scholarly journals Outcomes of Automated Auditory Evoked Potential Performed in Different Settings and the Factors Associated with Referred Cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 342-347
Author(s):  
Daniela Silva ◽  
Georgea Ribeiro ◽  
Gustavo Castilho ◽  
Jair Mantovani
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potential ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis

Introduction For the population with risk factors for hearing loss, the first option to assess the hearing status is the performance of the automated brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) test because of its efficacy in identifying retrocochlear hearing loss. Objective To verify the outcomes of automated BAEP performed in different settings as well as the factors associated with the prevalence of hearing impairment. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted from October of 2014 to May of 2015. The sample consisted of 161 infants with at least one risk factor for hearing loss who underwent automated BAEP during the hospital stay or at the outpatient clinic. After 30 days, the altered cases were referred for BAEP diagnosis. Results One hundred and thirty-eight infants (86%) had a result of “pass” and 23 (14%) of “failure” in the automated BAEP. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of “referred” results between examinations performed in different settings. The infants' ages did not influence the number of abnormal cases. All of the 23 infants who presented a “referred” result in the automated BAEP, unilateral or bilateral, were sent for BAEP diagnosis, and out of these, 9 (39%) remained with at least some degree of alteration. The average age of diagnosis was 2.7 months. Conclusion The results of the automated BAEP were similar when performed during hospitalization or after discharge. Neither the age at the examination nor the gender of the patient influenced the prevalence of hearing loss.

scholarly journals Factors associated with physical inactivity among female and male rural adolescents in Borneo – a cross-sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whye Lian Cheah ◽  
Hazmi Helmy ◽  
Ching Thon Chang
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Rural communities have shown marked increase in metabolic syndrome among young people, with physical inactivity as one of the main contributing factors. This study aimed to determine factors associated with physical inactivity among male and female rural adolescents in a sample of schools in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 145 students aged 13–15 years. Data on socio-demographic, health-related, and psychosocial factors (perceived barriers, self-efficacy, social influences) were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Anthropometric measurement was taken to generate body mass index (BMI)-for-age, while physical activity (PA) level was assessed using pedometers. The mean steps per day was 6251.37 (SD=3085.31) with males reported as being more active. About 27% of the respondents were either overweight or obese, with more females in this group. There was no significant difference in steps among males and females (p=0.212), and nutritional status (BMI-for-age) (p=0.439). Females consistently scored higher in most items under perceived barriers, but had significantly lower scores in self-efficacy’s items. Males were more influenced by peers in terms of PA (p<0.001) and were more satisfied with their body parts (p=0.047). A significantly higher body size discrepancy score was found among females (p=0.034, CI –0.639, –0.026). PA level was low and almost one-third of the respondents were overweight and obese. Female students faced more barriers and had lower self-efficacy with regards PA. Based on the findings, it is recommended that interventions focus on reducing barriers while increasing support for PA. This is particularly important in improving the health status of the youth, especially among the females.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Mental Health with the Level of Empathy Among Medical Students in Southern Thailand: A University-Based Cross- Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 832-840
Author(s):  
Katti Sathaporn ◽  
Jarurin Pitanupong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level

Objective: To determine the level of and factors associated with empathy among medical students.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed all first- to sixth-year medical students at the Facultyof Medicines, Prince of Songkla University, at the end of the 2020 academic year. The questionnaires consisted of:1) The personal and demographic information questionnaire, 2) The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire, and 3) ThaiMental Health Indicator-15. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and factors associated with empathylevel were assessed via chi-square and logistic regression analyses.Results: There were 1010 participants with response rate of 94%. Most of them were female (59%). More than half(54.9%) reported a high level of empathy. There was a statistically significant difference in empathy levels betweenpre-clinical and clinical medical students; in regards to empathy subgroups (P-value < 0.001). The assessment ofemotional states in others by demonstrating appropriate sensitivity behavior, altruism, and empathic respondingscores among the pre-clinical group were higher than those of the clinical group. Multivariate analysis indicatedthat female gender, pre-clinical training level, and minor specialty preference were factors associated with empathylevel. The protective factor that significantly improved the level of empathy was having fair to good mental health.Conclusion: More than half of the surveyed medical students reported a high level of empathy. The protective factorthat improved the level of empathy was good mental health. However, future qualitative methods, longitudinalsurveillance, or long-term follow-up designs are required to ensure the trustworthiness of these findings.

Tricyclic antidepressants intoxication in Tehran, Iran: Epidemiology and associated factors

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saied Dianat ◽  
Mohammd-Reza Zarei ◽  
Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam ◽  
Neda Rashidi-Ranjbar ◽  
Reza Rahimian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Sex Addiction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Background: Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) intoxication contributes a large number of drug toxicities with serious complications. There are a few studies about factors associated with TCA intoxication. This study therefore aimed to identify determinants of this type of intoxication. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Loghman-Hakim Poison Hospital during a 6-month period. All poisoned patients aged >12 years presented to this hospital during the mentioned period were evaluated. Then, TCA-poisoned patients were compared with other drug intoxications as the control group to determine factors associated with TCA intoxications. Results: There were 9809 admissions, of which 1583 (16.1%) patients including 601 (38%) males were intoxicated with TCAs. Mean age of the subjects was 26.5 + 10 years. Most of the TCA intoxications (74.4%) were intentional (p = 0.01). Amitriptyline was the most frequent agent followed by Nortriptyline. There was no significant difference between TCA and non-TCA intoxications regarding the mortality (1.3% in TCA vs. 1.1% in others, p = 0.45). Logistic regression analysis revealed that sex, addiction status, and history of psychological problems have association with TCA intoxication. Conclusions: The results of this study are helpful in identifying individuals who are prone to TCA intoxication and may be useful in implementation of preventive strategies.

scholarly journals Course of migraine during pregnancy among migraine sufferers before pregnancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldmiro Antônio Diégues Serva ◽  
Vilneide Maria Santos Braga Diégues Serva ◽  
Maria de Fátima Costa Caminha ◽  
José Natal Figueiroa ◽  
Emídio Cavalcanti Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrually Related Migraine ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE: To describe the course of migraine without aura and migraine with aura during pregnancy and factors that could influence its course, among migraine sufferers before pregnancy. METHOD: A cross sectional study undertaken at the IMIP, Brazil. Out of 686 consecutively assisted women, at the first postnatal week, 266 were identified as migraine sufferers before pregnancy. RESULTS: There was migraine remission in 35.4%, 76.8% and 79.3% among migraine without aura sufferers and 20.7%, 58.6% and 65.5% among those with migraine with aura, respectively in the first, second and third trimesters. Statistically significant difference was found when the first trimester was compared with the second and third trimesters. The factors associated with the presence of migraine during pregnancy were: multiparity, menstrually related migraine without aura prior to pregnancy and illness during pregnancy. CONCLUSION: The study contributed to elucidate the course of migraine during pregnancy in migraine sufferers prior to pregnancy.

scholarly journals Association of War and Other Factors with Substance Use in a Lebanese Male Sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-117
Author(s):  
Hiba Yaacoub ◽  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
Chadia Haddad ◽  
Marouan Zoghbi ◽  
Tania Dib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Conflict Zone ◽  
Significant Difference

Lebanon has been a conflict zone for a long period of time, with no sufficient data associating war to substance use disorder (SUD). The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with substance use among Lebanese patients who were exposed to war, either by participating in or witnessing it. A cross-sectional study, performed between June and December 2016, included 77 males. Thirty-five patients were taking substances, 22 of them had participated in war, 34 of them were member of an official organization, and 100% were males. No significant difference was found between war participation and SUD ( p = .611) either with the subtype of substances. This study showed that depression was associated with a higher substance use in persons exposed to war. Health care professionals should communicate more with patients to decrease substance use and decrease the risk factors associated with it.

scholarly journals Aetiology and Hearing Status of Children under 12 years in a School for Hearing Impaired

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Abu Naser Md Jamil ◽  
Kamrul Hassan Tarafder ◽  
Mohammad Wakilur Rahman ◽  
Raju Barua ◽  
Naseem Yesmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Hearing Impaired Children

Objective: To assess degree, type and cause of hearing loss in children under 12 years of age in preschool for hearing impaired children. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in children of integrated preschool for hearing impaired children (IPSHIC) of SAHIC, Mohakhali, Dhaka, from September 2010 to March 2011. 50 deaf children were included with age 3-12 years and clinically detected hearing impairment. Data were collected by detailed history, clinical examination and audiometric findings and result were expressed in table form. Results: Most of the children presented with bilateral profound hearing loss and majority of patients presented with sensorineural type of hearing loss. Family history positive in 36% cases and consanguineous marriage were found in 34%.Commonest causes of deafness was infection. Conclusion: Early detection with universal neonatal screening should be practiced in our country and early rehabilitation reveals better out come. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2016; 22(1): 36-39

scholarly journals Prevalence of nomophobia and factors associated with it: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet Kumar Khilnani ◽  
Rekha Thaddanee ◽  
Gurudas Khilnani
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Related Adverse Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Related

Background: Excessive use of mobile phones, including smart phones, is found to result in various health related, social and psychological problems. Nomophobia expands to ‘No Mobile Phobia’, i.e., fear of being out of mobile phone contact. Previous studies on nomophobia have focused on the student populations, since the younger generation is more technology savvy. This questionnaire-based study aimed to know the prevalence and factors leading to nomophobia in general population.Methods: This study was conducted in western Gujarat from September 2018 to October 2018. A prevalidated questionnaire, containing three parts, the demographic details, details about the characteristics of mobile phone use and the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), was sent through emails and WhatsApp to 1000 individuals. The responses were tabulated and analyzed.Results: Out of 331 respondents 192 (58%) were males and 139 (42%) females. There was no significant difference in average NMP scores with respect to gender (p = 0.401), age brackets (p = 0.135), marital status (p = 0.123) and profession (p = 0.055). However, NMP scores were significantly more in individuals who spent more time on mobile phones per day (p = 0.000), checked their mobile phones more frequently (p<0.000) and in whom phantom ringing syndrome was also present (p<0.000). 241 respondents (72.80%) felt that their mobile phone use was consuming time and affecting their other daily activities.Conclusions: Nomophobia is an emerging health related adverse effect of prolonged mobile phone use. Interventions are required to promote judicious use of mobile phones.

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