scholarly journals Uncertainty and Managers’ skills in Industrial Innovation Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Arik Sadeh ◽  
Cristina Feniser

In the manufacturing industry, there is a strive for innovative processes. This study puts the focus on the successful implementation of innovation projects in the manufacturing industry. The study identifies the interrelationships between two dimensions: management skills and change management of innovation projects implemented in an industrial organization and technological uncertainty. Innovation can be achieved through small steps (incremental innovation), i.e., minor improvements to current products, services, processes, and business models. The necessary skills for successful organizational change and how managers can acquire them are provided. The literature review dedicated to this subject emphasizes the relationship between an innovation project’s success and managers’ skills within the industrial organization. In this study, we have narrowed this dimension to the manager’s communication abilities. The data analysed were collected from Israel and Romania. We want to analyse the role human resources departments manage skills acquisition in the organisation, as well as the role of manager’s communication skills in innovative cases. The data from 275 Israeli project managers, mainly from innovative projects, was collected using a validated questionnaire. Data from Romanian 48 industrial companies was collected using questionnaires distributed to 67 managers from all hierarchical levels. We found that management skills are correlated with innovation and its success; communication skills are acquired through non-formal learning methods. The skills of managers are highly correlated with success, especially under high levels of technological uncertainty.

Author(s):  
Nataliya Ryvak ◽  
Anna Kernytska

In this paper, digital technologies development was analyzed as the basis for the so-called “fourth industrial revolution” with the potential for the qualitative transformation of the Ukrainian economy based on EU countries’ experience. Industry 4.0 is a new control chain over the entire chain of creating value throughout the product lifecycle. When developing an economic policy, it is important to pay attention to Industry 4.0. It increases productivity, produces new, better, and individualized products, and implements new business models based on “undermining” innovations. A comparative analysis of national initiatives I4.0 with their characteristics according to the main dimensions, including funding, focus, direction, was conducted. Particular attention was paid to considering deterrents to the successful implementation and enforcement of the I4.0 initiative in European countries. The factors of successful implementation of I4.0 initiatives in the EU countries were analyzed. Drawing on the analysis of the European experience of digital transformations in industry and national economies in general, the necessity of critical focus of such transformations in Ukraine was highlighted, and the need for state support of industrial transformation was substantiated. The emphasis was placed on the cooperation development between stakeholders within the implementation of Industry 4.0 – it is necessary to create national and regional 4.0 platforms, following the example of EU countries, which would bring together government institutions, businesses, and academics. The successful positioning of the Ukrainian modern industrial complex on the world markets depends on the high level of the interconnected system providing factors that characterize its development process. Considering the influence of a list of inhibiting factors on implementing the country’s industry accelerated development, a set of measures needed to transform Ukraine’s industry based on European experience was substantiated.


Author(s):  
Marco Cucculelli ◽  
Ivano Dileo ◽  
Marco Pini

AbstractWe examine whether the probability of innovating a company’s business model towards the Industry 4.0 paradigm is affected by external institutional support and family leadership. Industry 4.0 is the information-intensive transformation of global manufacturing enabled by Internet technologies aimed at reinventing products and services from design and engineering to manufacturing. Using a sample of 3000 firms from a corporate survey on the manufacturing industry in Italy, our results showed that family leadership has a significant positive influence on the adoption of Industry 4.0 business models, but only in terms of family ownership. By contrast, family management has a negative influence on the probability of adopting a new business model. However, this negative influence is almost totally offset by the presence of the Triple Helix, i.e. the external support by public institutions and universities, which counterbalances the lower propensity of family managers to adopt Industry 4.0 business models. This supporting role only occurs when institutions and universities act together.


Author(s):  
GERARDO E BOZOVICH ◽  
FRANCISCO KLEIN

Introduction: Medical errors are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitals worldwide. Poor teamwork and communication skills rather than lack of technical knowledge have been identified as a common factor in numerous studies. Objective: To promote a safer medical practice through the adoption of Crew Resource Management (CRM) procedures directly adapted from the aviation industry for the first time in Argentina. Methods: Starting in 2009 we organized a hybrid team of two physicians/amateur aviators and two expert airline pilots with a significant background on safety analysis and CRM training . The setting for the initial experience was a teaching hospital with high volume cardiovascular and organ transplantation departments. CRM training has been offered at least once a year in a non compulsory manner to the entire spectrum of healthcare personnel, including medical and nursing students. Courses are structured in two day sessions divided in several chapters and workshops: Introduction, statistics, leadership, communication skills, and avoidance of risky behaviors. Slides, full text articles and reports are available for permanent consultation by personnel along with discussion forums at the Moodle based site of the program. Results: Satisfaction levels among attendees has consistently averaged 92%. Following training, briefings and debriefings have been implemented as standard procedures along with checklists both at Intensive Care, Operating Rooms and General Ward. No wrong side or wrong patient interventions have been reported over 3 years, while in 1/9500 surgical procedures a misidentification of a patient occurred with successful detection at the second crossed check on admission to the OR. Overdosing was reported in 1 every 4960 admissions, none fatal or disabling. Conclusions: Choosing a hybrid team of physicians and airline pilots rather than physicians or nurses alone as facilitators was a key factor to spark interest in teamwork factors and to avoid fear of punishment following reports. Despite cultural differences, CRM can be as feasible and successful in a Latin American hospital environment as previously shown in several centers in the United States.


Author(s):  
Khalid Mustafa ◽  
Kai Cheng

Increasing manufacturing complexity continues to be one of the most significant challenges facing the manufacturing industry today. Due to these rapid changes in manufacturing systems, one of the most important factors affecting production is recognized as the frequent production setup or changeovers, consequently affecting the overall production lead times and competitiveness of the company. Developing responsive production setup and process capability is increasingly important as product ranges and varieties in manufacturing companies are growing rapidly and, at the same time, production business models are operating more towards being customer-oriented. Furthermore, although different conventional methods have been used to manage complexity in production changeovers, sustainability and competitiveness development in a manufacturing company needs to be scientifically addressed by managing manufacturing complexity. In this paper, a sustainable manufacturing-oriented approach is presented in mind of managing manufacturing changeover complexities. A case study is carried out specifically concerning changeover complexity in a pharmaceutical company, aiming at minimizing complexities in production changeover and waste, increasing plant flexibility and productivity, and ultimately the sustainable competitiveness of the company in managing manufacturing changes.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
Rajab Abduallah Hokoma ◽  
Hala Mansour Amaigl

This paper investigates in detail the current status of the implementation levels of JIT key-factors and their sub-elements within the cement industry within Libya, and its implication for management within the said industry. A survey methodology has been applied in this detailed investigation using an intensive questionnaire and one-to-one interviews of the correspondent organizations. Based on the analysis of the survey findings, the results show that the implementation status of the JIT key-factors and their sub-elements are found to be in the modest levels across all the surveyed organisations, thereby indicating to opportunities for eliminating waste and improving the value chain. This paper has also pointed to crucial areas where the senior management body within this industry need to take immediate actions in order to achieve an effective and successful implementation of JIT systems. The paper also makes a contribution by providing an insight into what extent the JIT key-factors and their sub-elements are understood and implemented within the key Libyan manufacturing industry.


Author(s):  
Aleš Krmela ◽  
Iveta Šimberová ◽  
Viktorija Babiča

Incumbent B2B manufacturing companies join forces and form collaborative networks, called consortia, aiming to increase the circularity of their products. Our research interest lies in the understanding of how the business models (BM) of the companies and the industry are affected by such collaborations in the collaborative networks of the circular economy (CE). Given the exploratory nature of our empirical research, we applied a mixed research strategy of an inductively deductive nature. We carried out case studies in a manufacturing industry field and combined them with quantitative content analyses of the companies’ financial and non-financial reports. Drawing on the assumptions of the Attention-Based View Theory and Legitimacy Theory, we defined and found verbally communicated identifiers of BM elements, CE strategies, and collaborative networks, quantified their occurrences, and transformed them into variables. Using correlation analyses, we determined the tightness and the changes in relationships between the BMs’ elements and CE strategies. We examined the dynamic changes in the structure of BMs and their elements occurring within the implementation of selected CE strategies. Our findings suggest that collaborative networks for CE support an adaptation of the industry’s BMs. The higher-level CE strategies impact the BM more than the lower-level ones. The contribution of our research is in the suggested method of quantification and concretization of an abstract concept of BMs’ elements and their interrelations. This enables an assessment and a direct comparison of BMs, as well as of implemented CE strategies across companies and across industries. Our results also shed more light on the way the companies and industries adapt their BMs towards reaching circularity, as well as on how collaborative networks support such a transition.


Silva Fennica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Jylhä ◽  
Pasi Rikkonen ◽  
Katri Hamunen

The size of Finnish wood harvesting enterprises has grown, and entrepreneurs have become responsible for various additional tasks, resulting in networking with other harvesting enterprises of various sizes and suppliers of supporting services, but the profitability of the wood harvesting sector has remained low. In the present study, the financial performance of 83 wood harvesting companies in Eastern and Northern Finland was evaluated, based on public final account data from a five-year period between 2013 and 2017. The factors underlying economic success were identified based on 19 semi-structured entrepreneur interviews. The Business Model Canvas framework was applied in the analyses. In particular, the smallest companies (with an annual turnover of less than 600 000 €) struggled with profitability. They showed increasing indebtedness, suffered from poor power in negotiations, had typically short-term contracts, and faced difficulties in retaining skilled operators. Most of the small companies were subcontractors of larger wood-harvesting companies. The better economic success of larger companies was likely based on their capacity to provide wood harvesting services in large volumes and supply versatile services, power in negotiations, and more cost-effective operations. The future development of wood harvesting seems to be polarised: larger enterprises are likely to continue growing, while the size of smaller enterprises has stabilised. Enhancing business management skills and practices is required in enterprises of all size groups.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luh Putu Sinthya Ulandari

One of the private hospital successful implementation the National Health Insurance with cost efficiency without neglecting the quality of service is An-Nisa Hospital. This study aimed to finding out the strategy of An-Nisa Hospital in the implementation of the National Health Insurance with Balanced Scorecard. The research was conducted in May 2018 using qualitative approach. Data was collected through in-depth interview to 7 informants from hospital and 2 informants from BPJS Kesehatan. The subjects were selected purposively and the data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The results show that there are several strategies that have been developed and implemented, including: adding types of services, increasing the capacity of inpatients and polyclinics, increasing doctor practice slots, completing medical equipment, applying the principle of low cost and increasing working capital, choosing JKN patients as target market, develop 5 values propotition, complaint management, develop standard operating procedures, develop drug formulary and clinical pathways, carry out operational and audit controls, build business models, form casemix teams and claim management, develop training, giving reward and good salaries, build a competitive work environments, and pay attention to employee career paths. Through this strategy, An-Nisa Hospital is able to implement the JKN Program well and still record a surplus without sacrificing service quality


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermawan Prono ◽  
Soenarto Soenarto

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: 1) mendeskripsikan dukungan lingkungan terhadap program kelas jarak jauh SMK yang diselenggarakan dipondok pesantren Darul Qur’an Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, 2) mendeskripsikan input program kelas jarak jauh SMK jika ditinjau dari pendidik serta dukungan sarana dan prasarana yang dimiliki oleh pondok pesantren Darul Qur’an Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, 3) mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran kelas jauh SMK yang diselenggarakan oleh pondok pesantren Darul Qur’an Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, dan 4) mengetahui keberhasilan program pembelajaran kelas jauh jika dilihat dari segi manfaat yang di dapat oleh peserta didik, ketrampilan peserta didik serta persentase lulusan dari tahun ke tahun yang diselenggrakan oleh pondok pesantren Darul Qur’an di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul.Penelitian ini merupkan jenis penelitian evaluasi dengan menggunakan model CIPP. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 1 kyai, 1 kepala sekolah, 3 wali murid, 20 orang guru dan 59 siswa kelas 1 dan kelas 2. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik angket, observasi dan wawancara. Angket divalidasi dengan validitas konstrak (constract validity). Selanjutnya data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif dengan menggunakan bantuam SPSS 16.00 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) mendapatkan respon sangat baik dari masyarakat karena dapat membantu masyarakat bagi ekonomi lemah untuk menyekolahkannya ke jenjang sekolah yang tinggi, 2) rekruitmen tenaga pendidik yang sangat mengedepankan kompetensi kualitas dan kapabilitas hal ini dapat dilihat dari kemampuan pendidik, yaitu pemahaman pendidik mengenai konsep pembelajaran dalam penyusunan rencana pembelajaran dengan hasil 70% dengan kategori sangat baik dan aspek pengelolaan kegiatan pembelajaran dengan hasil 75% dengan kategori sangat baik. Secara umum sarana dan prasarana yang ada di SMK Darul Qur’an sudah sangat memadai untuk menunjang lancarnya proses pembelajaran, 3) secara keseluruhan kegiatan pembelajaran di SMK sudah berjalan sangat baik, hal ini dapat dilihat dari pendidik dan peserta didik. Dari pendidik penerapan strategi pembelajaran oleh pendidik sudah sangat baik dengan hasil 70%, penggunaan media juga sangat baik dengan hasil 90% dan penyampaian materipun sangat baik dengan hasil 90%. Evaluasi kegiatan pembelajaran meliputi prosedur penilaian juga sangat baik dengan hasil 90% dan menerapkan prinsip penilaian juga sudah sangat baik dengan hasil 90%. Sedangkan dari peserta didik kegiatan pelakasanaan pembelajaran sangat baik dengan hasil 78% dan pengayaan juga sangat baik dengan hasil 78%, 4) keberhasilan pelaksanaan program sudah berjalan sangat baik hal ini dapat dilihat dari peserta didik dalam hasil belajarnya. Dalam muatan lokal mampu membaca menulis Al-Qur’an, hafal Al-Qur’an Bahasa Arab. Pendidikan life skill mampu merakit komputer, instal berdakwah dengan baik. Prestasi akademik maupun muatan lokal menjuari tingkat kecamatan, kabupaten dan propinsi. Tingkat kelulusan peserta didik setiap tahun mencapai 100%. LONG CLASS PROGRAM EVALUATION SMK PESANTREN DARUL QURAN IN DISTRIC GUNUNGKIDULAbstractThis study is aimed: 1) describe the environment to support classroom programs remotely hosted dipondok SMK Darul Quran Gunung Kidul, 2) describe the program input distance vocational classes when viewed from educators and support infrastructure boarding school owned by Darul Quran Gunung Kidul, 3) describe the process of classroom learning program organized by the far SMK Darul Quran Islamic boarding Gunung Kidul, and 4) determine the success of classroom learning much when viewed in terms of benefits in the can by the learner, the skills of learners and the percentage of graduates from year to year boarding school diselenggrakan by Darul Quran in Gunung Kidul. This was the type of research study evaluating the CIPP model. The subjects were clerics, principals, parents, 20 teachers and 59 students of class 1 and class 2. The data was collected by using questionnaires, observations and interviews. Validated questionnaire with construct validity (constract validity). Furthermore, the data were analyzed with product moment correlation technique. The results of the study show that: 1) get a very good response from the public because it can help for low-income people to send him to the high school level, 2) recruitment of educators who is promoting competence and capability of this quality can be seen from the ability of educators, namely understanding educators about the learning concepts in the preparation of lesson plans at 70% with very good categories and aspects of management of learning activities with results of 75% with a very good category. In general, the existing infrastructure at SMK Darul Quran is very adequate to support the smooth process of learning, 3) overall learning activities at SMK has been running very well, it can be seen from the educators and learners. From the application of instructional strategies educators by educators has been very good at 70%, the use of media is also very good with 90% and delivering results materipun very well with results of 90%. Evaluation of learning activities include the assessment procedure is also very good with the results of 90% and apply the principles of assessment has also been very good with 90% results. While exercising the activities of learners learning very well with the results of 78% and enrichment are also very well with the results of 78%, 4) the successful implementation of the program seen students with graduation rates of students every year who reach 100% and ratings are not out of the SMK half of all vocational schools in the district Gunungkidul, the interactions between learners are able to speak English and Arabic in addition to the achievement of students in various fields. Overall course grade vocational boarding school deep in Darul Quran has been going well.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3281-3283
Author(s):  
Farrukh Sarfraz ◽  
Nadeem Razaq ◽  
Fahad Sarfraz ◽  
Muhammad Saif Ullah ◽  
Imran Jawad ◽  
...  

Introduction: With the rapid change in teaching methodologies small group discussion gained a lot of popularity due to its wide impact from multiple dimensions on the learning of students. It is not only influences the learning of the students but also polished many skills not previously explored by the student such as communication skills, leadership qualities, ethics of group dynamics, respect of views of peers and so many. Objective: To expedite the views of Second year MBBS students at Azra Naheed Medical College about Small group discussion. Material and Methods Study design: Quantitative, cross sectional study. Settings: Azra Naheed Medical College, Lahore. Duration: Six months i.e. 1st January 2021 to 30th June 2021. Data Collection procedure: This study is conducted at Azra Naheed Medical College, Lahore, a total of 150 students divided into 10 groups each comprising of 15 students participated in the study. Students and the facilitators were briefed about the study; the topic assigned to each group ware told them a couple of days before the session. Pre validated questionnaire from the department of medical education was used and the collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 23. Research question: What is the perception of Second year MBBS students at Azra Naheed College, Lahore about small group discussion an effective tool for learning? Results: Majority of the students were satisfied with the punctuality, constructive feedback, role of facilitator, improvement in the communication skills, interaction and positive feedback. Conclusion: It concludes students learned how to maintain a good balance of the session. Our study provided enough opportunities to the students to focus on the dynamics of learning in a modern way of self-respect, respect to the peers, improved self-confidence, and importance of positive and constructive feedback and in the end how to summarize and conclude a session. Key words: small group discussion, student centered learning, integrated learning, lecture


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document