β-Thromboglobulin in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure: Effect of Hemodialysis

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Green ◽  
S. Santhanam ◽  
F.A. Krumlovsky ◽  
F. del Greco
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sensitive Indicator ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Before And After

β-Thromboglobulin (β-TG), a protein located in the α-granules of platelets, is released into the plasma when platelets are disrupted. Since plasma β-TG is cleared by the kidney, we measured β-TG levels in normal subjects and and in patients with chronicrenal failure, using a radioimmunoassay kit (Amersham Corp.). In 24 controls, mean values were 27 ± 12 (S.D.) ng ml-l and in 24 patients, 123 ± 41 ng ml-l , P <0.001. Because hemodialysis may induce platelet damage, we examined β-TG levels in patients before and after dialysis. Although platelet counts were unchanged, plasma β-TG levels rose in all but 2 patients, with an average increase of 30 ng ml-l. That the increase in β-TG was due to platelet disruption was confirmed by (1) no change in β-TG in 3 patients having peritoneal dialysis, and (2) studies of a patient with radiation nephritis and severe thrombocytopenia (18,000 per cu mm) secondary to chemotherapy. β-TG was 12 nR ml-l and did not increase after hemodialysis. We conclude that plasma β-TG is significantly elevated in patients with chronic renal failure, and that measurement of this protein provides a sensitive indicator of platelet disruption by hemodialysis.

Contribution of dialysis to endogenous oxalate production in patients with chronic renal failure

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1544-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
N C France ◽  
P T Holland ◽  
M R Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Product Inhibition ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Buffering Agent

Abstract We tested the possibility that the buffering agents in dialysis bath fluid might contribute to increased endogenous oxalate production in dialyzed patients. Using stable isotope dilution mass spectrometry, we obtained oxalate production rates and pool sizes directly for 10 patients in chronic renal failure, 5 of whom were undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (lactate-buffered fluid). All peritoneal dialysis patients had either increased oxalate production rates or expanded oxalate pools when compared with undialyzed patients in renal failure. From a further four patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis we took blood samples immediately before and after three consecutive dialysis sessions in which the bath-fluid buffering agent (bicarbonate or acetate) was alternated; we analyzed these samples for oxalate and key precursors by capillary gas chromatography. Plasma glycine and serine concentrations remained within the physiological range. Glycolate and oxalate concentrations decreased, but the oxalate remained above normal after dialysis. All changes were independent of the bath-fluid buffering agent. We suggest that dialysis might stimulate the formation of oxalate by removing product inhibition of a late catabolic step.

PITUITARY HORMONES IN WOMEN WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE: THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC INTERMITTENT HAEMO-AND PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ølgaard ◽  
C. Hagen ◽  
A. S. McNeilly
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACT Measurements of plasma prolactin (hPr), growth hormone (HGH), thyrotrophin (TSH), luteinizing (LH) – and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were performed in 20 women with chronic renal failure on regular dialysis. There was no significant difference in any of the hormone levels before and after the dialysis and no significant influence of the type of dialysis (haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis) or the time of dialysis. Higher levels of plasma prolactin was found in the women on peritoneal dialysis than in the haemodialyzed women presumably due to the medical treatment. In the peritoneally dialyzed group four women had irregular menstruations and normal gonadotrophic levels, but elevated hPr and it is suggested that this finding is similar to that seen in the amenorrhoeagalactorrhoea syndrome, where hPr presumably in some way have anti-gonadotrophic actions at the gonadal level.

Serum Amylase and Isoamylase in Chronic Renal Failure

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Bardella ◽  
M.L. Bianchi ◽  
N. Molteni ◽  
C. Garbin ◽  
G. Valenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Normal Limits

In 37 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) serum amylase was higher than in 33 normal subjects (483 U/L ± SD 185 versus 267 ± SD 66 U/L, p < 0.05); while the percentage of pancreatic isoenzymes was within normal limits in 34 patients and only slightly increased in 3. Seventeen of the patients were on conservative treatment, 10 on hemodialysis and 10 on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; no significant differences in serum amylase levels were detected between these subgroups. No correlation was found between serum BUN or creatinine and serum amylase but a positive correlation was found between these enzyme levels and duration of CRF (p < 0.05) in the patients on conservative treatment.

Abnormal erythrocyte choline transport in patients with chronic renal failure

1991 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Fervenza ◽  
D. Meredith ◽  
J. C. Ellory ◽  
B. M. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Choline Transport ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
The Mean

1. Erythrocyte choline transport has been studied in nine patients on maintenance haemodialysis for chronic renal failure, six patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, 31 patients with renal transplants and in nine normal control subjects. 2. The mean maximum rate of choline influx (Vmax., measured at an extracellular choline concentration of 250 μmol/l) was 66.7 (sd 14.1) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in patients on haemodialysis, 87.8 (sd 18.5) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 30.5 (sd 4.9) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in control subjects. The increase in choline flux in patients on haemodialysis and patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis compared with control subjects was highly significant (P < 0.001). 3. Renal transplant patients showed variable values for the Vmax. of choline influx (range 17.7-71.7 μmol h−1 l−1 cells). The values showed a signifcant negative correlation with creatinine clearance and this correlation correctly extrapolated to the maximum choline flux in normal subjects and in patients on dialysis. 4. The kinetics of choline transport have been studied in erythrocytes of patients on haemodialysis and control subjects in ‘zero-trans’ conditions after depletion of intracellular choline. The mean Vmax. in these conditions was 38.4 (sd 4.6) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in patients on haemodialysis compared with 14.2 (sd 3.7) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in control subjects. The mean Km under ‘zero-trans’ conditions was 19.4 (sd 2.4) μmol/l in patients on haemodialysis and 7.4 (sd 1.4) μmol/l in control subjects. These differences were significant (P < 0.001).

Evidence for an Increased Generation of Prostacyclin in the Microvasculature and an Impairment of the Platelet α-Granule Release in Chronic Renal Failure

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (02) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Kyrle ◽  
Felix Stockenhuber ◽  
Brigitte Brenner ◽  
Heinz Gössinger ◽  
Christian Korninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Chronic Uraemia ◽  
Wall Interaction ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Granule Release

SummaryThe formation of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 and the release of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) at the site of platelet-vessel wall interaction, i.e. in blood emerging from a standardized injury of the micro vasculature made to determine bleeding time, was studied in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure undergoing regular haemodialysis and in normal subjects. In the uraemic patients, levels of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) were 1.3-fold to 6.3-fold higher than the corresponding values in the control subjects indicating an increased PGI2 formation in chronic uraemia. Formation of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) at the site of plug formation in vivo and during whole blood clotting in vitro was similar in the uraemic subjects and in the normals excluding a major defect in platelet prostaglandin metabolism in chronic renal failure. Significantly smaller amounts of beta-TG were found in blood obtained from the site of vascular injury as well as after in vitro blood clotting in patients with chronic renal failure indicating an impairment of the a-granule release in chronic uraemia. We therefore conclude that the haemorrhagic diathesis commonly seen in patients with chronic renal failure is - at least partially - due to an acquired defect of the platelet a-granule release and an increased generation of PGI2 in the micro vasculature.

Disturbed lipoprotein composition in non-dialyzed, hemodialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and post-transplant patients with chronic renal failure

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kimak ◽  
Andrzej Książek ◽  
Janusz Solski
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Lipoprotein Composition

AbstractStudies were carried out in 183 non-dialyzed, 123 hemodialysis, 81 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 35 post-transplant patients and in 103 healthy subjects as a reference group. Lipids and apolipoprotein (apo)AI and apoB were determined using Roche kits. An anti-apoB antibody was used to separate apoB-containing apoCIII and apoE-triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) in the non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) fraction from apoCIIInonB and apoEnonB in the HDL fraction in four groups of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and healthy subjects. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between triglyceride (TG) or HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and lipoproteins. Dyslipidemia varied according to the degree of renal insufficiency, the type of dialysis and therapy regime in CRF patients. Lipoprotein disturbances were manifested by increased TG, non-HDL-C and TRL concentrations, and decreased HDL-C and apoAI concentrations, whereas post-renal transplant patients showed normalization of lipid and lipoprotein profiles, except for TG levels and total apoCIII and apoCIIInonB. The present study indicates that CRF patients have disturbed lipoprotein composition, and that hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C concentrations in these patients are multifactorial, being secondary to disturbed lipoproteins. The method using anti-apoB antibodies to separate apoB-containing lipoproteins in the non-HDL fraction from non-apoB-containing lipoproteins in HDL can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with progression of renal failure or atherosclerosis. The variability of TG and HDL-C concentrations depends on the variability of TRL and cholesterol-rich lipoprotein concentrations, but the decreases in TG and increases in HDL-C concentrations are caused by apoAI concentration variability. These relationships, however, need to be confirmed in further studies.

Renal Osteodystrophy in Children with Chronic Renal Failure: An Unexpectedly Common and Incapacitating Complication

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 742-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony C. Hsu ◽  
Sang Whay Kooh ◽  
Donald Fraser ◽  
William A. Cumming ◽  
Victor L. Fornasier
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Osteodystrophy ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Before And After ◽  
End Stage

The incidence, age at onset, and progression of the biochemical, radiographic, and histologic characteristics of renal osteodystrophy were studied in 50 children in whom chronic renal failure had been recently diagnosed. During a ten-year observation period, 19 patients progressed to end-stage renal failure and radiographic signs of renal osteodystrophy developed in 15 of these (79%). Renal osteodystrophy developed in all nine patients whose chronic renal failure was diagnosed before 3 years of age and in six of the ten children with later onset of failure. The mean interval from diagnosis of renal failure to development of osteodystrophy was 1.4 years. Radiographically, growth zone lesions predominated in the younger children, whereas cortical erosions were more prevalent in the older children. Histologic examination, performed in 38 patients, showed both defective mineralization and excessive resorption and was a more sensitive diagnostic index than radiography. Noticeable deformities developed in one third of the patients with osteodystrophy, despite medical treatment including vitamin D2 therapy. Deformities were particularly frequent and Severe in patients whose renal failure developed in infancy. In all 13 patients whose growth patterns were studied before and after osteodystrophy developed, the onset of bone lesions was associated with a deterioration of growth, indicating that osteodystrophy plays a major role in causing the growth retardation commonly observed in children with chronic renal failure.

scholarly journals Residual renal function and blood count in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Natasa Jovanovic ◽  
Mirjana Lausevic ◽  
Biljana Stojimirovic
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Positive Correlations

Introduction:Most of patients with chronic renal failure are affected by normochromic, normocytic anemia caused by different etiological factors. Anemia causes a series of symptoms in chronic renal failure, which can hardly be recognized from the uremic signs. Anemia adds to morbidity and mortality rates in patients affected by advanced chronic renal failure. Blood count partially improves during the first months after starting the chronic renal replacement therapy, in correlation with the quality of depuration program, with extension of erythrocyte lifetime and with hemoconcentration due to reduction of plasma volume. Recent trials found that higher residual renal function (RRF) significantly reduced co-morbidity, the rate and duration of hospitalization and risk of treatment failure. Objective: The aim of the study was to follow blood count parameters in 32 patients on chronic continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) during the first six months of treatment, to evaluate the influence of demographic and clinical factors on blood count and RRF, and to examine the correlation between RRF and blood count parameters. Method: A total of 32 patients affected by end-stage renal disease of different major cause during the first six months of CADP treatment were studied. RRF and blood count were evaluated as well as their relationship during the follow-up. Results: Blood count significantly improved in our patients during the first six months of CAPD treatment even if Hb and HTC failed to reach normal values. Iron serum level slightly decreased because of more abundant erythropoiesis and iron utilization during the first six months of treatment. RRF slightly decreased. After six months of CAPD treatment, the patients with higher RRF had significantly higher Hb, HTC and erythrocyte number and a lot of positive correlations between RRF and anemia markers were observed. Conclusion: After 6-month follow-up period, the patients with higher RRF had significantly higher blood count parameters, and several positive correlations between RRF and blood count markers were confirmed.

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