scholarly journals Hearing Assessment of Neonates at Risk for Hearing Loss at a Hearing Health High Complexity Service: An Electrophysiological Assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Flavia Mara Reis ◽  
Claudia Gonçalves ◽  
Juliana Conto ◽  
Milena Iantas ◽  
Débora Lüders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Hearing Assessment ◽  
Hearing Health

Introduction Hearing is the main sensory access in the first years of life. Therefore, early detection and intervention of hearing impairment must begin before the first year of age. Objective To analyze the results of the electrophysiological hearing assessment of children at risk for hearing loss as part of the newborn hearing screening (NHS). Methods This is a cross-sectional study held at a hearing health public service clinic located in Brazil, with 104 babies at risks factors for hearing loss referred by public hospitals. A questionnaire was applied to parents, and the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test was held, identifying those with alterations in the results. The outcome of the NHS was also analyzed regarding risk factor, gestational age and gender. Results Among the 104 subjects, most of them were male (53.85%), and the main risk factor found was the admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for a period longer than 5 days (50.93%). Eighty-five (81.73%) subjects were screened by NHS at the maternity and 40% of them failed the test. Through the ABR test, 6 (5.77%) infants evidenced sensorineural hearing loss, 4 of them being diagnosed at 4 months, and 2 at 6 months of age; all of them failed the NHS and had family history and admission at NICU for over 5 days as the most prevalent hearing risks; in addition, family members of all children perceived their hearing impairment. Conclusion Advances could be observed regarding the age of the diagnosis after the implementation of the NHS held at the analyzed public service clinic.

Absence of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Treated Infants and Children with Congenital Toxoplasmosis

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese McGee ◽  
Cheryl Wolters ◽  
Laszlo Stein ◽  
Nina Kraus ◽  
Daniel Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Auditory Function ◽  
Serial Testing ◽  
Brainstem Response

Educationally significant hearing loss has been reported in 10% to 15% of children with congenital toxoplasmosis. As part of a pilot study to assess feasibility and safety of prolonged therapy for congenital toxoplasmosis, 30 congenially infected infants and children were evaluated for auditory function. Serial testing, beginning within 2 months of birth, was performed. Availability of auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing made evaluation at an earlier age than previously possible. Six (20%) of the 30 infants had mild to moderate conductive type hearing loss associated with otitis media. No infant or child had sensorineural hearing loss. The better outcome we observed compared to previous reports of a 15% to 26% incidence of sensorineural hearing loss and 10% to 15% incidence of educationally significant, bilateral hearing impairment may be related to early initiation and/or prolonged institution of antimicrobial therapy. Continued followup to exclude progressive hearing impairment and study of larger numbers of children are needed to verify these preliminary findings.

scholarly journals Deafness and Its Burdens - Prevention and Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Shuaib Kayode Aremu
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Acoustic Emissions ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Skilled Manpower ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Years Lived With Disability ◽  
And Control

There is high burden of deafness globally is largely preventable and may be avoidable. Over 5% of the population of the world (466 million people) are living with disabling hearing loss (432 million adults and 34 million children). In 2002 WHO noticed that hearing loss has become a burden globally and major attentions were being paid on children and youth with adult being neglected. Hearing loss is the second most common cause of years lived with disability .Hearing impairment occurs when there is reduction in hearing acuity. Hearing impairment is a neglected chronic otological disorder with varying aetiology. Permanent childhood hearing loss is a significant health condition and its detection through screening with oto-acoustic emissions and/or auditory brainstem response is feasible and made early intervention possible and rewarding. Nationwide disability surveys estimated that hearing loss is the second most common cause of disability. This has posed a greater challenge to the practice of otolaryngology worldwide. A lack of skilled manpower, human resources and diagnostic facilities make this problem a huge challenge.

scholarly journals ABR profile in children with congenital rubella syndrome at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Wijana Wijana ◽  
Alfira Ulfa
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Congenital Glaucoma ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
Brainstem Response

Background: Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) refer to a condition of variable birth defects, such as hearing impairment, congenital heart defects, cataract or congenital glaucoma, and others. In Indonesia, the incidence rate of rubella infection in 2015 was 3.2 per 100.000 live birth and increasing to 5.6 per 100.000 live birth in 2017. Rubella vaccination can decrease the incidence of CRS, however it has not been implemented in many developing country. Hearing impairment is the most common clinical manifestation among CRS cases. Purpose: This study was performed to know the hearing profile on CRS from January until December 2018, at Hasan Sadikin Hospital. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study design was conducted. Data was obtained from medical records and Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) results, between January until December 2018, at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Results: There were 60 CRS patients, 53 of them (88%) had hearing loss. Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) in 27 patients (45%), severe SNHL in 18 patients (30%), 3 of them were unilateral, moderate unilateral SNHL in 3 patients (5%), mild SNHL in 5 patients (8%) consisted of 2 unilateral SNHL and 3 bilateral SNHL. Normal hearing in 7 patients (12%). Conclusion: Eighty eight percent of CRS patients had hearing loss, 75% with bilateral SNHL. Follow-up and management for these patients required multidisciplinary approach such as paediatrics, ophthalmologic, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and parental support. Latar belakang: Sindrom Rubella Kongenital (SRK) mengacu pada berbagai kondisi cacat lahir, seperti gangguan pendengaran, cacat jantung kongenital, katarak atau glaukoma kongenital, dan lain-lain. Di Indonesia, tingkat kejadian infeksi rubella pada tahun 2015 adalah 3,2 per 100,000 kelahiran hidup dan meningkat menjadi 5,6 per 100,000 kelahiran hidup pada tahun 2017. Vaksinasi rubella dapat mengurangi kejadian SRK, namun belum diterapkan di banyak negara berkembang. Gangguan pendengaran adalah manifestasi klinis paling umum di antara kasus SRK. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil pendengaran pada SRK, dari Januari sampai dengan Desember 2018, di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif retrospektif. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis dan hasil Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) antara Januari hingga Desember 2018 di Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung. Hasil: Didapatkan 60 pasien SRK, 53 pasien (88%) mengalami gangguan pendengaran. Gangguan pendengaran sensorineural (GPSN) sangat berat terdapat pada 27 pasien (45%), GPSN berat pada 18 pasien (30%), 3 di antaranya adalah GPSN unilateral. GPSN unilateral sedang pada 3 pasien (5%), GPSN ringan pada 5 pasien (8%) terdiri dari 2 gangguan pendengaran unilateral dan 3 GPSN bilateral. Pendengaran normal pada 7 pasien (12%). Kesimpulan: Delapan puluh delapan persen pasien SRK mengalami gangguan pendengaran, 75% dengan GPSN bilateral. Tindak lanjut dan penatalaksanaan untuk pasien ini memerlukan pendekatan multidisiplin: spesialis THT, spesialis anak, spesialis mata, spesialis kedokteran fisik dan rehabilitasi, serta dukungan orang tua.

scholarly journals Prevention of acquired sensorineural hearing loss in mice by in vivo Htra2 gene editing

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Gu ◽  
Daqi Wang ◽  
Zhijiao Xu ◽  
Jinghan Wang ◽  
Luo Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Brainstem Response

Abstract Background Aging, noise, infection, and ototoxic drugs are the major causes of human acquired sensorineural hearing loss, but treatment options are limited. CRISPR/Cas9 technology has tremendous potential to become a new therapeutic modality for acquired non-inherited sensorineural hearing loss. Here, we develop CRISPR/Cas9 strategies to prevent aminoglycoside-induced deafness, a common type of acquired non-inherited sensorineural hearing loss, via disrupting the Htra2 gene in the inner ear which is involved in apoptosis but has not been investigated in cochlear hair cell protection. Results The results indicate that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of CRISPR/SpCas9 system ameliorates neomycin-induced apoptosis, promotes hair cell survival, and significantly improves hearing function in neomycin-treated mice. The protective effect of the AAV–CRISPR/Cas9 system in vivo is sustained up to 8 weeks after neomycin exposure. For more efficient delivery of the whole CRISPR/Cas9 system, we also explore the AAV–CRISPR/SaCas9 system to prevent neomycin-induced deafness. The in vivo editing efficiency of the SaCas9 system is 1.73% on average. We observed significant improvement in auditory brainstem response thresholds in the injected ears compared with the non-injected ears. At 4 weeks after neomycin exposure, the protective effect of the AAV–CRISPR/SaCas9 system is still obvious, with the improvement in auditory brainstem response threshold up to 50 dB at 8 kHz. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the safe and effective prevention of aminoglycoside-induced deafness via Htra2 gene editing and support further development of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the treatment of non-inherited hearing loss as well as other non-inherited diseases.

scholarly journals Chronic Oral Selegiline Treatment Mitigates Age-Related Hearing Loss in BALB/c Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2853
Author(s):  
Judit Szepesy ◽  
Viktória Humli ◽  
János Farkas ◽  
Ildikó Miklya ◽  
Júlia Tímár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
High Frequency Hearing Loss ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hearing Function ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Aging Societies ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), a sensorineural hearing loss of multifactorial origin, increases its prevalence in aging societies. Besides hearing aids and cochlear implants, there is no FDA approved efficient pharmacotherapy to either cure or prevent ARHL. We hypothesized that selegiline, an antiparkinsonian drug, could be a promising candidate for the treatment due to its complex neuroprotective, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and dopaminergic neurotransmission enhancing effects. We monitored by repeated Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) measurements the effect of chronic per os selegiline administration on the hearing function in BALB/c and DBA/2J mice, which strains exhibit moderate and rapid progressive high frequency hearing loss, respectively. The treatments were started at 1 month of age and lasted until almost a year and 5 months of age, respectively. In BALB/c mice, 4 mg/kg selegiline significantly mitigated the progression of ARHL at higher frequencies. Used in a wide dose range (0.15–45 mg/kg), selegiline had no effect in DBA/2J mice. Our results suggest that selegiline can partially preserve the hearing in certain forms of ARHL by alleviating its development. It might also be otoprotective in other mammals or humans.

Antioxidant Enzyme Levels Inversely Covary with Hearing Loss After Amikacin Treatment

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Klemens ◽  
Robert P. Meech ◽  
Larry F. Hughes ◽  
Satu Somani ◽  
Kathleen C.M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Difference

This study's purpose was to determine if a correlation exists between cochlear antioxidant activity changes and auditory function after induction of aminoglycoside (AG) ototoxicity. Two groups of five 250-350 g albino guinea pigs served as subjects. For 28 days, albino guinea pigs were administered either 200 mg/kg/day amikacin, or saline subcutaneously. Auditory brainstem response testing was performed prior to the first injection and again before sacrifice, 28 days later. Cochleae were harvested and superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase activities and malondialdehyde levels were measured. All antioxidant enzymes had significantly lower activity in the amikacin group (p ≤ 0.05) than in the control group. The difference in cochlear antioxidant enzyme activity between groups inversely correlated significantly with the change in ABR thresholds. The greatest correlation was for the high frequencies, which are most affected by aminoglycosides. This study demonstrates that antioxidant enzyme activity and amikacin-induced hearing loss significantly covary.

scholarly journals Phenotype of the Aging-Dependent Spontaneous Onset of Hearing Loss in DBA/2 Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Min-Soo Seo ◽  
Byeonghyeon Lee ◽  
Kyung-Ku Kang ◽  
Soo-Eun Sung ◽  
Joo-Hee Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Hearing Ability ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Spontaneous Onset

DBA/2 mice are a well-known animal model for hearing loss developed due to intrinsic properties of these animals. However, results on the phenotype of hearing loss in DBA/2 mice have been mainly reported at an early stage in mice aged ≤7 weeks. Instead, the present study evaluated the hearing ability at 5, 13, and 34 weeks of age using DBA/2korl mice. Auditory brainstem response test was performed at 8–32 KHz at 5, 13, and 34 weeks of age, and hearing loss was confirmed to be induced in a time-dependent manner. In addition, histopathological evaluation at the same age confirmed the morphological damage of the cochlea. The findings presented herein are the results of the long-term observation of the phenotype of hearing loss in DBA/2 mice and can be useful in studies related to aging-dependent hearing loss.

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