scholarly journals Hormones and Auditory Perception: Study of Dichotic Listening in Women during the Menstrual Cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 070-076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Carneiro ◽  
Anna Almeida ◽  
Angela Ribas ◽  
Karolina Kluk-De Kort ◽  
Daviany Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Word Test ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Right

Introduction Dichotic listening refers to the ability to hear different sounds presented to each ear simultaneously. Objective The aim of the present study was to assess dichotic listening in women throughout the menstrual cycle. Methods The volunteers who met the eligibility criteria participated in a dichotic listening assessment composed of three tests: 1) staggered spondaic word test; 2) dichotic digits test; and 3) consonant-vowel test. The female participants were tested during two different phases of the menstrual cycle: the follicular (days 11 to 13) and luteal (days 23 to 26) phases. The phases were confirmed by measuring serum levels of the hormone estradiol. Results A total of 20 volunteers aged 18 to 49 years participated in the study (9 females and 11 males). In test 1, only the right ear of females showed better performance during the follicular phase (high estrogen levels), compared with the luteal phase (low estrogen levels); in test 2, there were no significant differences for any of the groups; and in test 3, both males and females showed significantly better performance in their right ear compared with their left ear. Conclusion The better performance of females during the follicular phase of the cycle may indicate that estrogen levels might have an influence on dichotic listening in women.

Brain activation during emotion regulation in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1795-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Petersen ◽  
Dara G. Ghahremani ◽  
Andrea J. Rapkin ◽  
Steven M. Berman ◽  
Letty Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
The Right

AbstractBackgroundDifficulties in regulating emotions are linked to the core symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). We therefore investigated the neural substrates of emotion-regulation problems in women with PMDD.MethodsOn the basis of self-evaluations over 2 months on the Daily Record of Severity of Problems, eligible participants were assigned to two groups: PMDD and control (18 per group). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a well-validated task were used to assess brain function during emotion regulation. Participants were tested twice, once during the follicular (asymptomatic) and once in the late luteal (symptomatic) phase of the menstrual cycle.ResultsWomen with PMDD gave higher ratings of negative affect in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase, and compared with healthy control participants during the luteal phase. A region-of-interest fMRI analysis indicated that during the late luteal phase, women with PMDD had hypoactivation in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) during all conditions of the emotion-regulation task, not only in the contrast that isolated emotion regulation. An exploratory whole-brain, voxel-wise analysis showed that women with PMDD had less activation in the precentral gyrus during the luteal phase than the follicular phase, and less activation in the postcentral gyrus compared with control participants.ConclusionsDuring the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, women with PMDD experience difficulty regulating emotions. Hypoactivation in the right dlPFC may contribute to this problem, but may be related more generally to other affective symptoms of PMDD. Hypofunction in the right pre- and postcentral gyri warrants additional study.

IMMUNOREACTIVE INHIBIN CONCENTRATIONS IN SERUM THROUGHOUT THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE OF THE MACAQUE: SUPPRESSION OF INHIBIN DURING THE LUTEAL PHASE AFTER TREATMENT WITH AN LHRH ANTAGONIST

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. R9-R12 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Fraser ◽  
D. M. Robertson ◽  
D. M. De Kretser
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Lhrh Antagonist

ABSTRACT Concentrations of immunoreactive inhibin in serum samples collected daily from six adult stumptailed female macaques during normal menstrual cycles were measured with a heterologous radioimmunoassay. Serum inhibin concentrations were low during the follicular phase of the cycle. After ovulation they began to rise, reaching a plateau between 8 and 11 days, before falling in parallel with the decline in luteal progesterone secretion. The dependence of the inhibin secretion by the corpus lutem on pituitary gonadotrophins was investigated by the administration of an LHRH antagonist [N-Ac-D-Nal(2)1,D-pCl-Phe2,D-Trp3,D-hArg(Et2)6,D-Ala10]LHRH once daily for 3 days beginning on day 8 of the luteal phase in six macaques. LHRH antagonist treatment markedly suppressed serum levels of inhibin and progesterone and these remained at the level found in the follicular phase for the remainder of the luteal phase. These results show that inhibin in the macaque is secreted into the peripheral blood almost exclusively during the luteal phase, being highest when FSH is at its nadir. Suppression of serum inhibin concentrations during the luteal phase by LHRH antagonist suggests that its secretion is integrated with the LH control of the corpus luteum.

SHORT-TERM REGULATION OF LH AND FSH SECRETION IN CYCLIC WOMEN

1978 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Römmler ◽  
S. Baumgarten ◽  
E. Schneller ◽  
U. Schwartz ◽  
J. Hammerstein
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Maximum Response ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
Maximum Increment ◽  
The One ◽  
Lh Rh

ABSTRACT The effects of six consecutive LH-RH injections (25 μg intravenously each) at 90 min intervals on serum gonadotrophin and serum ovarian steroid levels were investigated in cyclic women (n= 13) in the follicular, midcycle and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The maximum response of LH pituitary reaction to repeated LH-RH injections was smallest in the follicular phase, higher in the luteal phase and greatest in the midcycle phase of the menstrual cycle. The maximum response of FSH reaction was small both in the follicular and luteal phase and again greatest in the midcycle phase. The pituitary response pattern after six consecutive LH-RH injections also varied throughout the cycle. On the one hand there was a constant pronounced increase in the response from the first to the second LH-RH injection for both LH and FSH, while the second of all six increments (Δ2) was the maximum increment. On the other hand, for both LH and FSH the responses Δ3 to Δ6 decreased progressively in the luteal phase and showed an even further pronounced decrease in the midcycle phase, indicating an exhaustion of pituitary secretion. In the follicular phase, however, the decrease in the responses Δ3 to Δ6 for LH was small, but significant. For FSH no significant changes between the responses Δ2 to Δ6 were observed. Secondary to the elevated gonadotrophin levels, serum levels of oestradiol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and progesterone increased slightly in the follicular phase and distinctly in the luteal phase of the cycle. Possible mechanisms are discussed which might provide an explanation for the observed augmentation and subsequent diminution of pituitary reaction.

EVALUATION OF CHANGES IN CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS DURING DIFFERENT PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN YOUNG WOMEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehnaz Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Granulose Cells ◽  
Efficiency Test

Introduction: Menstrual cycle or menstruation involved discharge of sanguinous fluid and a sloughing of uterine wall. In women menstruation occurs at regular intervals on an average of 28 days, although most women gave a history of regular intervals of 28 to 30 days. About 10% -15% of women showed cycle at the precise 28 ± 2 days intervals when menstrual calendar was utilized. Normally in young women in different phases of ovarian cycles the plasma levels of estrogen vary. Ovulation occurs in the first 12-13th day of menstrual cycle, which is termed estrogen surge and second occurs in mid-luteal phase. During mid cycle or follicular phase of menstrual cycle the plasma concentration of progesterone is very low about 0.9 ng/mL. its level starts rising owing to secretion from the granulose cells. During luteal phase progesterone level reaches its peak value of 18 ng/mL and its level fall to a minimum value toward the end of the cycle. Estrogen affects local and systemic vasodilation. The menstrual cycle envelops two fundamental stages, the follicular stage (FP) and the luteal stage (LP). The follicular stage can part advance into two substages; the early FP, which is characterised with moo concentrations of both the key hormones estrogen and progesterone; and the mid FP where estrogen is tall autonomously from progesterone. The LP is epitomized by tall concentration of both estrogen and progesterone. These two fundamental stages are isolated by a soak surge in luteinizing hormone activating ovulation. These recurrent changes are said to be frequency unsurprising while long time. Aim: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the Cardiorespiratory functions changes during different Phases of Menstrual Cycle.   Material and methods: In this study, 20 with normal weight, 20 with obese and 20 with overage were included and taken them as a sample size. In this study all the young women those were recruited as a sample size are unmarried, undergraduate female student with the between the age group of 18-22years, having regular 28+6 days menstrual cycle for at least last 6months prior to this study. For the collection of data all the participants were instructed to attend the physiology lab department during each of three different phases. Day-2 during menstrual phase, Day-7, during follicular phase and Day-22 during luteal phase and the following parameters were recorded as Anthropometric measurements, measuring of pulse rate and blood pressure and cardiac efficiency test. Result: In general, work out proficiency changed essentially amid the distinctive stages of the menstrual cycle with the most elevated amid luteal stage and least amid menstrualo stage. There was no critical contrast in impact test amid menstrual stage, follicular stage and luteal stage of menstrual cycle among three bunches of people. Conclusion: We have watched noteworthy increment in cardiac and respiratory proficiency within the luteal stage of the menstrual cycle in ordinary weight people. Lower wellness levels were watched in overweight and stout females. In this manner hone of customary work out and admissions of solid slim down which offer assistance in lessening the weight and in turn the BMI will offer assistance in improving the physical wellness of the people. Keywords: Cardiorespiratory, Menstrual cycle, expiratory blast test

scholarly journals Influence of Menstrual Cycle Estradiol-β-17 Fluctuations on Energy Substrate Utilization-Oxidation during Aerobic, Endurance Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7209
Author(s):  
Hannah N. Willett ◽  
Kristen J. Koltun ◽  
Anthony C. Hackney
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Fat Utilization

This study examined the effect of estradiol-β-17 across the menstrual cycle (MC) during aerobic exercise on energy substrate utilization and oxidation. Thirty-two eumenorrheic (age = 22.4 ± 3.8 y (mean ± SD)), physically active women participated in two steady-state running sessions at 65% of VO2max, one during the early follicular and one during the luteal phase of the MC. Blood samples were collected at rest before each exercise session and analyzed for Estradiol-β-17 to confirm the MC phase. Carbohydrate (CHO) utilization and oxidation values were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the luteal (utilization: 51.6 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 1.22 ± 0.56 g/min; effect size (ES) = 0.45, 0.27) than follicular phase (utilization: 58.2 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 1.38 ± 0.60 g/min) exercise sessions. Conversely, fat utilization and oxidation values were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the luteal (utilization: 48.4 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 0.49 ± 0.19 g/min; ES = 0.45,0.28) than follicular phase (utilization: 41.8 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 0.41 ± 0.14 g/min). Estradiol-β-17 concentrations were significantly (p < 0.01) greater during the luteal (518.5 ± 285.4 pmol/L; ES = 0.75) than follicular phase (243.8 ± 143.2 pmol/L). Results suggest a greater use of fat and reduced amount of CHO usage during the luteal versus follicular phase, directly related to the change in resting estradiol-β-17. Future research should investigate the role these changes may play in female athletic performance.

Urinary melatonin, LH, oestradiol, progesterone excretion during the menstrual cycle or in women taking oral contraceptives

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyne Brun ◽  
Bruno Claustrat ◽  
Michel David
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Women

Abstract. Nocturnal urinary excretion of melatonin, LH, progesterone and oestradiol was measured by radioimmunoassay in nine normal women during a complete cycle. In addition, these hormonal excretions were studied in two women taking an oral contraceptive. A high within-subject coefficient of variation was observed for melatonin excretion in the two groups. In the nine normal cycling women, melatonin excretion was not decreased at the time of ovulation, but was significantly increased during the luteal phase compared with that of the follicular phase (P < 0.01). These data are consistent with a positive relationship between melatonin and progesterone during the luteal phase. In the two women under an oral contraceptive, melatonin excretion was found within the same range as for the other nine. The results are discussed in terms of pineal investigation in human.

Haemodynamic responses to psychosocial stress during the menstrual cycle

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Manhem ◽  
Christina Jern ◽  
Martin Pilhall ◽  
Guy Shanks ◽  
Sverker Jern
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Plasma Catecholamine Concentrations

1. The haemodynamic effects of hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle were examined in 11 normotensive women (age 20–46 years). The subjects were studied on days 2–8 (follicular phase) and days 18–26 (luteal phase) in a randomized order. A standardized mental stress test and a 24 h recording of ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate were performed. 2. Pre-stress resting levels of heart rate and blood pressure were similar during the two phases of the menstrual cycle. 3. During mental stress, the heart rate response was significantly greater during the luteal phase than during the follicular phase (14.7 versus 9.7 beats/min; P < 0.05). 4. Blood pressure, plasma catecholamine concentrations and subjective stress experience increased significantly in response to stress, without any significant differences between the two phases. 5. During 24 h ambulatory monitoring, higher levels of systolic blood pressure and heart rate were observed in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase (P < 0.005 and P < 0.0001, respectively). 6. These data indicate that cyclic variations in female sex hormones not only affect systolic blood pressure and heart rate, but also alter the haemodynamic responses to psychosocial stress.

scholarly journals Analysis of the physical performance of women in different motor skills during the phases of the menstrual cycle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isadora Cristina Ribeiro ◽  
Joao Paulo Borin
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
The One

The training of a motor skill promotes physical performance and depends on several variables. For women, the menstrual cycle is the one to be highlighted. Studies have focused on the analysis motor skills during this period and emphasize hormonal issues with low attention to the physcal performance. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the physical performance in different motor skills during the phases of the menstrual cycle in two different cycles. During eight weeks, twelve women, divided into a trained and begginer group, underwent training for different motor skills, and at each stage of the menstrual cycle performed performance tests. The results suggest a higher strength of the lower limbs and a greater capacity of endurance in the Luteal phase in relation to the Follicular phase, but for the flexibility there were no significant differences, suggesting that there is no influence of the menstrual cycle on this motor skill.

scholarly journals Injury Incidence Across the Menstrual Cycle in International Footballers

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Martin ◽  
Kate Timmins ◽  
Charlotte Cowie ◽  
Jon Alty ◽  
Ritan Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Tendon Injuries ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Late Follicular Phase

Objectives: This study aimed to assess how menstrual cycle phase and extended menstrual cycle length influence the incidence of injuries in international footballers.Methods: Over a 4-year period, injuries from England international footballers at training camps or matches were recorded, alongside self-reported information on menstrual cycle characteristics at the point of injury. Injuries in eumenorrheic players were categorized into early follicular, late follicular, or luteal phase. Frequencies were also compared between injuries recorded during the typical cycle and those that occurred after the cycle would be expected to have finished. Injury incidence rates (per 1,000 person days) and injury incidence rate ratios were calculated for each phase for all injuries and injuries stratified by type.Results: One hundred fifty-six injuries from 113 players were eligible for analysis. Injury incidence rates per 1,000 person-days were 31.9 in the follicular, 46.8 in the late follicular, and 35.4 in the luteal phase, resulting in injury incidence rate ratios of 1.47 (Late follicular:Follicular), 1.11 (Luteal:Follicular), and 0.76 (Luteal:Late follicular). Injury incident rate ratios showed that muscle and tendon injury rates were 88% greater in the late follicular phase compared to the follicular phase, with muscle rupture/tear/strain/cramps and tendon injuries/ruptures occurring over twice as often during the late follicular phase compared to other phases 20% of injuries were reported as occurring when athletes were “overdue” menses.Conclusion: Muscle and tendon injuries occurred almost twice as often in the late follicular phase compared to the early follicular or luteal phase. Injury risk may be elevated in typically eumenorrheic women in the days after their next menstruation was expected to start.

scholarly journals Menstrual Cycle and Surgical Treatment of Breast Cancer: Findings From the NCCTG N9431 Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (22) ◽  
pp. 3620-3626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive S. Grant ◽  
James N. Ingle ◽  
Vera J. Suman ◽  
Daniel A. Dumesic ◽  
D. Lawrence Wickerham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Menstrual Cycle Phase ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Menstrual History

Purpose For nearly two decades, multiple retrospective reports, small prospective studies, and meta-analyses have arrived at conflicting results regarding the value of timing surgical intervention for breast cancer on the basis of menstrual cycle phase. We present the results of a multi–cooperative group, prospective, observational trial of menstrual cycle phase and outcome after breast cancer surgery, led by the North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) in collaboration with the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) and the International Breast Cancer Study Group (IBCSG). Patients and Methods Premenopausal women age 18 to 55 years, who were interviewed for menstrual history and who were surgically treated for stages I to II breast cancer, had serum drawn within 1 day of surgery for estradiol, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone levels. Menstrual history and hormone levels were used to determine menstrual phase: luteal, follicular, and other. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were determined by Kaplan-Meier method and were compared by using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard modeling. Results Of 1,118 women initially enrolled, 834 women comprised the study cohort: 230 (28%) in luteal phase; 363 (44%) in follicular phase; and 241 grouped as other. During a median follow-up of 6.6 years, and in analysis that accounted for nodal disease, estrogen receptor status, adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy, neither DFS nor OS differed with respect to menstrual phase. The 5-year DFS rates were 82.7%, 82.1%, and 79.2% for follicular, luteal, or other phases, respectively. Corresponding OS survival rates were 91.9%, 92.2%, and 91.8%, respectively. Conclusion When menstrual cycle phases were strictly defined, neither DFS nor OS differed between women who underwent surgery during the follicular phase versus the luteal phase. Nearly 30% of the patients did not meet criteria for either follicular- or luteal-phase categories.

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