scholarly journals Numerical limit analysis of the ultimate load bearing capacity of a pier foundation under complex load

2019 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 02018
Author(s):  
H F Wang ◽  
X H Cheng

A pier foundation has plenty of advantages as the foundation form for large onshore wind turbines in the terrain of the Gobi desert and collapsible loess areas. The ultimate load bearing capacity design, as an important part in the design phase of this foundation form, is not sufficiently in terms of design theory and the checking method, especially for application in collapsible loess areas. In this paper, numerical limit analysis has been employed to analyze the load bearing capacity for the scheme of selection of a pier foundation of a 100 MW wind farm in certain collapsible loess geology in Ningxia. The results were then compared with the empirical formulas, the limit equilibrium solutions and the finite element solutions to verify the accuracy of the results. It has been demonstrated that under the ultimate engineering load, the pier foundation can meet the stability requirement. In the ultimate state, whether the surrounding soil of the foundation falls in plasticity is associated with the ratio of the depth to the diameter of the foundation. The numerical limit analysis method can automatically determine the failure surface.

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-518
Author(s):  
Juan Han ◽  
Lu Zhu ◽  
Hai Fang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Peng Wu

Abstract This article proposed an innovative composite sandwich structure reinforced with trapezoidal latticed webs with angles of 45°, 60° and 75°. Four specimens were conducted according to quasi-static compression methods to investigate the compressive behavior of the novel composite structures. The experimental results indicated that the specimen with 45° trapezoidal latticed webs showed the most excellent energy absorption ability, which was about 2.5 times of the structures with vertical latticed webs. Compared to the traditional composite sandwich structure, the elastic displacement and ultimate load-bearing capacity of the specimen with 45° trapezoidal latticed webs were increased by 624.1 and 439.8%, respectively. Numerical analysis of the composite sandwich structures was carried out by using a nonlinear explicit finite element (FE) software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The influence of the thickness of face sheets, lattice webs and foam density on the elastic ultimate load-bearing capacity, the elastic displacement and initial stiffness was analyzed. This innovative composite bumper device for bridge pier protection against ship collision was simulated to verify its performance. The results showed that the peak impact force of the composite anti-collision device with 45° trapezoidal latticed webs would be reduced by 17.3%, and the time duration will be prolonged by about 31.1%.


Author(s):  
Risa Fujinaga ◽  
Tatsumasa Kaita ◽  
Ryoko Koyama ◽  
Tsutomu Imai ◽  
Katashi Fujii

The load bearing capacity of an existing corroded pony truss bridge, which is used for 100 years was estimated from FEM results for whole bridge model. The beam element model is to clarify that the influence of the residual out-of-plane deformation in main truss structures on the load bearing capacity from the viewpoint of whole bridge. Also, shell element model is to clarify that the influence of severe corrosion damages occurred in many structural members on the load bearing capacity as whole bridge. On the other hand, the influence of assumed support conditions in analytical models were discussed from the analytical results of both type of models, because it will be thought that the performance of shoes deteriorates gradually by long in-service period. The ultimate load bearing capacity was estimated by the critical live load magnification. From the analytical results, the residual out-of-plane deformation of main truss structures in this bridge had little influence on the ultimate load bearing capacity. Also, the ultimate load bearing capacity may decrease up to 20% due to aging deterioration of shoes including corrosion damages. In bridge maintenance, it should be paid attention on local severe corrosion damages on the structural member, which may occur higher secondary stress.


2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Sagar Jaiswal ◽  
Vinay Bhushan Chauhan

Abstract The use of geosynthetic reinforcement to enhance the ultimate load-bearing capacity and reduce the anticipated settlement of the shallow foundation has gained sufficient attention in the geotechnical field. The improved performance of the shallow foundation is achieved by providing one or more layers of geosynthetics below the foundation. The full wraparound technique proved to be efficient for the confinement of soil mass and reduction in settlement of foundation however lacks the literature to ascertain the performances of such footing under dynamic loading. In view of the above, the present study examines the effect of geosynthetic layers having a finite length with full wraparound ends as a reinforcement layer, placed horizontally at a suitable depth below the foundation using the finite element modeling (FEM) and evaluates the ultimate load-bearing capacity of a strip footing resting on loose and dense coarse-grained earth beds under seismic loading and further compared to those of footing resting on unreinforced earth bed. Moreover, the effect of horizontal seismic acceleration coefficient (kh) on the ultimate load-bearing capacity has been investigated by varying kh from 0.1 to 0.6 at an interval of 0.1, for both reinforced and unreinforced earth bed having loose and dense soil strata. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that by adopting the new practice of using the geosynthetic reinforcement with the full wraparound ends in foundations, it is possible to support relatively heavier structures under static as well as dynamic loading without allowing large footing settlements. From the outcomes of the present study, it is noted that the ultimate load-bearing capacity of footing resting on loose and dense sand bed found to be improved by 60% and 18% for soils having friction angle of 25° and 40°, respectively compared to respective unreinforced earth beds under static condition.


2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 2240-2246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hua Li ◽  
Yue Feng Tang ◽  
Ming Zhe Liu

This paper provided three test data pertaining to the mechanical properties of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) eccentric columns after exposure to fire and one comparative test data pertaining to the mechanical properties of steel reinforced concrete columns at room temperature. The influence of eccentricity on failure mode, distortion performance and ultimate load bearing capacity are mainly studied. Test results show that the failure modes of steel reinforced concrete eccentric columns after exposure to fire are similar to that at room temperature. Strain along the section height at mid-span section of eccentric columns before loaded to 90% ultimate load bearing capacity is linearly distributed and well agree with the plane section supposition. After exposure to fire, the flexural rigidity and load bearing capacity of specimens are all declined compared with that at normal temperature. In various loading stages from the initial loading to 80% ultimate strength, the ratio of flexural rigidity of SRC eccentric columns after exposure to fire and at normal temperature is ranged from 0.30 to 0.59. With the same concrete strength and heating condition, the ultimate strength of specimens decreases with the increasing of eccentricity. The ultimate bearing capacity of all specimens at normal room temperature is calculated on the method proposed by Chinese regulation JGJ 138-2001. The compared results of experimental values and calculating values show that the residual load bearing capacity of SRC eccentric columns after exposure to fire is about 69% to 81% of that at room temperature.


2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-79
Author(s):  
Junqing Hong ◽  
Shaofeng Zhang ◽  
Hai Fang ◽  
Xunqian Xu ◽  
Honglei Xie ◽  
...  

Abstract The performance of textile reinforced concrete composite panels (TRCCPs) under the action of pseudo-static load up to collapse was evaluated. The test of TRCCPs under axial and transverse loading was conducted, and the results were compared with those for steel wire mesh reinforced-concrete composite panels (SMRCCPs). Ceram-site concrete was utilized as the panel matrix owing to its lightweight and insulation characteristics. The ultimate load bearing capacity, load-deformation and load-strain relationships, and failure modes were discussed and investigated in comparison with the findings of non-linear finite-element-model (FEM) analysis and the analytic method on the basis of the reinforced concrete (RC) theory. The analysis results indicate that TRCCP is suitable for use as a potential structural member for a wall or slab system of buildings, and the typical RC theory can be applied to predict the ultimate load bearing capacity if modified suitably.


2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 5122-5127
Author(s):  
Jia Feng Xu ◽  
Ming Zhe Liu ◽  
Yue Feng Tang

This paper provided three test data pertaining to the mechanical properties of reinforced concrete columns after exposure to ISO834 standard fire and three comparative test data pertaining to the mechanical properties of reinforced concrete columns at room temperature, mainly concerning the influence of fire on failure mode, distortion performance and ultimate load bearing capacity of reinforced concrete columns under axial and eccentric compression. Test results show that the failure mode of reinforced concrete columns after exposure to fire is basically same with that at room temperature. With the same concrete strength and heating condition, the bearing capacity of specimens reduces as the eccentricity increases. Strain along the section height of eccentric columns after fire basically agree with the plane section supposition while the flexural rigidity and ultimate load bearing capacity decreases obviously. The residual load bearing capacity of reinforced concrete columns after exposure to fire is only about 25% to 37% of that at room temperature.


2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 765-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Xu ◽  
Xiao Nong Guo ◽  
Yong Feng Luo

The application of Aluminum alloy T-stub joints has been found widely in China recently, while the research achievements of the joint are far from adequate for design. This paper is focused on the ultimate load-bearing capacity of aluminum alloy T-stub joints. On the basis of Kulak prying model, formulas for calculating ultimate load-bearing capacity, considering four types of failure modes, are derived. The numerical simulation is carried out by means of ABAQUS FEA. Numerical results are verified by comparing with previous results obtained from experimental analysis. A parametric analysis is performed to investigate the influence of several geometrical parameters on the behavior of aluminum alloy T-stub joints including failure modes, ultimate load-bearing capacity and effective length of flanges. These numerical results are also compared with those calculated by relevant formulas in EC9.


Author(s):  
V. Kravtsov

The article discusses modern practical approaches to the calculation of pile bases, gives the actual picture of their deformation and loss of stability under the influence of vertical pressing/ pulling loads. It is stated that the currently used methods for assessing the load-bearing capacity and stability of the pile base (theoretical, engineering-practical, numerical), based on simplified idealized models, the theory of solid body elasticity, do not correspond to the actual state, properties and behaviour of dispersed soils under load. This greatly reduces the reliability of the results obtained for them (the difference between the calculated and experimental data reaches 100 %), and therefore they need to be clarified. Therefore, the aim of this work is to improve the accuracy and reliability of calculation methods by taking into account the actual operation of piles in the ground and its properties. Analysis of experimental data showed that the loss of stability of the pile base at the stage of exhaustion of its load-bearing capacity well corresponds to the assumptions and principles adopted in the theory of ultimate soil equilibrium. In this regard, the article offers a theoretical solution that develops the provisions of the theory of the ultimate stress state of soils in relation to the assessment of the bearing capacity and stability of the Foundation of piles. The solution is obtained for the condition of a flat problem when loading a multi-layer base of a pile with a vertical pressing force. In the design scheme, the following basic assumptions are made: - the loss of stability of the pile base occurs as a result of shifts on the sliding surface of an undisturbed volume of soil in the form of a truncated cone, including the pile, relative to stationary soil; - sliding surfaces have constant faces close to rectilinear, which are rigidly oriented in space by angles of inclination to the vertical-βi, along the length of the trunk, and αi-to the horizontal, at the level of the end of the pile; - the maximum normative load on the pile is determined under the condition of the maximum ordinate of the development of the limit equilibrium region zmax = 0.25d, which corresponds to the critical draft sкр ≤ ξ su.. The proposed theoretical solution can be used to develop methods for assessing the load-bearing capacity and stability of both finished and Packed piles of various types, for which partial coefficients of the working condition are established, depending on their parameters, soil properties and manufacturing method. В статье рассматриваются современные практические подходы к расчету оснований свай, даны фактическая картина их деформирования и потери устойчивости при воздействии вертикальной вдавливающей/выдергивающей нагрузки. Констатируется, что используемые в настоящее время методы оценки несущей способности и устойчивости основания свай (теоретические, инженерно-практические, численные), построенные на упрощенных идеализированных моделях, теории упругости твердого тела, не соответствуют фактическому состоянию, свойствам и поведению дисперсных грунтов под нагрузкой. Это сильно снижает достоверность полученных по ним результатов (разница между рассчитанными и опытными данными достигает 100 %), в связи с чем они требуют уточнения. Поэтому целью работы является повышение точности и надежности расчетных методов посредством учета фактической работы свай в грунте и его свойств. Анализ опытных данных показал, что потеря устойчивости основания свай на стадии исчерпания его несущей способности хорошо соответствует допущениям и принципам, принятым в теории предельного равновесия грунтов. В связи с этим в статье предложено теоретическое решение, развивающее положения теории предельного напряженного состояния грунтов применительно к оценке несущей способности и устойчивости основания свай. Решение получено для условия плоской задачи при нагружении многослойного основания сваи вертикальной вдавливающей силой. В расчетной схеме приняты следующие основные допущения: - потеря устойчивости основания сваи происходит в результате сдвигов по поверхности скольжения ненарушенного объема грунта в форме усеченного конуса, включающего сваю, относительно неподвижного грунта; - поверхности скольжения имеют постоянные близкие к прямолинейным грани, жестко ориентированные в пространстве углами наклона к вертикали – βi, по длине ствола, и αi – к горизонтали, в уровне конца сваи; - предельная нормативная нагрузка на сваю определяется при максимальной ординате развития области предельного равновесия zmax = 0,25d, что соответствует критической осадке sкр ≤ ξ su. Предложенное теоретическое решение может быть применено для разработки методов оценки несущей способности и устойчивости как готовых, так и набивных свай различных типов, для которых установлены частные коэффициенты условия работы, зависящие от их параметров свойств грунтов и способа изготовления.


2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulius Kavaliauskas ◽  
Audronis Kazimieras Kvedaras ◽  
Balys Valiūnas

The purpose of this paper is to adopt the Johansen's yielding theory as a possibility to predict the ultimate load for timber‐to‐concrete joints using self‐tapping threaded connectors screwed at an angle into the wood. The ultimate load‐bearing capacity of a single connector is predicted to be when either the stresses in the wood reach the plastic failure stress level or when a combination of plastic failure in wood and dowel is attained. K. W. Johansen assumed that no axial tension occurred in the dowel and, thus no frictional contribution affected the lateral load‐bearing capacity. However, the joints with inclined fasteners are first affected by tension load, so the withdrawal capacity of the screws has to be taken into account. In order to determine the load bearing capacity for specific connector geometry, the kinematical possible failure modes are determined. The screw in the concrete part of connection was taken as rigidly embedded and thus no deformations appeared. The study showed that the load‐bearing capacity for connections with inclined high tensile strength screws can be predicted using the yielding theory, but this theory was unable to predict precisely the failure mode. Possible reasons for that include limited fastener ductility and influence of the screw inclination on the strength properties of timber.


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