scholarly journals ‘Official Tears’: Signs of Sociocultural Type ‘Official’ According to the National Corpus of the Russian Language

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Svetlana Anokhina ◽  
Alexandra Osipova ◽  
Natalia Pozdnyakova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Character Traits ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
State Official ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus

The article is devoted to the consideration of one of the facets of the sociocultural type ‘official’, which is significant for the linguistic consciousness of native Russian speakers and corresponds to the character traits of a typical Russian official. Based on the analysis of compatibility of the adjective ‘official’ in the XIX-XXI century texts, included in the National Corpus of the Russian Language, the authors represent the prevailing perception of the Russian official rooted in the Russian linguistic consciousness, trace its transformations, as well as identify those components that have remained unchanged for the two centuries. In general, the results of analyzing the Russian adjective ‘official’ represent a very unsavoury image of a state official. The texts included in the NCRL allowed revealing essential character traits of the Russian official: indifference, ignorance, cowardice, arrogance, insincerity. These traits characterize the sociocultural type ‘official’, that is a generalized image formed in the linguistic consciousness of native Russian speakers for two centuries.

scholarly journals Features of Linguistic and Cultural Type “Bureaucrat”: Compatibility of Adjective bureaucratic

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
S. A. Anokhina ◽  
N. V. Pozdnyakova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Character Traits ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Cultural Character ◽  
The Past ◽  
Character Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus

The article is devoted to the analysis of the linguistic and cultural type “Russian bureaucrat”. The compatibility of the adjective bureaucratic is investigated according to the texts of the XIX - XXI centuries included in the National corpus of the Russian language. The novelty of the study is that to describe the character traits of the linguocultural type “Russian bureaucrat”, the authors refer to the compatibility of an adjective derived from the character type. It is noted that the connotative component in the meaning of the adjective determines an almost exclusively negative interpretation of the image: the pejorative component of the value determines the compatibility of the studied adjective with the designations of negative qualities. The authors dwell on the ideas that have developed in the Russian linguistic consciousness about the character of the Russian bureaucrat, and trace their transformations over two centuries. The analysis of the compatibility of the adjective showed that the linguistic and cultural character “Russian bureaucrat” is characterized by indifference, ignorance, cowardice, arrogance, insincerity. The authors of the article conclude that in the Russian language picture of the world indifference and cowardice are attributed to bureaucrats of different periods of Russian history, while ostentatious arrogance is noted mainly in the descriptions of officials of the past, and markers of ignorance and insincerity are more frequent in the characteristics of modern officials.

scholarly journals Axiology of the Province Phenomenon in Russian Mass Media of the Beginning of the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 123-140
Author(s):  
O. D. Parshina ◽  
E. P. Ivanyan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
The Media ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus

The article presents the results of a study of value meanings of the province phenomenon in the discursive environment of the Russian mass media at the beginning of the 21st century. The basic semantics of the Russian lexeme provintsiya is described based on the data of the explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language. The analysis is made of adjectival and verbal combinations selected by a continuous sampling method from the materials of the National Corpus of the Russian Language. The categories based on which the value semantics of the province in time and space are identified are defined. In accordance with the established categories, the selected adjectival and predicative combinations were distributed, and their estimation scaling was performed in relation to positive and negative evaluation. It is established that at the beginning of the 21st century the texts of mass media record changes in the value layer of ideas about the province in the language consciousness of modern Russian speakers. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of the axiological component of the lexeme provintsiya, a decrease in negative ratings was recorded with a simultaneous increase in positive ratings since 2006 for adjectival combinations and since 2004 for predicative ones. Dynamic changes in the evaluative meanings accompanying the word provintsiya in the media discourse can be considered as a reflection of the changing role and status of the province in the socio-cultural space of Russia.

scholarly journals Russian Official Reflection in Russian Language Winged Units

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Anokhina ◽  
Natalia Kozko ◽  
Natalia Pozdnyakova ◽  
Ekaterina Tulina
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
National Corpus

The article analyzes functioning of winged units nominating officials in literary and publicistic texts included in the Russian National Corpus. The authors consider that every winged phrase is a combination of mental ideas of the nation. Thus, winged units are important concepts verbalisators though they are found at the semantic field periphery. The article brings out the differences in the usage of winged units with the common seme “official” in texts by native Russian speakers which allows to reconstruct the image of an official existing in the Russian linguistic picture of the world. Most units can be found at the periphery of the semantic field and thus cannot claim to be universal in nominating officials because of low frequency of their use. The most universal nominations for officials are the following ones: Derzhimorda, Kuvshinnoe rylo, Schvonder, Sergeant Prishibeyev, Akaky Akakievich Bashmachkin, that can be related to the near periphery of the concept “Official” field verbalisators. The analysis of winged units’ meanings with the seme “official” allows specifying ideas of an official in the Russian linguistic picture of the world: the majority of the winged units convey a negative attitude of native speakers to officials.

scholarly journals The hierarchy of value-based components within the “happiness” concept in the Russian linguistic consciousness

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Zhanna Viktorovna Nikonova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Images ◽  
First Time ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Russian Language

The article considers the value-based component of the “happiness” concept in the Russian language as one of the main concepts in the Russian national consciousness. The study aims at determining and describing the hierarchy of such components in the Russian language. It supplements the current linguistic information about the content of the above-mentioned concept by revealing the hierarchy of its value-based components in the Russian linguistic consciousness. This approach is used to study the “happiness” concept in the Russian language for the first time and proves the scientific novelty of this research. The theoretical basis is formed by postulates of modern cognitive linguistics about concepts as units of a personal conceptual system in their relation to linguistic expressions containing information about the world, as well as concepts as national images (ideas or symbols) complicated by individual representation. The research subject is the hierarchical connections among value-based components of the “happiness” concept in the Russian linguistic consciousness objectified by various verbal means and acting as determinants of the concept’s name. The main objective is to identify the hierarchy of value-based components of the above-mentioned concept and reveal its specifics in the Russian linguistic consciousness. The research material consists of the linguistic facts obtained in the course of a free-association experiment conducted at the end of January 2021 by questioning users of the social network VKontakte. The questionnaire explained the goals and objectives of the experiment and provided an incentive for an associative array of 10 positions to the concept under study. After analyzing the results of this psycholinguistic experiment, the authors have established that the “happiness” concept in the Russian language has a clear hierarchy of value-based components, which highlights the specific conceptualization of such an abstract category as “happiness” in the linguistic consciousness of native Russian speakers.

scholarly journals Gender and Theomorphic Signs of the "Earth-Mother" Mythologeme in Russian Linguistic Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Moshina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Virgin Mary ◽  
Russian People ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Wet Nurse ◽  
National Corpus ◽  
Modern Russian

The research featured the "Earth-Mother" mythologeme within the "Earth" macroconcept structure. Earth-Mother is a well-known mythologeme widely distributed in different cultures. The present study was based on the National Corpus of the Russian Language and employed descriptive and conceptual analyses. The mythologeme proved to be embodied in the language as a whole set of metaphors that implement codes of Russian linguistic culture. They include vital, somatic, anthropomorphic, and theomorphic metaphors. The linguistic concept of Earth appeared to have the following cognitive signs: mother; caring parent; bestowal / benefactor; wet-nurse; parent; wife; mistress; lady; goddess. The theomorphism of the Earth concept was proved by its status as "the wife of God" expressed by the language formula "Mother-Wet-Earth". This name reflects the beliefs of the ancient Mokosh cult. The gender and theomorphic characteristics of the Earth-Mother overlap. As a result, the demiurgic act of creation is described by the metaphor of birth. After the adoption of Christianity, the name of the Virgin Mary began to be used instead of the name of the Mother-Wet-Earth. Moreover, the function of birth as an act of creativity was found to be preserved in the language consciousness of the Russian people. The research identified several clusters of images of the Earth-mother in the modern Russian language culture that can be classified as folklore, mythological, religious, and linguacultural.

scholarly journals Associative field of the concept “fire” in the linguistic consciousness of native Russian speakers at the background of the Latvian linguistic culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-252
Author(s):  
Elvira S. Isajeva ◽  
Elina G. Vasiljeva
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Russian Language

The research is devoted to one of the modern trends in linguistics - cultural linguistics. The topicality is related to the study of the Russian language functioning as the language of diaspora in the eastern region of Latvia - Latgale. The research aims to characterize the means of expressing the concept fire based on modelling and analyzing its associative field in the aspect of Latvian picture of the world. Theory and practice of the associative experiment were used as a methodological framework for the research. The method of free associative experiment reveals the specific features of different cultures, as well as the functional peculiarities of the linguistic consciousness both of a separate individual - a native speaker, and of a certain ethnic or national group. The word fire (Latvian - uguns) was suggested as a stimulus word. The received reactions were analyzed according to linguistic and cultural-contextual aspects. A comparative analysis of the associative fields revealed both the specific features of the Russian linguistic picture of the world, which combines the characteristics inherent in the Russian language of the metropolis and the ones that indicate the influence of the linguistic and cultural environment, and the features and signs that coincide or are identical in the Russian and the Latvian linguistic picture of the worlds. The data processing and the analysis define the concept fire precisely as a full-fledged concept in the perception of the native speakers of the Russian language in Latgale, since not only the dictionary meaning is actualized in their linguistic picture of the world, but also a multi-level associative field, unique in terms of contextual connotations, is modelled.

scholarly journals On Adjectival Attributives Blood, Direct, Peaceful as Components of Archaic Nominations of Friends

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Tatyana Leontyeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Spiritual Intimacy ◽  
Class Identification ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Over Time ◽  
National Corpus

The article discusses the changes in collocability of the word friend over time. It notes that the works by A.S. Pushkin contain the forms, unexpected for the perception of the native speakers of the modern Russian language: blood friends, direct friend, peaceful friends. The analysis of the specified attributive combinations is carried out applying definitional, contextual, linguocultural analysis methods. The text material from the National Corpus of the Russian language is used. It is proved that the expression "blood friends" could denote "people connected by strong friendship" and "people of the same class". Physical kinship criterion has been proved to serve as a basis for cognitive understanding of spiritual intimacy and social class identification. However, the connection between primary and secondary semantics is not so direct here; it is mediated by the cultural layer – the custom of twinning, a form of artificial relationship noted among many peoples. Most examples of the usage of the phrase "direct friend" mean 'express your opinion to someone honestly, directly'. The expression "peaceful friends" is interpreted as based on a doubling of the meaning 'in a relationship of agreement'. The research results can be used in compiling dictionaries of the Russian language, and also in teaching linguistic disciplines.

scholarly journals A THEMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF RELIGIOUS-CHRISTIAN VOCABULARY OF RUSSIAN-UDMURT DICTIONARIES BY G. Ye. VERESHCHAGIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
Leonid Michaylovich Ivshin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Outstanding Scientist ◽  
Linguistic Activity ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus

The article examines the vocabulary of religious-Christian content in the handwritten Russian-Udmurt dictionaries by the first Udmurt writer and outstanding scientist, educator and missionary, clergyman G. Ye. Vereshchagin. There is no exact information about the time when the manuscripts were written. One of them was presumably created at the end of the 19 - beginning of the 20 centuries, before the adoption of the Russian spelling reform in 1918, since the letter ъ is inconsistently encountered at the very beginning of the dictionary in lexemes ending in a hard consonant. Another manuscript can be dated to the period after the adoption of the Russian spelling reform, when the Cyrillic letters ѣ, ө and ъ were excluded from the Russian alphabet. The author of the manuscripts selected appropriate primordial Udmurt equivalents to words of religious content or used borrowings (mainly from the Russian language), and was guided by the following considerations: 1) he used Udmurt words that arose in the depths of paganism, which by the time the manuscripts were compiled had acquired a completely Christian meaning (Kyldysin tӧre 'Archangel'); 2) adapted concepts that had a slightly different, everyday meaning (viz sonany, gavyldyns, aldans ‘to tempt’); 3) terms without direct correspondences in the Udmurt language are often translated by a combination of words or interpretation (umoytem Inmar vyle veras ‘blasphemer’); 4) borrowed from Russian or other languages (Archirey, Arquerey ‘Bishop’). The study of the lexical and semantic features of written attestations in the context of developing the national corpus of the Udmurt language and filling it with not only absolutely new, but also to some extent forgotten and revisited elements is a very important linguistic activity. The linguistic actualization of religious vocabulary contributes to the recovery of speech assets and registers in a significant number of dictionary nominalizations by designating concepts and phenomena of the spiritual and religious sphere of the Udmurt language.

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