The Platelet of the Newborn Infant 5-hydroxytryptamine Uptake and Release

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
June M. Whaun
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Platelet Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
5 Ht Uptake ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Uptake And Release

SummaryIt is well recognized that some newborn infants experience unexplainable bruising, petechiae, and occasionally, intraventricular hemorrhage.Total endogenous 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 14C-5-HT uptake and release Aver e studied as part of a comprehensive survey.Total endogenous 5-HT levels were assayed in platelets of normal adult subjects, parturient mothers, and full-term normal newborn infants. Mean values expressed as micromoles per 1011 platelets were 0.186 ±0.018 (S.E.), 0.138 ±0.02, and 0.069 ± 0.008 respectively. Mean values expressed as nanomoles per milligram platelet protein were 0.417±0.03 (S.E.), 0.371 ±0.04, 0.161 ±0.02, respectively. No significant difference was noted between samples from adult controls and those from mothers. Newborn platelets were significantly different from either adult control platelets or maternal platelets. 14C-5-HT binding was measured in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the three groups. No significant difference between the three groups was noted. 14C-5-HT release following addition of solubilized collagen to PRP was measured in each of the three groups. No significant difference was noted in samples from adult normal controls (mean value 53.2 ±2.5%) and samples from mothers who had not ingested aspirin or other drugs (mean value 53.7 ±3.4%). Newborn platelet samples in contrast did not release as completely as platelet samples of the other two groups (mean value 37.2±2.4%).Newborn platelets have both low serotonin stores, which may reflect immaturity of intestinal secretory function or block in amine synthesis, and an intrinsically defective reíase reaction which may reflect immaturity of membrane structure. Both these findings may provide further insight into altered hemostasis in the newborn.

A new simpler approach to measure the strength of toe plantar flexion requiring no mechanical restraint with a light-weight device

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110029
Author(s):  
Yuko Komuro ◽  
Yuji Ohta
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ankle Joints ◽  
The Mean

Conventionally, the strength of toe plantar flexion (STPF) is measured in a seated position, in which not only the target toe joints but also the knee and particularly ankle joints, are usually restrained. We have developed an approach for the measurement of STPF which does not involve restraint and considers the interactions of adjacent joints of the lower extremities. This study aimed to evaluate this new approach and comparing with the seated approach. A thin, light-weight, rigid plate was attached to the sole of the foot in order to immobilize the toe area. Participants were 13 healthy young women (mean age: 24 ± 4 years). For measurement of STPF with the new approach, participants were instructed to stand, raise the device-wearing leg slightly, plantar flex the ankle, and push the sensor sheet with the toes to exert STPF. The sensor sheet of the F-scan II system was inserted between the foot sole and the plate. For measurement with the seated approach, participants were instructed to sit and push the sensor with the toes. They were required to maintain the hip, knee, and ankle joints at 90°. The mean values of maximum STPF of the 13 participants obtained with each approach were compared. There was no significant difference in mean value of maximum STPF when the two approaches were compared (new: 59 ± 23 N, seated: 47 ± 33 N). The coefficient of variation of maximum STPF was smaller for data obtained with the new approach (new: 39%, seated: 70%). Our simple approach enables measurement of STPF without the need for the restraints that are required for the conventional seated approach. These results suggest that the new approach is a valid method for measurement of STPF.

Comparative assessment of odontometric parameters for gender determination: A hospital based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Mosmi Lomi ◽  
Jonathan Daniel M
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Maxillary Canine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gender Determination ◽  
Significant Difference

Determining gender is one of the most important procedure in forensics. Teeth are made of the most enduring mineralized tissues in the body, as such, they have an extraordinary resistance to putrefaction and the effects of external agents (physical, thermal, mechanical, chemical or biological) which makes them invaluable material for anthropological, genetic, odontologic and forensic examinations.i)To assess the degree of sexual dimorphism in maxillary canine using maxillary canine index, maxillary first molar and central incisor using mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual/buccopalatal (BL) dimensions of the crown. ii) To determine the accuracy of maxillary canine index, first molar and central incisor dimensions (mesiodistal and buccolingual/buccopalatal) in determining sex.This study consisted of total 30 participants (males=15, females=15) of age group ranging from 20 to 35 yrs. Measurement of dimensions of selected teeth were performed on maxillary cast using digital Vernier caliper, resolution 0.01mm. Data thus obtained were analyzed statistically.The mean values of all the measurements in males were greater than females. There was statistical significant difference in mean value of bucco-lingual width of molar, mesiodistal width of canine (on left side, right side and average) and the inter-canine distance between males and females. The buccolingual width of molar showed the highest % of sexual dimorphism (5.33%) and the mesiodistal width of molar showed the least % of dimorphism (0.7%). Bucco-lingual width of molar posed the highest prediction accuracy for gender determination. We conclude that buccolingual width of maxillary first molar can be used to predict the gender when only teeth of maxillary arch are available for forensic examination.

scholarly journals The Effect of Smoking on the Lipid Profile of Inhabitant Smokers of Hasilpur, District Bahawalpur, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Mushtaq Hussain Lashari ◽  
Sumbel Sumera ◽  
Umer Farooq ◽  
Zia Ur Rehman ◽  
Nuzhat Sial ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Heavy Smoker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Light ◽  
Heavy Smokers

Background: Health problem are culturally associated with smoking in developing countries. Many hazardous chemicals are taken up by direct or passive smoking causing lipid peroxidation resulting in oxidative stress. Objectives: To estimate the occurrence of smoking and its effects on the lipid profile in populations of Hasilpur, Pakistan. Methodology: The current study was conducted from April - August 2014. Out of 247 apparently healthy subjects of both genders (male=220; female=27), 134 were smokers and 113 were non-smokers. In order to analyze lipid profile, blood samples were collected in early morning hours from the selected members who were asked to fast all night. By using Chem-100 chemistry analyzer, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL and VLDL were analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of smokers was 54.25%. The results showed 60.9% prevalence in males and 0% in females. The mean value of serum triglyceride in control, light smokers and heavy smokers was 147.4±11.7mg/dl, 190.8±41.4 and 205.3±29.7mg/dl, respectively. The results of cholesterol in control, light smokers and heavy smokers were 147.38±7.99mg/dl, 136.8 ±12. 8mg/dl and 173.44±8.63mg/dl, respectively. There was a considerable distinction in the mean level of serum triglyceride and cholesterol between the control group, light smokers and heavy smoker groups (P<00.5). The mean value of HDL of control, light smokers and heavy smokers was 30.93±1.30mg/dl, 31.10±2.45 and 34.58±1.55mg/dl, respectively. The mean values of LDL and VLDL of control, light smokers and heavy smokers were 110.46±3.63mg/dl, 106.00±4.52mg/dl, 117.19±3.48mg/dl and 33.54±3.11mg/dl, 49±9.02mg/dl, 41.06±5.34mg/dl, respectively. There was significant difference in the mean level of HDL, LDL and VLDL between the control group, light smokers and heavy smoker groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that smoking is the reasons of variation in the lipid profile. Elevated period of smoking and the number of smoked cigarettes/day reason the alteration in serum lipid levels and is probably related with increased danger for coronary artery disease.

scholarly journals Oral Lecithin and Linoleic Acid in Friedreich’s Ataxia: II. Clinical Results

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Melancon ◽  
M. Vanasse ◽  
G. Geoffroy ◽  
L. Barabe ◽  
A. Proulx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Friedreich’S Ataxia ◽  
Friedreich's Ataxia ◽  
Safflower Oil ◽  
Therapeutic Trial ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Controls

SUMMARY:Twenty-two patients with Friedreich’s Ataxia and ten normal controls were followed for one year and assessed as to their clinical performance after two successive six-month periods of lecithin or safflower oil. Results demonstrated no significant difference in performance scores according to group assignation, neither in patients nor in controls. According to stages, two patients in stage I and to a lesser degree, one patient in stage IV showed better scores for muscle strength and some motor accuracy and coordination tests with lecithin. Controls as groups maintained positive scores in all tests. Patients as groups showed negative mean values in nine out of eleven tests. Again as groups, patients receiving safflower oil demonstrated a mean 8% less deterioration than patients receiving lecithin. This study demonstrates that objective clinical tests and the participation of normal controls are a must in a therapeutic trial implicating patients with a progressive disorder such as Friedreich’s Ataxia. The possible role of linoleic acid as the active factor from which clinical improvement proceeded in some specific patients and with early functional stages of the disease, has to be considered and reevaluated in the near future.

CD59 Deficient Granulocytes in High Risk Groups of Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS).

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4717-4717
Author(s):  
Georgia Kaiafa ◽  
Vasiliki Tsavdaridou ◽  
Athanasios Papadopoulos ◽  
Christos Savopoulos ◽  
Apostolos Hatzitolios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Refractory Anaemia ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Pnh Clone

Abstract Background: Blood cells are deficient in membrane-bound glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) because of an acquired disorder of the pluripotent stem cell. CD55 and CD59 antigens are the most common GPI-anchored proteins that are used for the diagnosis of the presence of PNH clone. The association of MDS with PNH is rather controversial. There are few published individual cases of PNH arrived from a previous MDS or MDS following PNH. Aim: Recent studies have demonstrated the existence of PNH clone in some MDS patients. These studies were performed mostly on erythrocytes and to the best of our knowledge they are only 4. Granulocytes appear to be more sensitive markers of PNH clone existence than erythrocytes and therefore we investigate the expression of PNH clone on granulocytes of patients with MDS. Material-Methods: A total number of 95 patients 25–80 yrs old with MDS {A:19 with refractory anaemia (RA), B:9 with refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS), C:17 with refractory anaemia with excess blasts (RAEB), D: 12 with refractory anaemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-t) and E: 19 with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMLL)} and 19 healthy donors were included in our study. The presence of GPI-anchored proteins (CD55, CD59)-deficient granulocytes was examined by flow cytometry. For the detection of the PNH clone the commercial kit by Beckman Coulter (cellquant CD55/CD59) was used. Statistical analysis was made by ANOVA, while Robust test was performed because there was no homogeneity of variances by ANOVA. Results: Table 1 shows the percentages of CD55 and CD59 deficient granulocytes in the 5 groups of pts with MDS comparing with the control group. a) Although the mean values of CD55 deficient granulocytes in the groups RAEB, RAEB-t and CMLL were higher enough than those of the normal subjects, there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.10) in the comparison of the mean values of CD55 deficient granulocytes between each group of patients with the control group. b) On the contrary there was a very statistically significant difference in the comparison of the mean value of CD59 deficient granulocytes between the three last groups (C, D and E) of pts with the control group (p< 0.086, p< 0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). The percentages of CD55 and CD59 deficient granulocytes in the 5 groups of patients with MDS and in the control group CD55 CD55 CD59 CD59 Groups N Mean Value Std deviation Mean Value Std deviation A (RA) 19 2.89 2.79 2.91 2.85 B (RARS) 9 1.05 1.14 3.89 3.63 C (RAEB) 17 4.78 4.76 11.75 6.06 D (RAEB-t) 12 4.23 2.85 23.76 8.53 E (CMLL) 19 6.01 4.97 38.26 16.18 Control 19 3.67 2.89 3.67 2.89 Total 95 4.00 3.87 14.44 16.39 Conclusions: There are relatively large CD59 negative subpopulations (mean values 11.75–38.26%) of granulocytes in the last three groups (RAEB, RAEB-t, CMLL) of MDS patients. On the contrary the two low risk forms (RA, RARS) revealed no such populations. Non-expression of CD59 antigen on granulocytes is a more sensitive marker than that of CD55 antigen for the presence of a possible PNH clone in MDS patients.

scholarly journals Impact of Two Remineralizing Agents on White Spot Lesions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebaa Ibrahim Alagha
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim of the study: This study evaluated the impact of two remineralizing agents containing casein phosphopeptideamorphous calcium phosphate (CPPACP), and Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) on white spot lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of ninety freshly extracted upper premolars were divided in three equal groups (30 each). Group A: Control group. Group B: Varnish containing CPP–ACP. Group C: Varnish containing TCP. The teeth were subjected to Diagnodent test after inducing white spot lesions to assess any surface changes present on the teeth. The readings were repeated post demineralization and post-remineralization. Results: Statistically significant difference was present in the mean values between the tested groups. CPP-ACP group recorded higher mean value at demineralization when compared to TCP group. Statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001) was present between the baseline and the demineralization values. CPP-ACP group presented higher remineralization results when compared to TCP group. T-test proved a significant difference between the tested groups. Conclusion: CPP-ACP containing varnish had higher remineralizing effect when compared to TCP containing varnish. Clinical Significance: Recently, the focus of restorative dentistry has been directed toward a conservative approach. Prevention and non-restorative treatment of initial enamel caries is the main concern. Remineralization procedures are the most preferred way of regeneration of lost tooth structure.

scholarly journals Carbocysteine in the Management of Stable COPD: Are Its Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties Clinically Relevant?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Minov ◽  
Jovanka Karadzinska-Bislimovska ◽  
Tatjana Petrova ◽  
Kristin Vasilevska ◽  
Saso Stoleski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Initial Visit ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: The recent epidemiological and experimental evidence suggest possible antioxidant effect of carbocysteine in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).AIM: To assess efficacy and tolerability of carbocysteine in the management of stable COPD.METHODS: We performed an observational, non-randomized, open study (a real life study) including 87 patients with stable COPD (group B and D by combined COPD assessment) divided in two groups, examined group (EG) and control group (CG). All participants were treated with the regular treatment of the stable disease, but in the participants of the EG carbocysteine 1,500 mg daily was added to their regular treatment during the period of two months. The study protocol included completion of the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) and spirometric measurements at initial visit and at the end of the mentioned period.RESULTS: We found significantly lower mean value of the overall CAT score in the EG at the end of the study as compared to its mean value registered at initial visit (26.9 vs. 24.3; P = 0.007). In regard to certain CAT items, we found significantly lower values of the mean scores related to cough phlegm and sleep disturbances as compared to their mean scores at initial visit. In addition, the mean values of the overall CAT scores at initial visit and at the end of the study in controls were similar. In EG we found significantly higher mean value of the MEF 25-75 at the end of the study as compared to its mean value registered at initial visit (59.3% vs. 67.2%; P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in the mean values of other spirometric parameters at the end of the study as compared to their mean values at initial visit. In controls we registered similar values of all measured spirometric parameters at the end of the study as compared to their values registered at initial visit. Mild gastrointestinal manifestations were registered in 13.3% of the participants of the EG during the examined period.CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate positive effects of carbocysteine regarding the symptoms and lung function, as well as its good tolerability in the patients with stable COPD.

scholarly journals Dental Sexual Dimorphism

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Manisha Sharma ◽  
Sameer Gupta ◽  
Avdesh Sharma ◽  
Vandana Bhardwaj ◽  
Pooja Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Arch Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
Student’S T

Abstract Objective : Forensic odontology is a lineage that deals in relation to jaws and teeth as evidence to law and justice. Tooth serves as a prime importance in the context of sex identification. (1) To investigate whether there exists any correlation between odontometric measures and sexual dimorphism. (2) To compare the inter-canine arch width of mandible. (3) To evaluate the mean value of standard mandibular canine index. Method: This study is an odontometric analysis performed intra-orally with a sample of 150 teeth (75male:75 female) on students of Kanti Devi Dental college, Mathura. Mesiodistal dimensions of mandibular right and left canine with a caliper device and statistical analysis for significance of sexual dimorphism was done with student’s t test. Result: The result showed that sexual dimorphism is significant in relation to mesiodistal diameter of canine. Furthermore, there was statistical significant difference in tooth crown dimension between males and females where the males showed higher mean values. Conclusion: The study show definite statistically significant sexual dimorphism hence they can play significant role in providing expertise in civil & criminal proceedings to ensure that forensic dentistry will remain viable component of forensic medicine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the prototype of a new bracket-positioning gauge

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Luiz Mota Júnior ◽  
Marcio José da Silva Campos ◽  
Carina Abrantes Schmitberger ◽  
Juliana de Andrade Vitral ◽  
Marcelo Reis Fraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Dental School ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Standard Measurement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bracket Positioning ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: The purposes of this study were to present a prototype of a bracket-positioning gauge, which makes vertical inclination of the instrument difficult, allowing a reduction of vertical bracket positioning error, and to test its accuracy in bracket positioning by groups of individuals with different clinical experience and in specific groups of teeth. Methods: For the testing of the prototype, four groups of six participants each were used: Group 1 was composed of undergraduate students in the dental school, who had no previous experience in bonding orthodontic attachments; Group 2 was composed of orthodontic graduate students in the dental school; Group 3 consisted of orthodontists with a maximum of 5 years of clinical experience; Group 4 comprised orthodontists with more than 5 years of clinical experience. A typodont was simulated with a Class I crowded malocclusion, which reproduced the same occlusal characteristics for all groups to be bonded. All participants were instructed to bond 0.022×0.028-in Edgewise brackets on the labial surfaces of the upper and lower incisors, canines, and premolars at a height of 4 mm from the incisal edge or the labial cusp tip. Results: Only the mean value of Group 1 showed statistically significant difference in the comparison with the standard measurement. In the groups of teeth, the difference was significant for the premolar and incisor groups. Conclusion: Clinical experience interfered with the accuracy of vertical positioning of orthodontic attachments. As for the groups of teeth, premolars, followed by canines and incisors had the closest mean values to the standard measurement.

OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IN NORMAL NEWBORN INFANTS DURING MODERATE HYPOXIA IN WARM AND COOL ENVIRONMENTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-576
Author(s):  
K. W. Cross ◽  
D. M. Flynn ◽  
June R. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Warm Environment ◽  
Cool Environment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

The oxygen consumption of 20 normal newborn babies was measured using a closed-circuit apparatus with good time-resolution in which the environmental temperature could be closely controlled. In each baby the oxygen consumption while breathing air was compared with the value obtained a few minutes later while breathing 15% oxygen in nitrogen or vice versa. Five babies were examined in a warm environment while naked: some of these were included in the total of 18 babies who were examined in a cool environment, of these 6 were naked and 12 were clothed. In a warm environment oxygen consumption values were the same whether air or 15% oxygen was breathed. From 6 naked babies in a cool environment 10 measurements of oxygen consumption were obtained, breathing first air, then 15% oxygen. The mean value breathing air did not differ significantly from that obtained when 15% oxygen was breathed. In a further 12 babies who were in a cool environment but clothed 18 oxygen consumption measurements (air then 15% oxygen) were obtained; again there was no significant difference between the means. Sixteen additional measurements of oxygen consumption were obtained while the babies were breathing air after 15% oxygen. The mean value was not significantly different from the mean value when breathing 15% oxygen or the mean value in the preceding period breathing air. It was concluded that breathing 15% oxygen did not depress the oxygen consumption of babies either in a warm environment or a cool one; however, babies in a cool environment were subjected to only a mild degree of cold stimulus, and the metabolic response thus produced was fairly small. This work failed to confirm earlier reports that 15% oxygen did depress oxygen consumption in newborn babies in a cool environment. Possible reasons for the discrepancy are discussed.

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