scholarly journals A Homocoupling Approach to the Key Dione of CyMe4-BTPhen – Vital Ligands for Nuclear Clean-Up by the SANEX Process

SynOpen ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M Trunks ◽  
Jasraj Singh Babra ◽  
James Westwood ◽  
Christopher David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
New Approach

CyMe4-BTPhen and CyMe4-BTBP are the principal ligand systems used in Europe for the separation of actinides from lanthanides as a part of the SANEX process for nuclear recycling and reprocessing. We present a new approach to the synthesis of the CyMe4-fragment beginning from readily available hydroxypivalic acid. It features a cobalt-catalysed homocoupling of a neopentyl bromide to provide the key bis-ester precursor, thereby avoiding the requirement for technically challenging low temperature LDA-mediated aldol chemistries.

scholarly journals Rolling membrane powered by low-temperature steam as a new approach to generate mechanical energy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongshan Yin ◽  
Qicheng Liu ◽  
Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Steam Engine ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Human Society ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Abstract How to convert heat energy into other forms of usable energy more efficiently is always crucial for our human society. In traditional heat engines, such as the steam engine and the internal combustion engine, high-grade heat energy can be easily converted into mechanical energy, while a large amount of low-grade heat energy is usually wasted owing to its disadvantage in the temperature level. In this work, for the first time, the generation of mechanical energy from both high- and low-temperature steam is implemented by a hydrophilic polymer membrane. When exposed to water vapor with a temperature ranging from 50 to 100 °C, the membrane repeats rolling from one side to another. In nature, this continuously rolling of membrane is powered by the steam, like a miniaturized “steam engine”. The differential concentration of water vapor (steam) on the two sides of the membrane generates the asymmetric swelling, the curve, and the rolling of the membrane. In particular, results suggest that this membrane based “steam engine” can be powered by the steam with a relatively very low temperature of 50 °C, which indicates a new approach to make use of both the high- and low-temperature heat energy.

scholarly journals New approach for an industrial low-temperature roll-to-roll CI(G)Se hybrid sputter coevaporation deposition process

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 033201
Author(s):  
Nikolaus Weinberger ◽  
David Stock ◽  
Christian Alexander Kaufmann ◽  
Tim Kodalle ◽  
Marc D. Heinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Roll To Roll

Microcanonical condensate fluctuations in one-dimensional weakly-interacting Bose gases

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (35) ◽  
pp. 2050410
Author(s):  
Ji-Xuan Hou
Keyword(s):  
Number Theory ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Microcanonical Ensemble ◽  
Bose Gases ◽  
New Approach ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Weakly Interacting ◽  
Counting Statistics

Weakly interacting Bose gases confined in a one-dimensional harmonic trap are studied using microcanonical ensemble approaches. Combining number theory methods, I present a new approach to calculate the particle number counting statistics of the ground state occupation. The results show that the repulsive interatomic interactions increase the ground state fraction and suppresses the fluctuation of ground state at low temperature.

A New Approach to the RN Source Term for Spent Nuclear Fuel under Geological Disposal Conditions

2000 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Poinssot ◽  
Christophe Jegou ◽  
Pierre Toulhoat ◽  
Jean-Paul Piron ◽  
Jean-Marie Gras
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Source Term ◽  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Microscopic Description ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Source Term Model

ABSTRACTUnder the geological disposal conditions, spent fuel (SF) is expected to evolve during the 10,000 years while being maintained isolated from the biosphere before coming in contact with water. Under these circumstances, several driving forces would lead to the progressive intrinsic transformations within the rod which would modify the subsequent release of radionuclides. The major mechanisms are the production of a significant volume of He within the UO2 lattice, the accumulation of irradiation defects due to the low temperature which avoids any annealing, the slow migration of radionuclides (RN) within the system by (i) the α self-irradiation-induced athermal diffusion and (ii) locally the building-up of internal mechanical stresses which could turn the pellets into powder. However, the current RN source terms for SF have never accounted for this evolution as they are based on existing knowledge of the fresh SF. Two major mechanisms were considered, the leaching of the readily available fraction (one which was supposed to be instantly accessible to water), and the release of RN through alteration of the UO2 grains. We are now proposing a new RN source term model based on a microscopic description of the system in order to also take account of the early evolution of the closed system, the amplitude of which increases with the burnup and is greater for MOX fuels.

A new approach for breeding low-temperature-resistantVolvariella volvaceastrains: Genome shuffling in edible fungi

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziping Zhu ◽  
Xiao Wu ◽  
Beibei Lv ◽  
Guogan Wu ◽  
Jinbin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Genome Shuffling ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
New Approach
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