Relative Serum Antiplasmin Levels in Normal and Hemophilic Dogs Treated with Choline

SummaryPeroral administration of choline in relatively high dosage (300 or 600 mg choline dihydrogen citrate per 17-20 lb body weight, 4 times daily) caused no significant change in serum antiplasmin activity of either normal or factor VIII-deficient beagle dogs. Also, no alteration in antiplasmin level was found to be associated with the hemophilic state.Canine serum antiplasmins are stable at low temperatures. Like human antiplasmins, they appear to have two major components which differ conspicuously in stability at 60° C.Other data presented in this paper show that crude plasmin readily obtained from human serum euglobulins provides an enzyme preparation suitable for screening antiplasmin levels of sera by the caseinolytic method.

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The Effect of Adrenaline Infusions on Blood Coagulation in Normal and Haemophilia B Dogs

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1649437 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 15 (03/04) ◽

pp. 349-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A.H Özge ◽

H.C Rowsell ◽

H.G Downie ◽

J.F Mustard

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Factor Viii ◽

Factor Ix ◽

Clotting Factor ◽

Blood Ph ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Generation Test ◽

Plasma Activity

SummaryThe addition of trace amounts of adrenaline to whole blood in plasma in vitro increased factor VIII, factor IX and whole plasma activity in the thromboplastin generation test. This was dose dependent.Adrenaline infusions less than 22 (μg/kg body weight in normal dogs accelerated clotting, increased factor IX, factor VIII and whole plasma activity in the thromboplastin generation test and caused a fall in blood pH. In a factor IX deficient dog, there was no increase in factor IX activity. After adrenaline infusions, however, the other changes occurred and were of the same order of magnitude as in the normal. Adrenaline in doses greater than 22 μg/kg body weight did not produce as great an effect on clotting in normal or factor IX deficient dogs. The platelet count in the peripheral blood was increased following the infusion of all doses of adrenaline. These observations suggest that the accelerating effect of adrenaline on clotting is not mediated through increase in activity of a specific clotting factor.

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On the Behaviour of a Human Serum Proactivator Reacting with Streptokinase during Artificial Activation of the Fibrinolytic System

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1654581 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 06 (03) ◽

pp. 498-503 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W Doleschel ◽

W Auerswald

Keyword(s):

Human Serum ◽

Fibrinolytic System ◽

Spontaneous Activation ◽

Significant Change ◽

Artificial Activation ◽

Activator System

SummaryDuring “spontaneous” activation of a human euglobulin preparation in suitably spaced samples — while plasminogen became progressively converted into piasmin — the proactivator content was tested by addition of equal amounts of streptokinase and evaluation of the lytic activities on heated and normal bovine fibrin plates. Indepedently of the decreasing content of plasminogen the proactivator which could be activated by streptokinase showed no significant change of concentration. These observation indicate that plasminogen is not acting as proactivator and that there exists a separate proactivator-activator system of the fibrinolytic mechanism in human serum.

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Nephrotoxicity of Cyclosporin a and Contrast Media

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/028418518903000615 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 647-653 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H. S. Thomsen ◽

S. Larsen ◽

P. Skaarup ◽

L. Hemmingsen ◽

H. Dieperink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Contrast Media ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Cyclosporin A ◽

Contrast Medium ◽

Intravenous Injection ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Peroral Administration ◽

Albumin Excretion

Urine profiles (albumin, glucose, NAG, LDH, GGT and sodium) were followed for 22 h or 8 days after intravenous injection of diatrizoate, iohexol or saline in 30 adult Wistar rats in which nephrotoxicity was induced by daily peroral administration of 25 mg/kg body weight cyclosporin A over a 14-day period. Another 10 rats which had the vehicle of the cyclosporin A solution (placebo) and saline injected intravenously served as controls. The effect of iohexol and saline on the albumin excretion was similar, whereas diatrizoate increased it significantly. Both contrast media caused significantly increased excretion of all three enzymes. The contrast media had no effect on the excretion of glucose and sodium. Except for the fact that the excretion of NAG was significantly higher following iohexol than following diatrizoate 24 to 46 h after injection no significant differences between the two media were found from 24 h after injection among the rats given cyclosporin A. No contrast medium related changes were found by light microscopy of the kidneys. Neither iohexol nor diatrizoate potentiate acute cyclosporin A nephrotoxcity.

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A study on the safety evaluation of buphrenorphine administered through an autoinjector compared with manual injection using haematological and biochemical variables in rats

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327116674528 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (9) ◽

pp. 901-909 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D Sheela ◽

R Vijayaraghavan ◽

S Senthilkumar

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Research Work ◽

Safety Evaluation ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Body Weight Ratio ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Manual Group ◽

Significant Change

Buprenorphine drug cartridge was made for autoinjector device for use in emergency and critical situations to reduce the morbidity and mortality. Water-filled cartridges were prepared and buprenorphine was injected aseptically in the cartridge, to make 0.05 and 0.10 mg/mL. Rats were injected intraperitoneally, buprenorphine (0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg), repeatedly with the autoinjector and compared with manual injection (7 days and 14 days) using various haematological and biochemical parameters. No significant change was observed in the body weight, organ to body weight ratio and haematological variables in any of the experimental groups compared with the control group. Except serum urea and aspartate aminotransferase, no significant change was observed in glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, bilirubin, protein, albumin, creatinine, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase. The autoinjectors deliver the drugs with spray effect and force for faster absorption. In the present study, the autoinjector meant for intramuscular injection was injected intraperitoneally in rats, and the drug was delivered with force on the vital organs. No significant difference was observed in the autoinjector group compared to the manual group showing tolerability and safety of the buphrenorphine autoinjector. This study shows that buprenorphine autoinjector can be considered for further research work.

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ROLE OF ANTIOXIDANT AND MYELOPEROXIDASE LEVELS IN 7, 12-DIMETHYLBENZ [A] ANTHRACENE INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL RAT MODEL: EVIDENCE FOR OXIDATIVE DAMAGE IN ACTIVE ULCERATIVE COLITIS.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i3.16485 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 282

Author(s):

P. Geetha ◽

B. Lakshman Kumar ◽

U. Indra ◽

B. Pavithra Sheetal

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Body Weight ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Activity Index ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

The Body ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Significant Change

Objective: Ulcerative colitis known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of unknown etiology. We examined the antioxidant and myeloperoxidase status in a murine model of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced colitis to elucidate the exact mechanism behind the inflammation.Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to ulcerative colitis using various concentration of DMBA (7,12-Dimethylbenz[A]anthracene) were periodically analysed on 4th, 8th, 12th, 24th and 32nd week from the date of induction. To determine the disease activity index changes in body weight, food consumption, the presence of gross blood in stool and consistency of feces and diarrhea were observed. Macroscopic characters were elucidated based on clinical features of the colon and rectum using scoring pattern. Tissue inflammation status was noted through myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. The antioxidant status in tissue samples was analysed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total reduced glutathione (GSH).Results: Gavage intubation of DMBA induced colitis showed significant changes from 4th week and severity on 32nd week. The body weight was gradually reduced. Macroscopic scoring showed severe scoring pattern the inflammation was significantly heavier by week 4; and by the end of 32 w, inflammation in rats was double that of the controls, tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity showed the steady increase of neutrophil infiltration and inflammation rate every week. A significant change was noted in tissue antioxidant status and it showed the oxidation level. Statistically, significant change was recorded from 4th week till 32nd week.Conclusion: The conventional biochemical changes in colitis induced animal model revealed the association between the oxidative stress and ulcerative colitis.

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Ultrastructural Changes in Articular Cartilages of Immature Beagle Dogs Dosed with Difloxacin, a Fluoroquinolone

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098589202900307 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 230-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

J. E. Burkhardt ◽

M. A. Hill ◽

J. J. Turek ◽

W. W. Carlton

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Body Weight ◽

Electron Micrographs ◽

Collagen Fibrils ◽

Ultrastructural Changes ◽

Pericellular Matrix ◽

Skeletally Immature ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Articular Cartilages

The ultrastructural features of quinolone-induced arthropathy were studied in' the humeral and femoral heads of nine skeletally immature Beagle dogs (3 months old) that were dosed orally with difloxacin at 300 mg/kg body weight and euthanatized 24, 36, or 48 hours later in groups of three. Three age-matched dogs were given a placebo and euthanatized after 48 hours. Mitochondria in chondrocytes had significantly greater cross-sectional areas ( P < 0.05) in electron micrographs from dogs euthanatized after 48 hours of treatment than did those in other groups. There was also a significantly greater percentage of chondrocytes with swollen mitochondria in treated dogs than in the controls ( P < 0.05). These changes preceded the necrosis observed in some chondrocytes in the dogs of the 48-hour group. Disruption of extracellular matrix was first observed in the pericellular matrix of necrotic chondrocytes, indicating that this change was secondary to the changes in chondrocytes. Fissures within cartilages apparently resulted from the loss of the normal association of proteoglycans with collagen fibrils.

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