scholarly journals Response Surface Methodology for 30 kW PEMFC stack characterization

2022 ◽  
Vol 334 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Eleonora Gadducci ◽  
Stefano Saccaro ◽  
Massimo Rivarolo ◽  
Loredana Magistri
Keyword(s):  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Statistical Investigation ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Reciprocal Influence ◽  
Voltage Variation ◽  
Controllable Factors ◽  
Experimental Management ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
The University

Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier to allow the reach of the zero-emission targets established for the next years. Polymeric Electrolyte Membrane FC are studied inside the HI-SEA laboratory of the University of Genoa, to assess the opportunities of this technology on marine applications. Here, 8 PEMFC stacks, sized 30 kW each for a total power installation of 240 kW, have been tested to draw guidelines for the best system design onboard ships and to deepen the know-how on the experimental management of the technology. During the tests, it was possible to observe the reciprocal influence of some parameters, which may influence the system efficiency. In this work, a statistical investigation is developed to quantify the cell voltage variation correlated to the values of temperature and current. This has been possible thanks to Design Expert (DE), a software developed by Stat-EASE, Inc. Through the Design of Experiment approach, it is possible to evaluate the significance of variables in the FC system, called factors. The experiment under consideration is also characterized by non-controllable factors, cause of disturbances that induce further variability in the response. Eventually, it was possible to analyse the significance of the parameters involved, to build a regression model by performing the analysis of variance with which the significant values are identified, and to assess the presence of outliers.

scholarly journals Perancangan Instalasi Penerangan Pada Gedung Laboratorium Dan Perkuliahan Terpadu Universitas Borneo Tarakan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Aprizulkifli Aprizulkifli ◽  
Sugeng Riyanto
Keyword(s):  
Total Power ◽  
The University

The design of the lighting installation in the Integrated Lecture and Laboratory Building of the University of Borneo Tarakan. Generates a total power of about 31,048 KW with MCCB capacity on the main panel of 150 A. In this building is divided into 3 floors (1, 2 and Top Floor). Each group has its respective power (18,400, 12,328 and 320 Watt) and the nominal currents of each group are (35, 35, and 2 Ampere). The resulting stress loss is 0.4%

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of the Performance and Load Cycling of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Andrea Ramírez-Cruzado ◽  
Blanca Ramírez-Peña ◽  
Rosario Vélez-García ◽  
Alfredo Iranzo ◽  
José Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Load Cycling

In this work, a comprehensive experimental analysis on the performance of a 50 cm2 polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell is presented, including experimental results for a dedicated load cycling test. The harmonized testing protocols defined by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission for automotive applications were followed. With respect to a reference conditions representative of automotive applications, the impact of variations in the cell temperature, reactants pressure, and cathode stoichiometry was analyzed. The results showed that a higher temperature resulted in an increase in cell performance. A higher operating pressure also resulted in higher cell voltages. Higher cathode stoichiometry values negatively affected the cell performance, as relatively dry air was supplied, thus promoting the dry-out of the cell. However, a too low stoichiometry caused a sudden drop in the cell voltage at higher current densities, and also caused significant cell voltage oscillations. No significant cell degradation was observed after the load cycling tests.

In-Situ Measurement in Through-Plane Direction in PEMFC

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Ito ◽  
Sangkun Lee ◽  
Atsushi Yamamoto ◽  
Masaaki Hirano ◽  
Hidetaka Muramatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Water Behavior ◽  
Plane Direction

Water management is a large issue for putting PEMFC to practical use. Appropriate water management enables us to suppress the drying in PEM (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane) and the flooding in GDL (Gas Diffusion Layer), which degrade the performance of PEMFC. Against the background of importance for the water management, we challenged to develop the measurement method to grasp the water behavior in PEMFC. Especially, we focused on through-plane direction measurement, because the through-plane direction in cell has major role for the transport of mass, heat and electric charge in the cell. We developed the three methods to measure the water in cell directly or indirectly: cross sectional cell: micro NMR-sensor array: micro thermocouple array. These three methods successively captured the distribution of the liquid water in GDL, the water content in PEM and the temperature in cell. The data obtained help us to give the possible mechanism of how the water in cell impacted the cell voltage.

scholarly journals Power Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Heavy Workers

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
S Mithun ◽  
N Begum ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
S Ferdousi ◽  
R Tabassum
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
The University ◽  
Sedentary Subjects

Introduction: Sedentary life style deteriorates Cardiac autonomic nervous activities (CANA). Regular physical activity may improve CANA. Objective: Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed by Power Spectral method in heavy workers to find out the influence of regular physical activity on CANA. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out on 30 heavy workers aged 28-50 years (study group), at the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) over a period of 1 year. Simultaneously 30 sedentary workers of high socioeconomic status (group C) were studied to observe the influence of socioeconomic condition on heart rate variability (HRV). For comparison thirty age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and socioeconomic condition matched apparently healthy sedentary subjects (control) were also studied. The study subjects were selected from rickshaw-pullers living in the slum area nearby the university and the controls from fourth class employee of the university. Group C were selected from the doctors serving in the university and some from personal contacts. Total power, low frequency (LF) power, high frequency (HF) power, LF nu (neutralized unit), HF nu and LF/HF ratio were assessed and analyzed by a Polygraph. For statistical analysis, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Independent-samples t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient tests were done. Results: Total power, HF power and HF nu were significantly (p<0.001) higher and LF power, LF nu and LF/HF ratio were significantly (p<0.001) lower in heavy workers than those of sedentary subjects. Total power and HF nu showed positive correlations and LF nu and LF/HF ratio showed negative correlation with duration of works per day but all these correlations were statistically non-significant. Conclusion: Regular physical activity improves cardiac autonomic nerve function status with a cardiac parasympathetic predominance. Key words: Power spectral analysis (PSA); cardiac autonomic nervous activities (CANA); heavy workers; sedentary workers DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i1.8620 JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 7, No 1 (June) 2011; 15-19

scholarly journals Effect of GDM Pairing on PEMFC Performance in Flow-Through and Dead-Ended Anode Mode

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1469
Author(s):  
Yannick Garsany ◽  
Cornelius H. Bancroft ◽  
Robert W. Atkinson III ◽  
Keith Bethune ◽  
Benjamin D. Gould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
And Performance

Asymmetric gas diffusion media (GDM) pairing, which feature distinct GDM at the anode and cathode of the proton electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), enhance water management compared to symmetric pairing of GDM (anode and cathode GDM are identical). An asymmetric pairing of Freudenberg GDM (H24C3 at anode and H23C2 at cathode) reduces ohmic resistances by up to 40% and oxygen transport resistances by 14% en route to 25% higher current density in dry gas flows. The asymmetric GDM pairing effectively hydrates the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) while minimizing liquid water saturation in the cathode compared to a commonly used symmetric GDM pairing of SGL 29BC at the anode and cathode. Superior water management observed with asymmetric GDM in flow-through mode is also realized in dead-ended anode (DEA) mode. Compared to the symmetric GDM pairing, the asymmetric GDM pairing with Freudenberg GDM increases cell voltage at all current densities, extends and stabilizes steady-state voltage behavior, slows voltage decay, and vastly reduces the frequency of anode purge events. These results support that the asymmetric Freudenberg GDM combination renders the PEMFC less prone to anode water saturation and performance loss from the anticipated increase in water back-diffusion during DEA mode operation.

Experimental Study on the Effects of the Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 993-996
Author(s):  
Hong Gun Kim ◽  
Lee Ku Kwac ◽  
Sung Soo Kang ◽  
Young Woo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Catalyst Layers ◽  
Simulation Testing

An experimental study is carried out to investigate the performance and the practical application of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) with the double-tied catalyst layers in a Membrane Electrolyte Assembly (MEA). Characteristics of PEMFC depend highly on the conditions such as gas pressure, temperature, thickness, supplied oxidant type (Oxygen/Air) as well as humidification. They are controlled under the same condition for the comparison of the simulation. Testing condition is fixed at 60sccm and 70°C in anode and cathode, respectively. The humidification about 15% the performance is improved no humidification rather. The current density is increased around 20% significantly when pure oxygen gas is provided as an oxidant. It is found that measured values of unit cell voltage and current are influenced strongly by the type and amount of oxidant, which give more enhanced values in case of oxygen compared to the ambient air as oxidant.

scholarly journals Water Splitting with Enhanced Efficiency Using a Nickel-Based Co-Catalyst at a Cupric Oxide Photocathode

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1363
Author(s):  
Carmelo Lo Vecchio ◽  
Stefano Trocino ◽  
Giosuè Giacoppo ◽  
Orazio Barbera ◽  
Vincenzo Baglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
External Source ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Co Catalysts ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

Homemade non-critical raw materials such as Ni or NiCu co-catalysts were added at the photocathode of a tandem cell, constituted by photoelectrodes made of earth-abundant materials, to generate green solar hydrogen from photoelectrochemical water splitting. Oxygen evolving at the Ti-and-P-doped hematite/TCO-based photoanode and hydrogen at the cupric oxide/GDL-based photocathode are separated by an anion exchange polymer electrolyte membrane placed between them. The effect of the aforementioned co-catalysts was studied in a complete PEC cell in the presence of the ionomer dispersion and the anionic membrane to evaluate their impact under practical conditions. Notably, different amounts of Ni or NiCu co-catalysts were used to improve the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics and the overall solar-to-hydrogen (STH) efficiency of the photoelectrochemical cells. At -0.6 V, in the bias-assisted region, the photocurrent density reaches about 2 mA cm−2 for a cell with 12 µg cm−2 of Ni loading, followed by 1.75 mA cm−2 for the cell configuration based on 8 µg cm−2 of NiCu. For the best-performing cell, enthalpy efficiency at -0.4 V reaches a first maximum value of 2.03%. In contrast, the throughput efficiency, which is a ratio between the power output and the total power input (solar + electric) provided by an external source, calculated at -1.225 V, reaches a maximum of 10.75%. This value is approximately three times higher than the best results obtained in our previous studies without the use of co-catalysts at the photocathode.

Stability Evaluation for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Eletrolyzer

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Gun Kim ◽  
Hee Jae Shin ◽  
Yun Ju Cha ◽  
Sun Ho Ko ◽  
Hyun Woo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Field Plate ◽  
Pem Electrolyzer ◽  
The Cost

Recently, polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers consist of the layered structure of membrane and electrode assembly (MEA), titanium flow field plate, gasket, end plate, and others. Among these components, MEA and titanium flow field plate take account for most of the device cost. The cost and time for manufacturing device can be reduced with the gasket-integrated 3-D mesh-applied PEM electrolyzer (Fig. 3), while maintaining the same performance as that of the existing titanium flow field plate devices. The 3-D mesh is found to perform the roles of the existing flow plate which ensures the smooth fluid flow and uniform power supply. The voltage shows 19.3V at current density (0.5 A/cm2), a little lower than 19.6V that is 10 times of 1.96V which is the average cell voltage at the same current density. In addition, hydrogen production and stability for performance are equal to or higher than that of the device for titanium flow field plate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document