Alterations of serum resistin in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia

2004 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danqing CHEN ◽  
Minyue DONG ◽  
Qin FANG ◽  
Jing HE ◽  
Zhengping WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Resistin Level ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Third ◽  
Maternal Adaptation ◽  
Serum Resistin Level ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Insight Into

Resistin is expressed in human placenta and has been postulated to play a role in regulating energy metabolism in pregnancy. However, changes in serum resistin levels in normal pregnancy and in the setting of pre-eclampsia are far from understood. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the alterations in serum resistin level in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. Blood samples were taken from 28 healthy non-pregnant women, 27 women in the first, 26 in the second and 26 in the third trimesters of normal pregnancy and 25 women with pre-eclampsia. Serum resistin concentrations were determined by using an ELISA, and mean serum resistin levels were compared with one-way ANOVA. Serum resistin levels were not significantly different among non-pregnant women and women in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy (P>0.05 for all). Serum resistin was significantly elevated in the third trimester of normal pregnancy compared with non-pregnant women (P<0.01) and women in the first (P<0.001) and second (P<0.001) trimesters of pregnancy. Serum resistin level was significantly lower in women with pre-eclampsia than women in the third trimester of normal pregnancy (P<0.001), but was comparable with those of non-pregnant women and women in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy (P>0.05 for all). In conclusion, we found an increase in serum resistin in the third trimester of normal pregnancy, but this increase was not present in pre-eclampsia. We postulate that these associations may offer insight into the mechanisms of maternal adaptation to pregnancy and the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia.

Stroke Volume Recruitability during the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (08) ◽  
pp. 737-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Herrera ◽  
Maggie Kuhlmann-Capek ◽  
Sarah Rogan ◽  
Antonio Saad ◽  
George Saade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Fluid Bolus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hemodynamic Variables ◽  
Flat Portion

Objective It is unknown whether the heart operates in the ascending or flat portion of the Starling curve during normal pregnancy. Pregnant women do not respond to the passive leg-raising maneuver secondary to mechanical obstruction of the inferior vena cava by the gravid uterus. Our objective was to evaluate if administration of a fluid bolus increases baseline stroke volume (SV) among healthy pregnant patients during the third trimester. Study Design Healthy pregnant women who underwent elective term cesarean sections were included. A noninvasive cardiac output monitor was used to measure hemodynamic variables at baseline and after administration of a 500-mL crystalloid bolus. Results Forty-five women were included in the study. Fluid administration was associated with a statistically significant increase in SV from a baseline value of 71 ± 11 to 90 ± 19 mL (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.67–21.49; p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in maternal heart rate from a baseline of 87 ± 9 beats per minute to 83 ± 8 after the fluid bolus (95% CI: −6.81 to −2.78; p = 0.03). No changes in peripheral vascular resistances or any other measured hemodynamic parameters were noted with volume expansion. Conclusion In healthy term pregnancy, the heart operates in the ascending portion of the Starling's curve, rendering it fluid responsive.

scholarly journals Glycaemic profile in the second and third trimesters of normal pregnancy compared to non-pregnant adult females

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Nigam ◽  
Neha Varun ◽  
Sumedha Sharma ◽  
YP Munjal ◽  
Anupam Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Glycaemic Variability ◽  
The Third ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Mean Blood Glucose

Aim To assess the glycaemic profile and glycaemic variation in the second and third trimesters of normal pregnancies. Methodology Healthy pregnant women aged 19–35 years between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation were recruited for ambulatory glucose profile monitoring. A total of 18 women in the second trimester, 15 women in the third trimester and 9 healthy non-pregnant women were recruited providing, respectively, 205 days (19,680 data points), 147 days (14,112 data points) and 100 days (9,600 data points) for analysis. Results Mean blood glucose level was 20.2% lower in the second trimester and 10.6% lower in the third trimester than non-pregnant women (p < 0.001). In pregnancy, it took 15 to 20 minutes more to reach peak postprandial blood glucose levels compared to non-pregnant women (p = 0.003). Glycaemic variability was more in the third trimester (p < 0.001). Conclusion There is tight blood sugar control along with lower mean blood glucose in healthy pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women. Despite this tight glycaemic control, glycaemic variability is higher during pregnancy.

Plasma endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 levels in women with pre-eclampsia

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihito Sudo ◽  
Kyuzi Kamoi ◽  
Miyuki Ishibashi ◽  
Tohru Yamaji
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
The Third

To examine a possible role for endothelin-1 (ET-1) and conversion of big ET-1 to ET-1 in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia, we measured plasma levels of ET-1 and big ET-1 in 16 women with pre-eclampsia in the third trimester and compared them with those in 11 age-matched normotensive pregnant women and in 10 age-matched pregnant women with chronic hypertension in the third trimester. The plasma concentrations of ET-1 and big ET-1 in the normotensive pregnant women were significantly lower than those in 16 non-pregnant women with a higher molar ratio of big ET-1 to ET-1 in the former group. The plasma concentrations of ET-1 and big ET-1 in the women with pre-eclampsia, on the other hand, were significantly higher than those in the normotensive pregnant women and the molar ratio of big ET-1 to ET-1 in the former group was less than that in the latter group. In sharp contrast, plasma ET-1 and big ET-1 levels in the pregnant women with chronic hypertension were not significantly different from those in the normotensive pregnant women. When examined after delivery, elevated plasma ET-1 and big ET-1 in the women with pre-eclampsia declined, with restoration of normal blood pressure, to the levels in the normotensive women after parturition. There were no significant differences of the levels of ET-1 and big ET-1 in umbilical venous plasma and simultaneously drawn maternal plasma at cesarean section between normotensive pregnant women and women with pre-eclampsia, respectively. These results suggest that normal pregnancy is associated with decreased plasma concentrations of ET-1 with reduced conversion of big ET-1 to ET-1 in maternal vascular endothelial cells, and the derangement of this regulatory system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.

Midwifery Care with Frequent Urination on Pregnant Women at BPM Nuril Masrukah Candi Sidoarjo

Academia Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okky Elvira Novianti ◽  
Evi Rinata ◽  
Rafhani Rosyidah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Continuity Of Care ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Midwifery Care ◽  
Psychological Condition ◽  
The Third

Pregnancy is the fertilization or fusion of spermatozoa and ovum which is followed by bullying. Normal pregnancy lasts in 9 to 10 months. Complaints and discomfort can arise from the beginning of pregnancy to the end of pregnancy which can affect the physical and psychological condition of the mother. Pregnant women often complain in the third trimester and 96.7% experience complaints of frequent urination. The case study method used is observational (COC) Continuity of Care. From data collection and inspection there were no gaps and problem found, so no further special handling was needed.

scholarly journals Assessment of D-Dimer Levels in Southwestern Nigerian Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
E. O. Bamisaye ◽  
M. A. Okungbowa ◽  
D. T. Alade ◽  
O. Brown- West ◽  
G. T. Oluwasuji
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Mean ◽  
D Dimer

Aim: This study evaluated D-dimer level in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Southwestern Nigeria in order to provide more information on the concentration and liable risks in this region. Study Design: This is a cross sectional study where convenience sampling method was applied in sample collection. Place and Duration of Study: Blood samples were collected from pregnant women             attending the antenatal clinics of Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti (FETHI), Ekiti; Federal                Medical Centre (FMC), Owo; and LAUTECH Teaching Hospital (LTH), Osogbo in Southwestern Nigeria. Methodology: Exactly three hundred pregnant (300) and one hundred and fifty (150) apparently healthy non pregnant women were recruited for this study. The blood samples were analysed for haematocrit (HCT) and platelet count using Sysmex KX-2IN (Japan); prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) by Diagen reagents (Diagnostic Ltd., UK); the international normalized ratio (INR) was calculated from the PT results; and D-dimer quantitative assay using Tina Quant Gen 2 on Cobas C111 (Roche). Data analysis was performed using IBM-SPSS version 25.0; mean and standard deviation was used to summarize continuous variables and descriptive and Inferential statistical tests were employed with level of statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. Results: The mean D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the pregnant women (0.87 ± 1.00 ugFEU/ml) than in controls (0.31 ± 0.22 ugFEU/ml) with 42% of the pregnant population having elevated concentration while the mean PT, INR and HCT were significantly higher in controls than the subjects (p<0.05).Furthermore, the HCT, platelet, PT and INR were observed to be highest at first trimester; 36.04±5.09 (L/L), 182.72±35.11 (x109/L), 11.80±1.86 (seconds) and 0.35±0.15 respectively, decreasing across the second and the third trimester. On the other hand, the D-dimer and APTT increased exponentially from the first trimester; 0.42±0.18 (ugFEU/ml) and 30.80±3.30 (seconds), through the second and third trimesters respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study shows a significant increase in D-dimer in the pregnant subjects when compared with the control and an exponential increase in the third trimester, also a significant reduction in some other baseline coagulation profile hence depicting D-dimer as a notable significant marker of coagulation and fibrinolysis. This therefore emphasizes the hypercoagulable state of pregnancy and a need for adequate monitoring.

Plasma kisspeptin is raised in patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia and falls during treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (5) ◽  
pp. E878-E884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waljit S. Dhillo ◽  
Philip Savage ◽  
Kevin G. Murphy ◽  
Owais B. Chaudhri ◽  
Michael Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Development ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Amino Acid Peptide ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Kisspeptin is a 54-amino acid peptide, encoded by the anti-metastasis gene KiSS-1, that activates G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54). The kisspeptin-GPR54 system is critical to normal reproductive development. KiSS-1 gene expression is increased in the human placenta in normal and molar pregnancies. Circulating kisspeptin is dramatically increased in normal pregnancy, but levels in GTN have not previously been reported. The present study was designed to determine whether plasma kisspeptin levels are altered in patients with malignant GTN. Thirty-nine blood samples were taken from 11 patients with malignant GTN at presentation during and after chemotherapy. Blood was also sampled from nonpregnant and pregnant volunteers. Plasma kisspeptin IR and hCG concentrations were measured. Plasma kisspeptin IR concentration in nonpregnant ( n = 16) females was <2 pmol/l. Plasma kisspeptin IR in females was 803 ± 125 pmol/l in the first trimester of pregnancy ( n = 13), 2,483 ± 302 pmol/l in the third trimester of pregnancy ( n = 7), and <2 pmol/l on day 15 postpartum ( n = 7). Plasma kisspeptin IR and hCG concentrations in patients with malignant GTN were elevated at presentation and fell during and after treatment with chemotherapy in each patient (mean plasma kisspeptin IR: prechemotherapy 1,363 ± 1,076 pmol/l vs. post-chemotherapy <2 pmol/l, P < 0.0001; mean plasma hCG: prechemotherapy 227,191 ± 152,354 U/l vs. postchemotherapy 2 U/l, P < 0.0001). Plasma kisspeptin IR strongly positively correlated with plasma hCG levels ( r2= 0.99, P < 0.0001). Our results suggest that measurement of plasma kisspeptin IR may be a novel tumor marker in patients with malignant GTN.

Circulating Platelet Aggregates in Normal Pregnancy and Rpeeclampsia

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rákóczi ◽  
F. Tallián ◽  
I. Cseh ◽  
I. Gáti
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
The Mean

Circulating platelet aggregates have been observed in various thromboembolic states. It is known that severe preeclamsia is associated with features of intravascular coagulation. To evaluate the role of platelets in this disorder we have determined circulating platelet aggregates in 10 patients with severe preeclampsia, in 30 patients in the third trimester of uncomplicated pregnancies and in 35 healthy nonpregnant volunteers. Platelet aggregate ratio /P.A.R./ was measured by a modification of a method described by Wu and Hoak, The mean P.A.R. of severe preeclamptic patients /0.732 ± 0,063 SEM/ was significantly lower than that of the uncomplicated pregnant women /0,860 ± 0,052 SEM/ and of the nonpregnant volunteers /0.880 ± 0,061 SEM/.The results indicate that severe preeclamptic patients have increased levels of circulating platelet aggregates and platelet activation is a feature of preeclampsia.

Decreased serum thyroglobulin levels in the late stage of pregnancy

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihito Hara ◽  
Toshinori Tanikawa ◽  
Yoshiki Sakatsume ◽  
Kentaro Sato ◽  
Hitoshi Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Serum Thyroglobulin ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract. Serum thyroglobulin levels were serially measured in 25 normal pregnant women to evaluate thyroidal activity during normal pregnancy. Measurements included serum T3, T4, free T4, TBG, and TSH. Tg and FT4 levels were found to be decreased in the third trimester when compared with those of the first trimester and with those of normal non-pregnant individuals (P < 0.01). TSH levels were higher than normal in pregnant women at all stages of pregnancy, with a significant rise at the third trimester. These findings suggest the presence of a subclinical hypothyroid state in the late stage of normal pregnancy.

scholarly journals Redox status of pregnant women with thrombophilia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Dimitrijevic ◽  
Jovana Bradic ◽  
Vladimir Zivkovic ◽  
Aleksandra Dimitrijevic ◽  
Mirjana Milojevic-Corbic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third

Background/Aim. Considering the fact that role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of thrombophilia in pregnancy has still not been clarified, the aim of our study was to assess the redox status of pregnant women with thrombophilia. Methods. The study involved 120 pregnant women who were divided into two groups: thrombophilia and normal pregnancy group. The thrombophilia group consisted of 60 pregnant women with thrombophilia, while the normal pregnancy group included 60 physiologically healthy pregnant women. Blood samples for biochemical analysis were collected at the end of first, second and third trimester of pregnancy. Concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitrites (NO2-) and index of lipid peroxidation measured as TBARS were measured in plasma. Level of reduced glutathione (GSH), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured in erythrocytes. Results. In women with thrombophilia, NO2- values were increased in the first and third trimester when compared with healthy pregnant women (p<0.05). The higher levels of TBARS and H2O2 were noticed in women with thrombophilia in the first trimester when compared to healthy pregnant women (p<0.05). The values of SOD and CAT were lower in women with thrombophilia in the third and GSH in the first trimester compared to control group (p<0.05). Conclusion. Our results suggest increased generation of pro-oxidants in thrombophillia at the beginning of gestation, which declines as gestation progresses and reaches the similar values as in normal pregnancy at the end of pregnancy. Generally viewed, thrombophilia was associated with impaired antioxidant capacity - SOD and CAT were lower in the third and GSH in the first trimester compared to healthy women.

scholarly journals Platelets in preeclamptic pregnancies fail to exhibit the decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate seen in normal pregnancies

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Malinow ◽  
Rosemary A. Schuh ◽  
Omar Alyamani ◽  
Joseph Kim ◽  
Shobana Bharadwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Respiratory Capacity ◽  
The Third

Cellular oxygen consumption and lactate production rates have been measured in both placental and myometrial cells to study obstetrics-related disease states such as preeclampsia. Platelet metabolic alterations indicate systemic bioenergetic changes that can be useful as disease biomarkers. We tested the hypothesis that platelet mitochondria display functional alterations in preeclampsia. Platelets were harvested from women in the third trimester of either a healthy, non-preeclamptic or preeclamptic pregnancy, and from healthy, non-pregnant women. Using Seahorse respirometry, we analyzed platelets for oxygen consumption (OCR) and extracellular acidification (ECAR) rates, indicators of mitochondrial electron transport and glucose metabolism, respectively. There was a 37% decrease in the maximal respiratory capacity measured in platelets from healthy, non-preeclamptic compared with preeclamptic pregnancy (P<0.01); this relationship held true for other measurements of OCR, including basal respiration; ATP-linked respiration; respiratory control ratio (RCR); and spare respiratory capacity. RCR, a measure of mitochondrial efficiency, was significantly lower in healthy pregnant compared with non-pregnant women. In contrast with increased OCR, basal ECAR was significantly reduced in platelets from preeclamptic pregnancies compared with either normal pregnancies (−25%; P<0.05) or non-pregnant women (−22%; P<0.01). Secondary analysis of OCR revealed reduced basal and maximal platelet respiration in normal pregnancy prior to 34 weeks’ estimated gestational age (EGA) compared with the non-pregnant state; these differences disappeared after 34 weeks. Taken together, findings suggest that in preeclampsia, there exists either a loss or early (before the third trimester) reversal of a normal biologic mechanism of platelet mitochondrial respiratory reduction associated with normal pregnancy.

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