Overview of metallurgical studies on weld deposited surface by plasma transferred arc technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Vivek D. Kalyankar ◽  
Hardik V. Naik
Keyword(s):  
Welding Current ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Surface Characteristic ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Carbide Phases ◽  
Plasma Transferred Arc ◽  
Processing Variables ◽  
Transferred Arc

Research on plasma transferred arc (PTA) coatings has increased contemplation due to its augmented appropriateness which results from the advanced materials used in applications like mining, petroleum and power plant sectors. This article further broadens the research scope of investigation, by influencing metallurgical and processing aspects in accordance with the significance of microstructural changes. Martensitic formation with coarser structure, carbide phase formation and fine interdendritic eutectic matrix are the significant metallurgical aspects for an improved surface characteristic. Welding current, powder feed rate and travel speed, are the significant processing variables to achieve the microstructural changes like uniform dendritic growth, finer grain size, etc. The addition of alloying elements and heat treatment are the most observed processing conditions for the formation of precipitates and carbide phases. A schematic summary, the significance of processing variables, processing conditions and process modelling and simulation on metallurgical aspects have been enumerated in this paper. Further, critical comments and findings from in-depth review have also been discussed for the future scope. Hence, this review will be helpful to ascertain the relation among the microstructural evolution, the applicability of microscopic tools and the mechanical properties for the forthcoming researchers and the industrial persons.

scholarly journals Processing by Additive Manufacturing Based on Plasma Transferred Arc of Hastelloy in Air and Argon Atmosphere

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M. Perez-Soriano ◽  
Enrique Ariza ◽  
Cristina Arevalo ◽  
Isabel Montealegre-Melendez ◽  
Michael Kitzmantel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Plasma Transferred Arc ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Transferred Arc

This research was carried out to determinate the effect of the atmosphere processing conditions (air and argon) and two specific thermal treatments, on the properties of specimens made from the nickel-based alloy Hastelloy C-22 by plasma transferred arc (PTA). Firstly, the additive manufacturing parameters were optimized. Following, two walls were manufactured in air and argon respectively. Afterwards, a determinate number of specimens were cut out and evaluated. Regarding the comparison performed with the extracted specimens from both walls, three specimens of each wall were studied as-built samples. Furthermore, a commonly used heat treatment in Hastelloy, with two different cooling methods, was selected to carry out additional comparisons. In this respect, six additional specimens of each wall were selected to be heat treated to a temperature of 1120 °C for 20 min. After the heat treatment, three of them were cooled down by rapid air cooling (RAC), while the other three were cooled down by water quenching (WQ). In order to study the influence degree of the processing conditions, and how the thermal treatments could modify the final properties of the produced specimens, a detailed characterization was performed. X-ray diffraction and microstructural analyses revealed the phases-presence and the apparition of precipitates, varying the thermal treatment. Moreover, the results obtained after measuring mechanical and tribological properties showed slight changes caused by the variation of the processing atmosphere. The yield strength of the extracted specimens from the two walls achieved values closer to the standards ones in air 332.32 MPa (±21.36 MPa) and in argon 338.14 MPa (±9 MPa), both without thermal treatment. However, the effect of the cooling rate resulted as less beneficial, as expected, reducing the deformation properties of the specimens below 11%, independently of the air or argon manufacturing atmosphere and the cooling rate procedure.

Deposition Characteristics of Multitrack Overlayby Plasma Transferred Arc Welding on SS316Lwith Co-Cr Based Alloy – Influence ofProcess Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2019) ◽  
pp. 248-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Deshmukh ◽  
V. D. Kalyankar
Keyword(s):  
Feed Rate ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Powder Feed Rate ◽  
Powder Feed ◽  
Plasma Transferred Arc ◽  
Transferred Arc ◽  
Plasma Transferred Arc Welding

AbstractPlasma transferred arc welding (PTAW) is one of the outstanding overlay coating technique used in numerous industries including pressure vessel, automotive, chemical, nuclear, etc. owing to its superior characteristics, low dilution and high efficiency in the coating. In the present investigations, an effort is made to investigate the multitrack overlay deposition by PTAW on 16 mm thick 316 L plate by CO-Cr alloy. Samples are produced under different processing conditions, as per full factorial central composite design of experiment with preheating of 200°C by maintaining the interpass temperature 250 °C. Effects of transferred arc current, welding travel speed, powder feed rate, welding oscillation speed and stand-off distance on weld bead shape parameters comprising of width of deposition and reinforcement are presented and discussed based on experimental observations and fitted model. Relationship between the input process parameters with deposition characteristics is also presented in the form of regression equation. Lower current (100–120 A), intermediate travel speed (120–140 mm/min), intermediate powder feed rate (12–14 gms/min), lower oscillating speed (450–550 mm/min) and lower stand-off distance (6–8 mm) would give better deposition characteristics with minimum distortion, less residual stresses, no surface defects with strong metallurgical bond.

scholarly journals Investigations on thin SS sheets joining by pulsed micro-plasma transferred arc process

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jigar Chaudhary ◽  
Neelesh Kumar Jain ◽  
Sunil Pathak ◽  
S. C. Koria
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fusion Zone ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Joint Strength ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Thin Sheets ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
Plasma Transferred Arc ◽  
Transferred Arc ◽  
Pulse On Time

Joining of thin sheets is challenging due to difficulty in maintaining localized melting and solidification. This becomes more difficult while thin sheet joining of stainless steel due to its poor weld/joining properties. This article reports on autogenous joining of 0.4 mm thickness sheets of 316L austenitic stainless steel (SS) using pulsed micro-plasma transferred arc (P-µPTA) process. Decision of using autogenous joining was taken on the basis of observations of experimentation on homogenous joining of SS thin sheets using 0.274 mm diameter SS filler wire. Effects of pulse-on time, pulse-off time, peak current and torch travel speed on the joint strength of weld were investigated with an objective to identify the optimum values for the maximum tensile strength of the joint. It was found that 50% duty cycle, 10% pulse frequency, 3.5 A peak current and torch travel speed 250 mm/min yielded maximum joint strength 553 MPa. The fusion zone was found to have finer grain size. Non-existence of heat-affected zone absence was assured by very minor dissimilarity in the values of microhardness over the fusion zone. This study establishes the capability of pulse micro-plasma transferred arc process for joining thin sheets of stainless steel without any filler material and producing very good quality joint with very insignificant heat-affected zone (HAZ), thermal distortion and porosity using much less power as compared to conventional fusion joining processes.

Microstructure and Bonding Strength in Overlaying of Stellite 6 Alloy on Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron by Plasma Transferred Arc Process

2007 ◽  
Vol 345-346 ◽  
pp. 505-508
Author(s):  
Hung Mao Lin ◽  
Truan Sheng Lui ◽  
Li Hui Chen ◽  
Wai Sing Chan
Keyword(s):  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
M23c6 Carbide ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Interfacial Layers ◽  
Stellite 6 ◽  
Plasma Transferred Arc ◽  
Transferred Arc

In this study, stellite 6 alloy was overlaid on spheroidal graphite (SG) cast irons with various carbon contents (1.5wt%~3.8wt%) and a fixed silicon content (approximately 2.5wt%) using the plasma transferred arc (PTA) process at different overlaying current (140A~220A) while the travel speed of the PTA torch was maintained constant. Results indicated that the solidification structures of the stellite 6 overlayers were dendritic and had a large amount of interdendritic precipitates (M7C3 and M23C6 carbide) after the satellite 6 alloy had been overlaid on SG cast irons with different carbon contents (1.5wt%~3.8wt%) at a low overlaying current (I=140A). The partially melted zones of the substrates below the carbide-containing interfacial layers consisted of eutectic carbides (ledeburites) and fine pearlites. The amount of the carbide-containing interfacial layers and ledeburites increased following the increase in the overlaying current. The results of the tearing test reported that the occurrence of the carbide-containing interfacial layers was detrimental to the bonding strength between the overlayers and the substrates. The metallography of the fractured area of the tearing specimens after the bonding strength test revealed that fractures always occurred at the carbide-containing interfacial areas. On the other hand, the overlayers were rich in iron content when the overlaying currents were high (I=190A and 220A). Owing to the dilution effect, the matrices of the overlayers were α-Fe with lamellar M7C3 carbides. The results of the tearing test indicated that the bonding strength of the overlaid specimens was relatively low, and fractures always occurred in these highly diluted overlayers.

The mechanism of spraying of paraffin-based fuel by using of plasma transferred arc

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
L.A. Bulavin ◽  
◽  
V.Ya. Chernyak ◽  
L.Yu. Vergun ◽  
Yu.F. Zabashta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Transferred Arc ◽  
Transferred Arc

Microstructure and Microhardness Characterization of Cr3C2-SiC Coatings Produced by the Plasma Transferred Arc Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 793-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Islak ◽  
Özkan Eski ◽  
Soner Buytoz ◽  
Muzaffer Karagöz ◽  
Joseph Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Transferred Arc ◽  
Transferred Arc ◽  
Sic Coatings

COLMONOY No. 83 PTA

Alloy Digest ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Plasma Transferred Arc ◽  
Transferred Arc ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract COLMONOY No. 83 PTA is a nickel-base hard surfacing alloy containing tungsten carbide. The application method is plasma transferred arc and the application is designed to protect extrusion screws. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, tensile properties, and compressive strength. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as machining and powder metal forms. Filing Code: Ni-493. Producer or source: Wall Colmonoy Corporation.

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