The Center for International Biomedical Communications Research

1966 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
A. Kent ◽  
P. J. Vinken
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
English Language ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
Excerpta Medica Foundation

A joint center has been established by the University of Pittsburgh and the Excerpta Medica Foundation. The basic objective of the Center is to seek ways in which the health sciences community may achieve increasingly convenient and economical access to scientific findings. The research center will make use of facilities and resources of both participating institutions. Cooperating from the University of Pittsburgh will be the School of Medicine, the Computation and Data Processing Center, and the Knowledge Availability Systems (KAS) Center. The KAS Center is an interdisciplinary organization engaging in research, operations, and teaching in the information sciences.Excerpta Medica Foundation, which is the largest international medical abstracting service in the world, with offices in Amsterdam, New York, London, Milan, Tokyo and Buenos Aires, will draw on its permanent medical staff of 54 specialists in charge of the 35 abstracting journals and other reference works prepared and published by the Foundation, the 700 eminent clinicians and researchers represented on its International Editorial Boards, and the 6,000 physicians who participate in its abstracting programs throughout the world. Excerpta Medica will also make available to the Center its long experience in the field, as well as its extensive resources of medical information accumulated during the Foundation’s twenty years of existence. These consist of over 1,300,000 English-language _abstract of the world’s biomedical literature, indexes to its abstracting journals, and the microfilm library in which complete original texts of all the 3,000 primary biomedical journals, monitored by Excerpta Medica in Amsterdam are stored since 1960.The objectives of the program of the combined Center include: (1) establishing a firm base of user relevance data; (2) developing improved vocabulary control mechanisms; (3) developing means of determining confidence limits of vocabulary control mechanisms in terms of user relevance data; 4. developing and field testing of new or improved media for providing medical literature to users; 5. developing methods for determining the relationship between learning and relevance in medical information storage and retrieval systems’; and (6) exploring automatic methods for retrospective searching of the specialized indexes of Excerpta Medica.The priority projects to be undertaken by the Center are (1) the investigation of the information needs of medical scientists, and (2) the development of a highly detailed Master List of Biomedical Indexing Terms. Excerpta Medica has already been at work on the latter project for several years.

scholarly journals PERINATAL AND INFANT MORTALITY IN THE TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION AND UKRAINE AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE WORLD: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND POSSIBLE PROBLEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-608
Author(s):  
Ivan M. Rogach ◽  
Gennady O. Slabkiy ◽  
Renata Y. Pogorilyak ◽  
Angelika O. Keretsman ◽  
Ivan I. Gadzhega
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Database ◽  
The World ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Economic Institute ◽  
The University ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this article was to analyze the dynamics of perinatal mortality and mortality up to 1 year in the Transcarpathian region and Ukraine in comparison with other countries of Europe and the world. Materials and methods: The study is based on data from the Transcarpathian Regional Medical Information and Analytical Center, the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the European database «Health for All» and the Center for Research of Health Services at the University of Kent, Kiev Economic Institute of the Kiev School of Economics (July 2017). Review: In 2016, mortality under the age of 1 year in Ukraine amounted to 7.4 per 1000 live births, which is 13.5% lower than the same indicator in 2012 (8.4). According to perinatal mortality, in Ukraine this indicator has a level of 8.59 ‰, while the average in the EU countries does not exceed 6.01 ‰. Conclusions: Perinatal and mortality rates up to 1 year in the Transcarpathian region, as in Ukraine as a whole, are an order of magnitude higher than the European average. The same negative trend in the survival of newborns in Transcarpathia and in Ukraine.

The Pittsburgh Kantians: Brandom, Conant, Haugeland, and McDowell on Kant

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Jacob Browning
Keyword(s):  
Shared Reading ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
John Mcdowell ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Transcendental Deduction ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Reading ◽  
John Haugeland ◽  
The University

Abstract Over the last thirty years, a group of philosophers associated with the University of Pittsburgh—Robert Brandom, James Conant, John Haugeland, and John McDowell—have developed a novel reading of Kant. Their interest turns on Kant’s problem of objective purport: how can my thoughts be about the world? This paper summarizes the shared reading of Kant’s Transcendental Deduction by these four philosophers and how it solves the problem of objective purport. But I also show these philosophers radically diverge in how they view Kant’s relevance for contemporary philosophy. I highlight an important distinction between those that hold a quietist response to Kant, evident in Conant and McDowell, and those that hold a constructive response, evident in Brandom and Haugeland. The upshot is that the Pittsburgh Kantians have a distinctive approach to Kant, but also radically different responses to his problem of objective purport.

scholarly journals The Alert Collector: Transgender Culture and Resources

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Jeannie Bail ◽  
Ailsa Craig
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
School Board ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Diversity Awareness ◽  
Cultural Imaginary ◽  
The World ◽  
Gloucester County ◽  
The University

In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of transgender culture, issues, and experiences. In popular culture, trans celebrities such as Laverne Cox, Chaz Bono, and Janet Mock have been a part of this shift, often acting as celebrity spokespeople to increase understanding of trans issues. Even with the greater visibility of trans lives in popular culture, ongoing court battles like G.G. v. Gloucester County School Board (a US case centered on trans students’ rights to use communal bathrooms congruent with their gender) demonstrate the need for greater understanding and acceptance.As co-authors, we have had the privilege of working with materials on loan from the Transgender Archives at the University of Victoria (Canada), the largest transgender archive in the world. This experience, which included collecting comments from library patrons who viewed the collection materials, highlighted for us the role that libraries and archives play in laying the groundwork for increased diversity, awareness, and inclusion related to trans lives, culture, and community. It is not only a matter of meeting the information needs of those who are coming out as transgender, but the wider community of family (spouses, children, parents, etc.), friends, and allies. And, alongside the value of providing information with direct practical application, patrons’ comments underscored how the inclusion of trans resources at the library enriches our cultural imaginary, and creates the space for imagining and living what they have sometimes felt to be “impossible lives.”

scholarly journals The Central Asian Journal of Global Health to Increase Scientific Productivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Freese ◽  
Eugene Shubnikov ◽  
Ron LaPorte ◽  
Shalkar Adambekov ◽  
Sholpan Askarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
English Language ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Open Access Publishing ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The University

The WHO Collaborating Center at the University of Pittsburgh, USA partnering with Nazarbayev University, developed the Central Asian Journal of Global Health (CAJGH, cajgh.pitt.edu) in order to increase scientific productivity in Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Scientists in this region often have difficulty publishing in upper tier English language scientific journals due to language barriers, high publication fees, and a lack of access to mentoring services. CAJGH seeks to help scientists overcome these challenges by providing peer-reviewed publication free of change with English and research mentoring services available to selected authors.CAJGH began as a way to expand the Supercourse scientific network (www.pitt.edu/~super1) in the Central Asian region in order to rapidly disseminate educational materials. The network began with approximately 60 individuals in five Central Asian countries and has grown to over 1,300 in a few short years. The CAJGH website receives nearly 900 visits per month.The University of Pittsburgh's “open access publishing system” was utilized to create CAJGH in 2012. There are two branches of the CAJGH editorial board: Astana (at the Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University) and Pittsburgh (WHO Collaborating Center). Both are comprised of leading scientists and expert staff who work together throughout the review and publication process. Two complete issues have been published since 2012 and a third is now underway. Even though CAJGH is a new journal, the editorial board uses a rigorous review process; fewer than 50% of all submitted articles are forwarded to peer review or accepted for publication. Furthermore, in 2014, CAJGH will apply to be cross referenced in PubMed and Scopes.CAJGH is one of the first English language journals in the Central Asian region that reaches a large number of scientists. This journal fills a unique niche that will assist scientists in Kazakhstan and Central Asia publish their research findings and share their knowledge with others around the region and the world.

scholarly journals THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF THE PROMINENT ESTONIAN LINGUIST MATI HINT

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Szilárd Tibor Tóth
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Estonian Language ◽  
The University ◽  
The Russian Language

The scientific views of the famous Estonian linguist, public figure and politician, legendary professor of the University of Tallinn, Mati Hint (1937-2019), cover a wide range of Estonian philology, from phonetics to linguistic politics and the research of linguistic landscape. The number of his scientific works is well over 300. Mati Hint was characterized by a constant opposition to the mainstream. He popularized the South Estonian Tartu literary language, which had become extinct at the beginning of the 20th century, by publishing several scientific articles on this subject. Hint provided an innovative description of the phonological system, morphophonology and the grade alternation of the Estonian language. According to his concept, in the Estonian language, three longitudes of phonemes cannot be distinguished. Three longitudes can have a syllable. Thus, Estonian is not an unique language that differs from all other languages of the world, but on the contrary, it fits perfectly into all languages of the world. In many works he explains the problems of contacts between the Estonian and the Russian languages. Hint indicates the consequences of bilingualism, which may result in semilingualism, and in extreme cases in a language shift. A large language can be pidginized and creolized. According to the current period, professor Hint attributed to the English language similar roles in relation to Estonian, which he attributed to the Russian language during Perestroika.

scholarly journals An Atomic Approach to the Design and Implementation of a Research Data Warehouse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam Visweswaran ◽  
Brian McLay ◽  
Nickie Capella ◽  
Michele Morris ◽  
John T Milnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
The University

Objective As a long-standing Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program hub, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) developed and implemented a modern research data warehouse (RDW) to efficiently provision electronic patient data for clinical and translational research. Methods Because UPMC is one of the largest health care systems in the US with multiple vendors' electronic health record (EHR) systems, we designed and implemented an RDW named Neptune to serve the specific needs of our CTSA. Neptune uses an atomic design where data is stored at a high level of granularity as represented in source systems. Neptune contains robust patient identity management tailored for research; integrates patient data from multiple sources, including EHRs, health plans, and research studies; and includes knowledge for mapping to standard terminologies. Neptune enables efficient provisioning of data to large analytics-oriented data models and to individual investigators. Results Neptune contains data for more than 5 million patients longitudinally organized as HIPAA Limited Data with dates and includes structured EHR data, clinical documents, health insurance claims, and research data. Neptune is used as a source for patient data for hundreds of IRB-approved research projects by local investigators and for national projects such as the Accrual to Clinical Trials (ACT) network, the All of Us Research Program, and the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network. Discussion The design of Neptune was heavily influenced by the large size of UPMC, the varied data sources, and the rich partnership between the University and the healthcare system. It features several desiderata of an RDW, including robust protected health information management, an extensible information storage model, and binding to standard terminologies at the time of data delivery. It also includes several unique aspects, including the physical warehouse straddling the University of Pittsburgh and UPMC networks and management under a HIPAA Business Associates Agreement.

Role of Librarians and Medical Information Experts in Response to Covid-19 in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-304
Author(s):  
Nasrin Aliasghari
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Knowledge Brokers

Human being has always faced different critical situations and unpredictable events such as floods, earthquakes and terrible infectious diseases such as cholera, plague, tuberculosis and influenza. However, it is believed that the Coronavirus (Covid-19) has been the most shocking pandemic that led to destructive effects in all geographical areas of the world and all aspect of terrestrial life. The governments increasingly enact quarantines, curfews, closures, and other restrictive controls against the countries, citizens, and institutions and deploy their facilities to tackle the infection and prevent its spread (1). Amid the anxiety of lock downs and the cancellation of educational programs around the world, researcher support has not stopped, and a group of knowledge brokers, led by librarians and medical informantionists, are constantly providing information services. Information is an urgent and essential commodity in any crisis. Therefore, librarians and information experts have to be always prepared to meet the information needs of society and provide the users with access to information.

Contemporary Transplantation Initiatives: Where's the Harm in Them?

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P.T. Price
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
The World ◽  
Organ Removal ◽  
Cadaver Organ ◽  
The University ◽  
Pittsburgh Medical

Two contemporary strategies in cadaver organ transplantation, both with the potential to affect significantly expanding organ transplant waiting list sizes, have evolved: elective ventilation (EV) and use of nonheart-beating donors (NHBDs). Both are undergoing a period of critical review. It is not clear how widely EV is practiced around the world. In Great Britain, the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital was the first hospital to develop an EV protocol (the Exeter Protocol), in 1988, after which other British hospitals followed suit. In the 1980s, new NHBD protocols of two distinct types were implemented worldwide, although both rely on death confirmed by traditional cardiopulmonary criteria. The first type involves the removal of organs immediately after death, the preeminent example being the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Protocol (the Pittsburgh Protocol). The second involves the perfusion and cooling of kidneys immediately following death and subsequent organ removal. Protocols of this type have sprung up in Holland, Great Britain (for example, at Leicester General Hospital), Italy, France, Spain, Japan, and the United States (for example, the Regional Organ Bank of Illinois).

scholarly journals Finding the sweet spot: Learners’ productive knowledge of mid-frequency lexical items

2021 ◽  
pp. 136216882110204
Author(s):  
Ben Naismith ◽  
Alan Juffs
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Learner Corpus ◽  
Word Families ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
The University

Research into vocabulary knowledge often differentiates between breadth (how many words a person knows) and depth (how well the words are known). Both theoretical categories are essential for understanding language learners’ lexical development, but how the different aspects of vocabulary knowledge interconnect has not received the same attention as each individual dimension, especially in terms of productive knowledge. This study analyses lexis from mid-frequency lemmas in the K3–K9 frequency bands from the learner corpus PELIC (The University of Pittsburgh English Language Corpus). Critically for learners, mastery of lexis in this frequency range is essential for achieving the English proficiency required for university study. From these mid-frequency items, a dataset of 7,554 tokens were collected from word families with multiple derivations and manually annotated. The findings showed high rates of collocational and derivational accuracy for the forms learners opted to use. However, compared to expert speaker texts in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), learners overused the verb forms and underused the noun forms of these lexical items. These patterns provide evidence of the interplay between breadth and depth in learners’ productive vocabulary usage, suggesting that increased lexical depth will naturally lead to greater lexical breadth and vice versa. Pedagogical implications reaffirm the importance of developing learners’ explicit morphological awareness and collocational accuracy. Suggestions for mid-frequency lexical items to prioritize in language learning are also provided, with a view to helping learners achieve academic readiness.

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