Horizontal axis hydrometric current meter with reference to the french experience. What future for this technique?

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
C. Perret ◽  
C. Lallement ◽  
A. Belleville
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Measurement Technique ◽  
North American ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
French Experience

According to the results of a survey conducted in 2017 amongst hydrometric network operators in France, Luxembourg, Switzerland and Wallonia, 25% of their gauging activity is carried out using horizontal-axis current meters. As this measurement technique is still in use, the authors considered it useful to assemble a bibliographic overview which summarizes (i) the evolution of the horizontal-axis current meter (ii) the alternative North American choice of vertical-axis technology (iii) the principles for calibrating these devices and their evolution (iv) a review of case studies on influential factors (v) developments in the techniques for implementing these current meters. In conclusion, some of the reasons for retaining this type of equipment in the expertise toolbox of hydrometric network operators are briefly presented in this article. The authors have, as far as possible, sought to portray the French practice in relation to those of other countries. This is used to illustrate the wide array of inputs from each player and the development of the French practice compared to that of the international world of hydrometry.

Three‐component sonde orientation in a deviated well

Geophysics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1386-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Becquey ◽  
M. Dubesset
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Orthogonal Coordinate System ◽  
Coordinate Rotation ◽  
Orthogonal Components ◽  
Particle Velocities

In well seismics, when operating with a three‐component tool, particle velocities are measured in the sonde coordinate system but are often needed in other systems (e.g., source‐bound or geographic). When the well is vertical, a change from the three orthogonal components of the sonde to another orthogonal coordinate system can be performed through one rotation around the vertical axis and, if necessary, another one around a horizontal axis (Hardage, 1983). If the well is deviated, the change of coordinate system remains easy in the case when the source is located at the vertical of the sonde, or in the case when the source stands in the vertical plane defined by the local well axis. In the general case (offset VSPs or walkaways) or when looking for unknown sources (such as microseismic emissions induced by hydraulic fracturing), coordinate rotation may still be performed, provided that we first get back to a situation in which one of the axes is vertical.

scholarly journals Development of wireless vertical bar spinner combat robot

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Amirul Syafiq Sadun ◽  
Jamaludin Jalani ◽  
Suziana Ahmad ◽  
Amiera Saryati Sadun ◽  
Sumaiya Mashori
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Robot Design ◽  
Performance Requirement ◽  
Science Centre ◽  
National Science ◽  
And Performance

Recently, combat robot competition has become one of the most famous engineering competitions among schools and universities. The robots are usually built with a destructive weapon, which can immobilize or disable opponent’s robot and win the match. Despite the variety of robot design and concept, the trend has shown that most of the local contestant tend to design a horizontal axis weapon type. In this project, a wireless vertical axis bar spinner combat robot is designed and developed for the 3rd Malaysia Combat Robot Competition which was held at National Science Centre (PSN) in 2017. The robot is controlled using radio control (RC) and powered by a highly discharge 22.2V Lithium Polymer (LiPo) chemical battery. Furthermore, related analysis has been conducted to meet the design and performance requirement of the competition. With the DC brush motor and thick metal bar rotating in vertical axis, the robot has proven to produce high power, torque and speed during the competition.

Woolfian Afterlives

2021 ◽  
pp. 621-640
Author(s):  
Laura Smith
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
North American ◽  
International Study ◽  
Landscape Painting ◽  
American Opera ◽  
Judy Chicago ◽  
Dominick Argento

This chapter explores Virginia Woolf’s catalysing role for artists working in non-verbal media, including the visual arts, music, dance, and design. An analysis of Woolf’s impact beyond the medium of her writing allows for a trans-historic and international study of her legacy, charting her influence from, for example, landscape painting in Cornwall to Japanese Butoh; and from North American opera to the Ballet Russes. The chapter will trace many of the vital and fluid connections between Woolf, her contemporaries, and those whose work she has inspired. In the visual arts, case studies include: Sara Barker, Vanessa Bell, Dora Carrington, Judy Chicago, Aleana Egan, Rebecca Horn, Laura Owens, and Patti Smith. The music of Edith Sitwell, Ethel Smyth, Dominick Argento, Indigo Girls, The Smiths, and Patrick Wolf is discussed alongside dance by Lydia Lopokova, Wayne McGregor, and Setsuko Yamada.

Promoting Critical Thinking in Virtual Teams

2014 ◽  
pp. 303-326
Author(s):  
Francesco Sofo ◽  
Michelle Sofo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Virtual Teams ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Student Characteristics ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Virtual Teamwork

This chapter aims to raise awareness in leaders and practitioners on how critical thinking is embedded within the performance of virtual teams. The increasingly important nexus between critical thinking and team performance is demonstrated within the specific context of the virtual environment. The chapter is interspersed with brief case studies that demonstrate some of the experiences of Australian-based higher education staff in their efforts to incorporate both critical thinking and virtual teamwork into their pedagogy. A framework of success factors and challenges inherent to virtual teams and critical thinking is provided, which covers five influential factors: technology, student characteristics, educator characteristics, social aspects, and team dynamics. The chapter concludes with some directions for future research.

Case Studies of North American University Performance in Technology Transfer and Commercialization

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-51
Author(s):  
Alan Collier ◽  
Fang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
North American ◽  
University President ◽  
American University ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
University Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
Ability And Willingness

This chapter reports on case studies of four North American universities engaged in technology transfer and commercialization. The literature and case studies permitted an understanding of the characteristics possessed by universities and university technology transfer offices that appear to be successful in technology transfer and commercialization. Fourteen characteristics, or institutional enablers, are identified and analyzed in order to determine which among these characteristics have greater influence in the success of technology transfer offices. The chapter concludes that universities with superior-performing technology transfer offices possess two factors in common. First, the university President and other executives concerned in commercialization have to believe in it and make a genuine commitment to its success. Second, the technology transfer office has to be led by an individual who possesses several attributes: the ability and willingness to work within the university structure; the ability to be both an entrepreneur and a manager; the ability to see what is happening in technology transfer and commercialization as it evolves and matures; and to be a leader of people and business.

Measurement of the Shortening Effect on the Perceived Path of Stroboscopic Movement

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 288-288
Author(s):  
S Nozawa
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Optimal Frequency ◽  
Stimulus Line ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Parallel Motion ◽  
Axis I

When two vertical short lines are alternately flashed at certain SOAs, a shortening of the apparent path of the stroboscopic movement is perceived. In the experiments reported here, factors influencing the shortening effect were studied with lines created on a CRT display. Experiment 1 was designed to study the effect of SOA. Each stimulus line was always presented for 100 ms, but intervals were varied in the range from 25 to 800 ms. With short and long SOAs almost no shortening illusion was observed, whereas the SOA for optimal stroboscopic motion (200 ms) also produced the largest illusion (ca 16%). This agrees with the classic study by Scholz (1924 Psychologische Forschung5 219 – 272) who found the largest illusion (25%) at the optimal frequency for stroboscopic motion. Experiment 2 dealt with the effect of inversions (I), mirror reflections (M), and rotations (R) of the line during the stroboscopic movement (see Kolars and Pomerantz, 1971 Journal of Experimental Psychology87 99 – 108). The particular movements were signalled by means of a short horizontal line added to one end of each of the two vertical lines of experiment 1. The configurations were (1), signifying parallel motion in one plane; (2), locomotion with rotation around the vertical axis (M); (3), locomotion with rotation around the horizontal axis (I); and (4), locomotion with rotation in the plane of the display (R). In all these conditions, the shortening illusion was significantly larger than in experiment 1. The differences between the four conditions were not statistically significant, but the illusion under condition (1) seemed smaller than in the other three conditions. With SOAs for optimal stroboscopic motion, ‘rotation’ paths tended to appear three-dimensional.

scholarly journals SAT: A Software for Assessing the Risk of Desertification in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Martínez-Valderrama ◽  
Javier Ibáñez ◽  
Francisco J. Alcalá ◽  
Silvio Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Global Environmental Issue ◽  
System A ◽  
Global Environmental

Desertification is a major global environmental issue exacerbated by climate change. Strategies to combat desertification include prevention which seeks to reverse the process before the system reaches the stable desertified state. One of these initiatives is to implement early warning tools. This paper presents SAT (the Spanish acronym for Early Warning System), a decision support system (DSS), for assessing the risk of desertification in Spain, where 20% of the land has already been desertified and 1% is in active degradation. SAT relies on three versions of a Generic Desertification Model (GDM) that integrates economics and ecology under the predator-prey paradigm. The models have been programmed using Vensim, a type of software used to build and simulate System Dynamics (SD) models. Through Visual Basic programming, these models are operated from the Excel environment. In addition to the basic simulation exercises, specially designed tools have been coupled to assess the risk of desertification and determine the ranking of the most influential factors of the process. The users targeted by SAT are government land-use planners as well as desertification experts. SAT tool is implemented for five case studies, each one of them representing a desertification syndrome identified in Spain. Given the general nature of the tool and the fact that all United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) signatory countries are committed to developing their National Plans to Combat Desertification (NPCD), SAT could be exported to regions threatened by desertification and expanded to cover more case studies.

scholarly journals Analysing non-coaxial folding effects in the Small Circle Intersection method

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (2) ◽  
pp. 940-955
Author(s):  
P Calvín ◽  
E L Pueyo ◽  
M J Ramón ◽  
A M Casas-Sainz ◽  
J J Villalaín
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Axis ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Small Circle ◽  
The One ◽  
Mathematical Relationships ◽  
Intersection Method ◽  
Simple Models

SUMMARY The Small Circle (SC) tools analyse the stereographic tracks (small circles) followed by the palaeomagnetic vectors during folding processes. Working with interfolding and synfolding remagnetizations, the Small Circle Intersection (SCI) method allows finding the best solution of grouping that should correspond with the remagnetization direction. Once this is known, it is possible to determine the magnetization age as well as the degree of bed tilting at this moment. The SC tools are based on some assumptions, among which the coaxiality between the different deformation events is the one addressed in this work (i.e. absence of vertical axis rotations, VARs, or differential horizontal axis rotations, dHARs). This assumption is based on the necessity of knowing the rotation axis for folding after the acquisition of the remagnetization, and SC tools consider the bedding strike as this axis, something that is only accomplished under coaxial folding. In order to explore how non-coaxiality affects the solutions derived from the SC methods, we first (i) identify the variables that control these errors through simple models that only consider two theoretical palaeomagnetic sites, after that it is possible (ii) to derive the mathematical relationships between them. Finally, we (iii) simulate errors derived from the use of SC tools using a population of 30 palaeomagnetic sites recreating different possible scenarios with VARs and dHARs in nature.

scholarly journals Comparison of horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.13) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhd Khudri Johari ◽  
Muhammad Azim A Jalil ◽  
Mohammad Faizal Mohd Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
And Performance

As the demand for green technology is rising rapidly worldwide, it is important that Malaysian researchers take advantage of Malaysia’s windy climates and areas to initiate more power generation projects using wind. The main objectives of this study are to build a functional wind turbine and to compare the performance of two types of design for wind turbine under different speeds and behaviours of the wind. A three-blade horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and a Darrieus-type vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) have been designed with CATIA software and constructed using a 3D-printing method. Both wind turbines have undergone series of tests before the voltage and current output from the wind turbines are collected. The result of the test is used to compare the performance of both wind turbines that will imply which design has the best efficiency and performance for Malaysia’s tropical climate. While HAWT can generate higher voltage (up to 8.99 V at one point), it decreases back to 0 V when the wind angle changes. VAWT, however, can generate lower voltage (1.4 V) but changes in the wind angle does not affect its voltage output at all. The analysis has proven that VAWT is significantly more efficient to be built and utilized for Malaysia’s tropical and windy climates. This is also an initiative project to gauge the possibility of building wind turbines, which could be built on the extensive and windy areas surrounding Malaysian airports.  

Development and Application of a Simulation Tool for Vertical and Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marten ◽  
Juliane Wendler ◽  
Georgios Pechlivanoglou ◽  
Christian Navid Nayeri ◽  
Christian Oliver Paschereit
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
First Case ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines ◽  
Lift And Drag ◽  
The Impact

A double-multiple-streamtube vertical axis wind turbine simulation and design module has been integrated within the open-source wind turbine simulator QBlade. QBlade also contains the XFOIL airfoil analysis functionalities, which makes the software a single tool that comprises all functionality needed for the design and simulation of vertical or horizontal axis wind turbines. The functionality includes two dimensional airfoil design and analysis, lift and drag polar extrapolation, rotor blade design and wind turbine performance simulation. The QBlade software also inherits a generator module, pitch and rotational speed controllers, geometry export functionality and the simulation of rotor characteristics maps. Besides that, QBlade serves as a tool to compare different blade designs and their performance and to thoroughly investigate the distribution of all relevant variables along the rotor in an included post processor. The benefits of this code will be illustrated with two different case studies. The first case deals with the effect of stall delaying vortex generators on a vertical axis wind turbine rotor. The second case outlines the impact of helical blades and blade number on the time varying loads of a vertical axis wind turbine.

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