scholarly journals A Review of Cisplatin-Associated Ototoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 108-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Paken ◽  
Cyril Govender ◽  
Mershen Pillay ◽  
Vikash Sewram
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Patients At Risk

AbstractCisplatin, an effective antineoplastic drug used in the treatment of many cancers, has ototoxic potential, thus placing cancer patients, receiving this treatment, at risk of hearing loss. It is therefore important for health care professionals managing these patients to be aware of cisplatin's ototoxic properties and its clinical signs to identify patients at risk of developing a hearing impairment. Eighty-five English peer-reviewed articles and two books, from January 1975 to July 2015, were identified from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EBSCOhost. An overview of cisplatin-associated ototoxicity, namely its clinical features, incidence rates, molecular and cellular mechanisms, and risk factors, is presented in this article. This review further highlights the importance of a team-based approach to complement an audiological monitoring program in reducing any further loss in the quality of life of affected patients, as there is currently no otoprotective agent routinely recommended for the prevention of cisplatin-associated ototoxicity.

scholarly journals The Dental Management of Patients at Risk of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: New Paradigm of Primary Prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Di Fede ◽  
Vera Panzarella ◽  
Rodolfo Mauceri ◽  
Vittorio Fusco ◽  
Alberto Bedogni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Antiangiogenic Agents ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Dental Management ◽  
Patients At Risk

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a serious adverse reaction of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic agents; it is a potentially painful and debilitating condition that can considerably affect the quality of life of patients. Furthermore, even if its epidemiology and pathogenesis have still not been fully clarified, several risk factors related to MRONJ have been recognized in prevention protocols. Three main risk factors are as follows: (i) the type of ONJ-related medications: antiresorptive (e.g., Bisphosphonates, Denosumab) and antiangiogenic drugs (e.g., Bevacizumab, Sunitinib); (ii) the category of patient at MRONJ risk: cancer versus non-cancer patient; (iii) the typologies and timing of dental treatments (e.g., before, during, or after the drug administration). The aim of this paper is to describe the new paradigm by the Italian Society of Oral Pathology and Medicine (SIPMO) on preventive dental management in patients at risk of MRONJ, prior to and during/after the administration of the aforementioned ONJ-related drugs. In reducing the risk of MRONJ, dentists and oral hygienists are key figures in applying a correct protocol of primary prevention for pre-treatment and in-treatment patients. However, the necessity of a multidisciplinary standardized approach, with a sustained dialogue among specialists involved, should be always adopted in order to improve the efficacy of preventive strategies and to ameliorate the patient’s quality of life.

scholarly journals Cisplatin-Associated Ototoxicity: A Review for the Health Professional

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Paken ◽  
Cyril D. Govender ◽  
Mershen Pillay ◽  
Vikash Sewram
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Health Care Practitioners ◽  
Mesh Terms

Cisplatin is an effective drug used in the treatment of many cancers, yet its ototoxic potential places cancer patients, exposed to this drug, at risk of hearing loss, thus negatively impacting further on a patient’s quality of life. It is paramount for health care practitioners managing such patients to be aware of cisplatin’s ototoxic properties and the clinical signs to identify patients at risk of developing hearing loss. English peer-reviewed articles from January 1975 to July 2015 were assessed from PubMed, Science Direct, and Ebscohost. Seventy-nine articles and two books were identified for this review, using MeSH terms and keywords such as “ototoxicity”, “cisplatin”, “hearing loss”, and “ototoxicity monitoring”. This review provides an up-to-date overview of cisplatin-associated ototoxicity, namely, its clinical features, incidence rates, and molecular and cellular mechanisms and risk factors, to health care practitioners managing the patient with cancer, and highlights the need for a team-based approach to complement an audiological monitoring programme to mitigate any further loss in the quality of life of affected patients, as there is currently no otoprotective agent recommended routinely for the prevention of cisplatin-associated ototoxicity. It also sets the platform for effective dialogue towards policy formulation and strengthening of health systems in developing countries.

Understanding constipation in adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 480-484
Author(s):  
Margaret Perry
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Frequent Reason

Constipation is a common problem which can affect any age and ethnicity and is a frequent reason for patients to seek advice from health professionals. Margaret Perry looks at the risk factors, patient management and potential complications Constipation is a common problem which can affect any age and any ethnicity and is a frequent reason for patients to seek advice from health professionals. Symptoms can vary widely from mild to severe and can impact on quality of life. Given the frequency of its occurrence, it is very likely that nurses and non-medical prescribers will be asked for advice by patients. This article will therefore look at risk factors, patient management and potential complications and hopes to provide useful information for any clinicians who may be approached for advice and guidance in dealing with this condition.

scholarly journals Nutritional Risk Screening and Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Reber ◽  
Filomena Gomes ◽  
Maria F. Vasiloglou ◽  
Philipp Schuetz ◽  
Zeno Stanga
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
Risk Screening ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Risk Screening

Malnutrition is an independent risk factor that negatively influences patients’ clinical outcomes, quality of life, body function, and autonomy. Early identification of patients at risk of malnutrition or who are malnourished is crucial in order to start a timely and adequate nutritional support. Nutritional risk screening, a simple and rapid first-line tool to detect patients at risk of malnutrition, should be performed systematically in patients at hospital admission. Patients with nutritional risk should subsequently undergo a more detailed nutritional assessment to identify and quantify specific nutritional problems. Such an assessment includes subjective and objective parameters such as medical history, current and past dietary intake (including energy and protein balance), physical examination and anthropometric measurements, functional and mental assessment, quality of life, medications, and laboratory values. Nutritional care plans should be developed in a multidisciplinary approach, and implemented to maintain and improve patients’ nutritional condition. Standardized nutritional management including systematic risk screening and assessment may also contribute to reduced healthcare costs. Adequate and timely implementation of nutritional support has been linked with favorable outcomes such as a decrease in length of hospital stay, reduced mortality, and reductions in the rate of severe complications, as well as improvements in quality of life and functional status. The aim of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of nutritional screening and assessment methods that can contribute to an effective and well-structured nutritional management (process cascade) of hospitalized patients.

scholarly journals Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in European Primary Care

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e29334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Ludt ◽  
Michel Wensing ◽  
Joachim Szecsenyi ◽  
Jan van Lieshout ◽  
Justine Rochon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Patients At Risk

Identifying COPD patients at risk for worse symptoms, quality of life and self-efficacy: A cluster analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Costa Lopes ◽  
Celso Carvalho ◽  
Rafaella Fagundes Xavier ◽  
Ana Carolina Alves Caporali ◽  
Rafael Stelmach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Patients At Risk

WC3C PROBABLY PRODROMAL, BUT CERTAINLY ILL: QUALITY OF LIFE AND SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT IN PATIENTS AT RISK OF PSYCHOSIS. RESULTS OF THE EPOS STUDY

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. S9
Author(s):  
R.K.R. Salokangas ◽  
M. Heinimaa ◽  
J. Klosterkötter ◽  
S. Ruhrmann ◽  
H. Graf von Reventlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Patients At Risk

scholarly journals Domestic abuse victims’ perceptions of abuse and support: a narrative study

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Spruin ◽  
Emma Alleyne ◽  
Ioanna Papadaki
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Domestic Abuse ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Abused Women ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – While there is a large body of research exploring the various avenues of support for domestic abuse victims and the risk factors which put women at risk of victimization, there is little research exploring the perceptions of these women. The purpose of this paper is therefore to explore the personal views of victimized women; in particular, the risk factors that they believe put them at risk for abuse and what they feel support services should offer. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 12 women were interviewed about their experiences of domestic violence. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis which resulted in three themes: first intimate relationship; quality of life; and supporting services. Findings – The results from the analysis highlighted some prominent risk factors and, most importantly, emphasized the need for alternative forms of support. Overall, the findings provide an innovative way of viewing domestic violence by understanding it through victim ' s narratives, which can further aid to inform current support services within the UK and elsewhere. Research limitations/implications – The quality of life around the time of abuse is a factor that should be explored further in relation to the victimization of women. Practical implications – Ambivalent first sexual encounters may be an important risk factor for future relationship violence. Social implications – Support services for domestically abused women need to offer more internal support for vocational and educational services. Originality/value – There is little research exploring the personal views and perceptions of victimized women, in particular, the risk factors that they believe put them at risk for domestic abuse and what they feel support services should offer. The value of this research is therefore founded in the exploring this gap in literature and provide victims with a voice to aid researchers in understanding domestic abuse from another perspective. Investigating a victim ' s personal account is one pathway into beginning to understand the underlying thought processes and beliefs they attach to an event. If themes within a personal narrative account could be identified within victims of domestic abuse, it may allow a new aetiological perspective to develop in regard to the understanding and needs of abused women.

scholarly journals Proton Beam Therapy for Head and Neck Carcinoma of Unknown Primary: Toxicity and Quality of Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-247
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Sherry ◽  
Dario Pasalic ◽  
G. Brandon Gunn ◽  
C. David Fuller ◽  
Jack Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Head And Neck Carcinoma ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Carcinoma Of Unknown Primary ◽  
Neck Carcinoma ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Md Anderson

Abstract Purpose Proton radiation therapy (PRT) may offer dosimetric and clinical benefit in the treatment of head and neck carcinoma of unknown primary (HNCUP). We sought to describe toxicity and quality of life (QOL) in patients with HNCUP treated with PRT. Patients and Methods Toxicity and QOL were prospectively tracked in patients with HNCUP from 2011 to 2019 after institutional review board approval. Patients received PRT to the mucosa of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and bilateral cervical lymph nodes with sparing of the larynx and hypopharynx. Patient-reported outcomes were tracked with the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory–Head and Neck Module, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Head and Neck, the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory, and the Xerostomia-Related QOL Scale. Primary study endpoints were the incidence of grade ≥ 3 (G3) toxicity and QOL patterns. Results Fourteen patients (median follow-up, 2 years) were evaluated. Most patients presented with human papillomavirus–positive disease (n = 12, 86%). Rates of G3 oral mucositis, xerostomia, and dermatitis were 7% (n = 1), 21% (n = 3), and 36% (n = 5), respectively. None required a gastrostomy. During PRT, QOL was reduced relative to baseline and recovered shortly after PRT. At 2 years after PRT, the local regional control, disease-free survival, and overall survival were 100% (among 7 patients at risk), 79% (among 6 patients at risk), and 90% (among 7 patients at risk), respectively. Conclusion Therefore, PRT for HNCUP was associated with highly favorable dosimetric and clinical outcomes, including minimal oral mucositis, xerostomia, and dysphagia. Toxicity and QOL may be superior with PRT compared with conventional radiation therapy and PRT maintains equivalent oncologic control. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate late effects and cost-effectiveness.

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