was activated. Conclusions—The sonic activation of bioceramic cement resulted in higher sealer penetration into dentinal tubules.

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