A Computerized Prescription Writing Program for Doctors

1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
C. S. Brown ◽  
S. I. Allen ◽  
D. C. Songco
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
Drug Prescriptions ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Writing Program ◽  
Typing Skill ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
Default Options ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Prescription Writing ◽  
Drug Dosages

SummaryA computer-assisted system designed to write drug prescriptions and patient instructions has been in operation in a dermatologist’s office for two years. Almost all prescriptions are generated by the machine. Drug dosages, directions, and labeling phrases are retrieved from a diagnosis-oriented formulary of 300 drug products. A prescription template with preselected default options is displayed on a terminal screen where selection is made with the use of the video pointer. Typing skill is not required, as a detailed prescription can be produced from the use of only five function keys. Prescriptions and sets of relevant instructions for the patient are computer-printed. Therapy summaries for the medical record also are automatically composed and printed.

scholarly journals Expert System for Computer-assisted Annotation of MS/MS Spectra

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1500-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadin Neuhauser ◽  
Annette Michalski ◽  
Jürgen Cox ◽  
Matthias Mann
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Mass Accuracy ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
High Mass Accuracy ◽  
Almost All

An important step in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is the identification of peptides by their fragment spectra. Regardless of the identification score achieved, almost all tandem-MS (MS/MS) spectra contain remaining peaks that are not assigned by the search engine. These peaks may be explainable by human experts but the scale of modern proteomics experiments makes this impractical. In computer science, Expert Systems are a mature technology to implement a list of rules generated by interviews with practitioners. We here develop such an Expert System, making use of literature knowledge as well as a large body of high mass accuracy and pure fragmentation spectra. Interestingly, we find that even with high mass accuracy data, rule sets can quickly become too complex, leading to over-annotation. Therefore we establish a rigorous false discovery rate, calculated by random insertion of peaks from a large collection of other MS/MS spectra, and use it to develop an optimized knowledge base. This rule set correctly annotates almost all peaks of medium or high abundance. For high resolution HCD data, median intensity coverage of fragment peaks in MS/MS spectra increases from 58% by search engine annotation alone to 86%. The resulting annotation performance surpasses a human expert, especially on complex spectra such as those of larger phosphorylated peptides. Our system is also applicable to high resolution collision-induced dissociation data. It is available both as a part of MaxQuant and via a webserver that only requires an MS/MS spectrum and the corresponding peptides sequence, and which outputs publication quality, annotated MS/MS spectra (www.biochem.mpg.de/mann/tools/). It provides expert knowledge to beginners in the field of MS-based proteomics and helps advanced users to focus on unusual and possibly novel types of fragment ions.

scholarly journals Menu-Gestuurde 'Natuurlijke Taal' Interfaces voor Intelligente Onderwijssystemen

1994 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Gellof Kanselaar ◽  
Gijsbert Erkens
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Semantic Parsing ◽  
Typing Skill ◽  
Natural Language Interface ◽  
Dialogue Structure ◽  
First Results ◽  
Actual Interaction

In the DSA-project (Analysis of Dialogue Structure in interactive problem solving) we are studying the relationship between the cognitive aspects of information processing and the communicative process of information exchange during cooperative problem solving. On the basis of analyses of task-dialogues a prototype of a 'Dialogue Monitor' for an "Intelligent" Cooperative System has been implemented. The monitor is the central part of a computer-assisted educational program that 'thinks along' with the student and cooperates in jointly solving a problem task. For the actual interaction with this prototype a menu-based 'natural language' interface has been constructed. By means of interconnected menus the student can select constituents of the utterance he/she wants to create. The interface translates the selections made by the students into 'natural language' (Dutch) sentences. The advantages of this kind of interface are obvious: no ambivalent semantic parsing and no typing skill is required. Furthermore, the interface is very flexible and relatively easy to use. With the interface a large number of different sentences can be constructed (about 3.2 million). The 'Dialogue Monitor' programme has been used experimentally with students (10-12 years old) of two elementary schools. Prerequisites and methods for constructing a menu-based 'natural language' interface are discussed in this article. The first results of students using the interface will be reported.

Supporting the Implementation of Online Learning

2010 ◽  
pp. 1994-1999
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Surry ◽  
David C. Ensminger
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Transportation Energy ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Assisted Instruction ◽  
Adaptive Technologies ◽  
And Training

Technology plays an important role in modern society. It is hard to imagine living in a world without such essential technologies as wireless communication, the Internet, laser surgery, polymers, and jet aircrafts, among countless other examples. Technology has had a profound effect on almost all aspects of our lives including banking, communications, medicine, transportation, energy, and the military. As in these other areas, technology is now playing an increasingly important role in education. A variety of technologies have been introduced into the schools over the last few decades. Among the most common of these are computer assisted instruction, multimedia presentations, classroom management software, and various assistive and adaptive technologies. In more recent years, distance and online learning technologies have advanced to the point where online learning is now a viable option for the delivery of high quality educational and training programs. The potential for technology, especially distance and online learning, to revolutionize education and training is beyond question.

scholarly journals The importance of striving for greater efficiency

Sexual Health ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Lenka A. Vodstrcil ◽  
Tim Read
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sexual Health Care ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Care Costs

Health care costs are rising faster than inflation in almost all developed countries. Improving the efficiency of health care will go some way to address this issue. There has been a significant improvement in the delivery of sexual health care with a particular focus on innovation. In this issue, Baraitser et al. evaluate their services, that uses computer-assisted interviewing combined with self-collected samples in London. This editorial discusses this service in the context of the control of sexually transmissible infections and other recent health care innovations.

Automatic speech recognition in the booth

Target ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Defrancq ◽  
Claudio Fantinuoli
Keyword(s):  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Automatic Speech Recognition ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Error Matrix ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has been proposed as a means to enhance state-of-the-art computer-assisted interpreting (CAI) tools and to allow machine-learning techniques to enter the workflow of professional interpreters. In this article, we test the usefulness of real-time transcription with number highlighting of a source speech for simultaneous interpreting using InterpretBank ASR. The system’s precision is high (96%) and its latency low enough to fit interpreters’ ear–voice span (EVS). We evaluate the potential benefits among first-time users of this technology by applying an error matrix and by investigating the users’ subjective perceptions through a questionnaire. The results show that the ASR provision improves overall performance for almost all number types. Interaction with the ASR support is varied and participants consult it for just over half of the stimuli. The study also provides some evidence of the psychological benefits of ASR availability and of overreliance on ASR support.

Long-Term Storage Facility for Reactor Compartments in Sayda Bay: German Support for Utilization of Nuclear Submarines in Russia

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Wolff ◽  
Holger Vo¨lzke ◽  
Wolfgang Weber ◽  
Volker Noack ◽  
Gu¨nther Ba¨uerle
Keyword(s):  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Storage Facility ◽  
Nuclear Submarine ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Global Partnership ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Interim Storage ◽  
Term Storage

The German-Russian project that is part of the G8 initiative on Global Partnership Against the Spread of Weapons and Materials of Mass Destruction focuses on the speedy construction of a land-based interim storage facility for nuclear submarine reactor compartments at Sayda Bay near Murmansk. This project includes the required infrastructure facilities for long-term storage of about 150 reactor compartments for a period of about 70 years. The interim storage facility is a precondition for effective activities of decommissioning and dismantlement of almost all nuclear-powered submarines of the Russian Northern Fleet. The project also includes the establishment of a computer-assisted waste monitoring system. In addition, the project involves clearing Sayda Bay of other shipwrecks of the Russian navy. On the German side the project is carried out by the Energiewerke Nord GmbH (EWN) on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour (BMWi). On the Russian side the Kurchatov Institute holds the project management of the long-term interim storage facility in Sayda Bay, whilst the Nerpa Shipyard, which is about 25 km away from the storage facility, is dismantling the submarines and preparing the reactor compartments for long-term interim storage. The technical monitoring of the German part of this project, being implemented by BMWi, is the responsibility of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM). This paper gives an overview of the German-Russian project and a brief description of solutions for nuclear submarine disposal in other countries. At Nerpa shipyard, being refurbished with logistic and technical support from Germany, the reactor compartments are sealed by welding, provided with biological shielding, subjected to surface treatment and conservation measures. Using floating docks, a tugboat tows the reactor compartments from Nerpa shipyard to the interim storage facility at Sayda Bay where they will be left on the on-shore concrete storage space to allow the radioactivity to decay. For transport of reactor compartments at the shipyard, at the dock and at the storage facility, hydraulic keel blocks, developed and supplied by German subcontractors, are used. In July 2006 the first stage of the reactor compartment storage facility was commissioned and the first seven reactor compartments have been delivered from Nerpa shipyard. Following transports of reactor compartments to the storage facility are expected in 2007.

scholarly journals Centrifugation Force and Time Alter CASA Parameters and Oxidative Status of Cryopreserved Stallion Sperm

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Marzano ◽  
Natalina Moscatelli ◽  
Mariangela Di Giacomo ◽  
Nicola Antonio Martino ◽  
Giovanni Michele Lacalandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Force ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Fragmentation Index ◽  
Almost All

Conventional sperm selection techniques used in ARTs rely on centrifugation steps. To date, the different studies reported on the effects of centrifugation on stallion sperm motility provided contrasting results and do not include effects on mitochondrial functionality and different oxidative parameters. The effects of different centrifugation protocols (300× g for 5′, 300× g for 10′, 1500× g for 5′ and 1500× g for 10′ vs. no centrifugation) on motility and oxidative status in cryopreserved stallion sperm, were analyzed. After centrifugation, almost all motility parameters were significantly altered, as observed by computer-assisted sperm analysis. A polarographic assay of oxygen consumption showed a progressive decrease in mitochondria respiration from the gentlest to the strongest protocol. By laser scanning confocal microscopy, significant reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, at any tested protocol, and time-dependent effects, at the same centrifugal force, were found. Increased DNA fragmentation index at any tested protocol and time-dependent effects at the same centrifugal force were found, whereas increased protein carbonylation was observed only at the strongest centrifugal force. These results provide more comprehensive understandings on centrifugation-induced effects on cryopreserved stallion sperm and suggest that, even at a weak force for a short time, centrifugation impairs different aspects of equine sperm metabolism and functionality.

Software Reviews

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-32
Author(s):  
Richard Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Career Guidance ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Special Edition ◽  
System A ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Software Reviews ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Accurate Reflection ◽  
Made In

As a first step towards preparation of a collection of reviews of computer-assisted career guidance packages, guidelines for evaluation of such packages were published in the Journal (Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 40–42). Comments on the guidelines, which were prepared by Dr Esther Care, were sought from readers. These and other guidelines formed the basis of a document sent to potential reviewers of packages for this special edition. The process began by consulting practitioners, publishers and others knowledgeable in the field to ensure that as wide a range as possible of systems available in Australia would be covered in the reviews. Letters were sent to publishers and distributors requesting descriptive information about the nature of each system, its intended clients, cost and hardware requirements. For each system, a representative list of purchasers was requested from the distributor or publisher. These lists were used to ensure that a wide range of practitioners and regions of Australia would be encompassed in the reviews. We are also particularly pleased to have information from two neighbouring countries, New Zealand and Singapore, about systems developed and in use there. From the lists provided, two purchasers of each system were selected from different types of organisations and from different states or territories. Letters inviting reviews were sent, together with the document of suggested guidelines for comment. It was stressed that the guidelines were no more than that, and that comment in any form would be welcome. Not all potential reviewers approached were able to undertake the task and a few “reserves” were called upon. Nevertheless a good cross-section of types of users and almost all regions of Australia are represented in the replies. The entries in the Journal are either directly as submitted or have been paraphrased from the summary comments made in response to the guidelines. In each of the latter cases, the paraphrased material was confirmed by the reviewer as an accurate reflection of the comments made.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document