scholarly journals Electronically driven neutrons synthesis-generator with the magneto-optical flow seal

2019 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Mikhail Dolgopolov ◽  
Albina Gurskaya ◽  
Andrey Privalov ◽  
Vitaly Radenko ◽  
Alexandr Radenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Optical Flow ◽  
Neutron Generator ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Theoretical Description ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Plasma Target

We develop the description of a neutron generator construction for the synthesis of light nuclei. The design of the neutron generator with plasma target is given together with a description of the types of nuclear reactions that are implemented in it. The brief theoretical description of the ion multiphase flow in the synthesis generator is considered.

Proposed Solutions to Achieve Nuclear Fusion

Engevista ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1496
Author(s):  
Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu ◽  
Raffaella Aversa ◽  
Antonio Apicella ◽  
Florian Ion Petrescu
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Nuclear Fission ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Fusion Reactions ◽  
Nuclear Fusion Reactions ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Fusion Products

Despite research carried out around the world since the 1950s, no industrial application of fusion to energy production has yet succeeded, apart from nuclear weapons with the H-bomb, since this application does not aims at containing and controlling the reaction produced. There are, however, some other less mediated uses, such as neutron generators. The fusion of light nuclei releases enormous amounts of energy from the attraction between the nucleons due to the strong interaction (nuclear binding energy). Fusion it is with nuclear fission one of the two main types of nuclear reactions applied. The mass of the new atom obtained by the fusion is less than the sum of the masses of the two light atoms. In the process of fusion, part of the mass is transformed into energy in its simplest form: heat. This loss is explained by the Einstein known formula E=mc2. Unlike nuclear fission, the fusion products themselves (mainly helium 4) are not radioactive, but when the reaction is used to emit fast neutrons, they can transform the nuclei that capture them into isotopes that some of them can be radioactive. In order to be able to start and to be maintained with the success the nuclear fusion reactions, it is first necessary to know all this reactions very well. This means that it is necessary to know both the main reactions that may take place in a nuclear reactor and their sense and effects. The main aim is to choose and coupling the most convenient reactions, forcing by technical means for their production in the reactor. Taking into account that there are a multitude of possible variants, it is necessary to consider in advance the solutions that we consider them optimal. The paper takes into account both variants of nuclear fusion, and cold and hot. For each variant will be mentioned the minimum necessary specifications.

EFFECT OF NEGATIVELY-CHARGED MASSIVE PARTICLES ON BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS AND A SOLUTION TO THE LITHIUM PROBLEMS

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (17n20) ◽  
pp. 1668-1674
Author(s):  
MOTOHIKO KUSAKABE ◽  
TOSHITAKA KAJINO ◽  
RICHARD N. BOYD ◽  
TAKASHI YOSHIDA ◽  
GRANT J. MATHEWS
Keyword(s):  
Charged Particle ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis ◽  
Spectroscopic Observations ◽  
Halo Stars ◽  
Wmap Data ◽  
Ionization Processes

Spectroscopic observations of metal poor halo stars give an indication of a possible primordial plateau of 6 Li abundance as a function of metallicity similar to that for 7 Li . The inferred abundance of 6 Li is ~1000 times larger than that predicted by standard big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) for the baryon-to-photon ratio inferred from the WMAP data, and that of 7 Li is about 3 times smaller than the prediction. We study a possible solution to both the problems of underproduction of 6 Li and overproduction of 7 Li in BBN. This solution involves a hypothetical massive, negatively-charged particle that would bind to the light nuclei produced in BBN. The particle gets bound to the existing nuclei after the usual BBN, and a second epoch of nucleosynthesis can occur among nuclei bound to the particles. We numerically carry out a fully dynamical BBN calculation, simultaneously solving the recombination and ionization processes of negatively-charged particles by normal and particle-bound nuclei as well as many possible nuclear reactions among them. It is confirmed that BBN in the presence of these hypothetical particles can solve the two Li abundance problems simultaneously.

scholarly journals The pre-equilibrium and equilibrium double differential cross sections for the nucleons and light nuclei induce nuclear reactions on 27Al nuclei

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (32) ◽  
pp. 77-91
Author(s):  
Maha Taha Idrees
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Differential Cross ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
State Density ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Hole State ◽  
Differential Cross Sections ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Shell Effects ◽  
27Al Target

The pre - equilibrium and equilibrium double differential crosssections are calculated at different energies using Kalbach Systematicapproach in terms of Exciton model with Feshbach, Kerman andKoonin (FKK) statistical theory. The angular distribution of nucleonsand light nuclei on 27Al target nuclei, at emission energy in the centerof mass system, are considered, using the Multistep Compound(MSC) and Multistep Direct (MSD) reactions. The two-componentexciton model with different corrections have been implemented incalculating the particle-hole state density towards calculating thetransition rates of the possible reactions and follow up the calculationthe differential cross-sections, that include MSC and MSD models.The finite well depth, isospin, shell effects, Pauli effect, chargeeffect, pairing, surface, angular and linear momentum distributionscorrections are considered in this work. The nucleons (n and p) andlight nuclei (2D and 3T) have been employed as projectiles at thetarget 27Al nuclei and at different incident energies (4MeV, 14 MeVand 14.8MeV). The results have been compared with the availableexperimental and theoretical published work. The comparisons showan acceptable agreement with the TALAYS code (Tendel 2014) forthe reactions: 27Al (n, n) 27Al, 27Al (p, n) 63Zn, 27Al (p, D) 62Cu, 27Al(p, p) 63Cu and 27Al (p, 4He)60Ni and at different emission energiesand angles.

scholarly journals Applications of Nuclear Techniques, Computer Simulation and Microscopy to Depth Profiling of Light Nuclei

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (S5) ◽  
pp. 83-84
Author(s):  
J. Pacheco de Carvalho ◽  
C. F. R. Pacheco ◽  
A. D. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Depth Profiling ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Target Composition ◽  
Nuclear Techniques ◽  
Surface Analysis Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Destructive

There is a wide range of surface analysis techniques which are, generally, complementary and provide target information for depths near the surface. Nuclear techniques, which are non-destructive, provide for analysis over a few microns close to the surface giving absolute values of concentrations of isotopes and elements. They have been applied in areas such as scientific, technologic, industry, arts and medicine, using MeV ion beams. Nuclear reactions permit tracing of isotopes with high sensitivities. We use ion-ion reactions and the energy analysis method. At a suitable energy of the incident ion beam, an energy spectrum is recorded of ions from the reaction, coming from several depths in the target. Such spectra are computationally predicted, giving target composition and concentration profile information. Elastic scattering is a particular and important case. A computer program has been developed in this context, mainly for flat targets. The non-flat target situation arises as an extension.

DECAY PROPERTIES OF SHORT LIVED RESONANCES OF LIGHT NUCLEI IN MANY-PARTICLE NUCLEAR REACTIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1220-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU. N. PAVLENKO ◽  
V. N. DOBRIKOV ◽  
N. L. DOROSHKO ◽  
O. K. GORPINICH ◽  
T. A. KORZINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excitation Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Coulomb Field ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Final State ◽  
Resonance Parameters ◽  
Decay Properties ◽  
Unbound States ◽  
Decay Threshold

The decay properties of nuclear unbound states formed in the reactions with three particles in the final state are reviewed. The modification of resonance parameters observed in these reactions and caused by the influence of the Coulomb field of accompanied particles is analyzed for the resonances with excitation energy near and far from the decay threshold.

AB INITIO NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND NUCLEAR REACTIONS IN LIGHT NUCLEI

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETR NAVRÁTIL
Keyword(s):  
Ab Initio ◽  
Shell Model ◽  
Nuclear Reaction ◽  
Nuclear Structure ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Ab Initio Methods ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Nucleon Interactions

There has been significant progress in the ab initio approaches to the structure of light nuclei. One such method is the ab initio no-core shell model (NCSM). Starting from the realistic two- and three-nucleon interactions, this method can predict the low-lying levels in p-shell nuclei. It is a challenging task to extend the ab initio methods to describe nuclear reactions. In this contribution, we present a brief overview of the NCSM with examples of recent applications as well as the first steps taken toward nuclear reaction applications.

scholarly journals NUCLEAR MEAN-FIELD DESCRIPTION OF PROTON ELASTIC SCATTERING BY 12,13 C AT LOW ENERGIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Nhut Phan
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Nuclear Astrophysics ◽  
Nucleon Nucleon ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Intermediate Energies ◽  
Proton Elastic Scattering ◽  
Low Energies

Nuclear reactions of proton by light nuclei at low energies play a key role in the study ofnucleosynthesis which is of interest in nuclear astrophysics. The most fundamental process whichis very necessary is the elastic scattering. In this work, we construct a microscopic proton-nucleuspotential in order to describe the differential cross-sections over scattering angles of the protonelastic scattering by 12C and 13C in the range of available energies 14 - 22 MeV. The microscopicoptical potential is based on the folding model using the effective nucleon-nucleon interactionCDM3Yn. The results show the promising use of the CDM3Yn interactions at low and very lowenergies, which were originally used for nuclear reactions at intermediate energies. This could bethe premise for the study of nuclear reactions using CDM3Yn interaction in astrophysics at lowenergies.

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of Fusion Cross Section of (_^16)O+(_^16)O by Using The Modified Glas-Mosel Formula

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Yacobus Yulianto ◽  
Zaki Su'ud
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Fusion Reaction ◽  
Fusion Cross Section ◽  
Reaction Cross ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Numerical Process

<p class="paragrafabstract">One of the interesting topics in nuclear reactions is a study about reaction cross section between the interacting nuclei. For calculating fusion cross section, the Glas-Mosel formula has been proven successfully in explaining the experimental results of fusion cross section. In this study, the fusion cross sections of O16+O16 reaction were calculated by using modified Glas-Mosel formula. The energies were set at 10≤𝐸≤40 MeV. The potential of interacting nuclei was approached by using Woods-Saxon potential. In numerical process, the differential equations were solved by using finite different method and optimization process was performed by using Nelder-Mead method. Good agreement between the experimental and this study results has been achieved successfully. Referring those results above, it can be indicated that the modified Glas-Mosel formula has good capability to explain the experimental results of fusion reaction of light nuclei. It can be a useful tool in explaining the experimental results or in predicting fusion cross section of light nuclei.</p>

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