scholarly journals Enlargement of Dorello's Canal as a Novel Radiographic Marker of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (03) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Michael Eggerstedt ◽  
Sumeet G. Dua ◽  
Antonios N. Varelas ◽  
Sudeep H. Bhabad ◽  
Pete S. Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Csf Rhinorrhea ◽  
Dorello’S Canal ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
Reliable Marker ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Objectives The objective of this study is to compare the visibility and size of Dorello's canal (DC) on magnetic resonance imaging between patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and control patients, for its evaluation as a potential novel marker for chronic increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Design Retrospective blinded case–control study. Setting Tertiary care academic center. Participants Fourteen patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and diagnosed IIH, as well as an equal number of age and gender-matched controls. Main Outcome Measures Radiographic presence or absence of visible CSF sleeve within DC as well as CSF sleeve width when present. Results Following review of 28 IIH canals and 28 control canals, IIH patients were significantly more likely to have a visible CSF sleeve within DC and to have a wider measured medial entrance to DC (p < 0.001). Conclusion Identification of CSF evagination into DC may serve as a reliable marker for increased ICP in the IIH population. This finding should be considered in the future as paradigms for diagnosis of IIH continue to evolve.

scholarly journals Oligoclonal bands and levels of interleukin 4, interleukin 10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in idiopathic intracranial hypertension Egyptian patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. El-Tamawy ◽  
Maha A. Zaki ◽  
Laila A. Rashed ◽  
Eman H. Esmail ◽  
Shaimaa Shaheen Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Abstract Background Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder of unknown pathophysiology with many proposed theories that involve CSF dynamics but recently, involvement of inflammatory and autoimmune processes has been postulated. Objectives To investigate presence of oligoclonal bands (OCB) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum cytokine level in patients with IIH. Methods This study was conducted on 27 IIH female patients and 21 age- and sex-matched control groups. Patient and control groups were subjected to measurement of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels in serum, and CSF oligoclonal bands was measured in the IIH patient group. Body mass index (BMI) was measured to both patients and control. Results Serum levels of IL-4, IL-10, and TNF alpha were significantly higher in IIH patients than controls (p <  0.001); 22% of IIH patients had positive OCB in CSF. There was a statistically significant difference regarding TNF-α level in OCB-positive and OCB-negative patients being higher in positive patients. No statistically significant correlation was found between serum levels of IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, and BMI. Conclusion Autoimmune inflammatory process may play a role in pathophysiology of IIH.

scholarly journals Cognitive function in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a prospective case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. e004376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Maria Yri ◽  
Birgitte Fagerlund ◽  
Hysse Birgitte Forchhammer ◽  
Rigmor Højland Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

Primary spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a symptom of idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Yang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Chungcheng Wang ◽  
Pinan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Transnasal Approach ◽  
Csf Rhinorrhea ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea ◽  
Additional Surgery ◽  
Radiological Images

Object The authors aim to identify the characteristics of primary spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea and propose a hypothesis for its pathogenesis. Methods Between 2003 and 2009, 21 patients diagnosed with primary spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea underwent surgery in the authors' hospital. The clinical aspects were retrospectively reviewed, and their characteristics were analyzed. Results There were 18 women and 3 men, whose ages ranged from 37 to 74 years (mean 53 years). Body mass index (BMI) ranged from 22 to 58.8 kg/m2 (mean 31.2 kg/m2). Eighteen patients (85.7%) were overweight, and 18 (85.7%) suffered from headache or tinnitus before rhinorrhea. Radiological images revealed fully or partially empty sellae in 14 patients (66.7%). The preoperative intracranial pressure (ICP) ranged from 11 to 28 cm H2O (mean 17.6 cm H2O), while the postoperative ICP ranged from 21 to 32 cm H2O (mean 25.5 cm H2O, p < 0.01). An endoscopeassisted transnasal approach was chosen for the repair. Postoperatively, in 95.2% of patients a cure was achieved. Rhinorrhea recurred in only 1 patient, and a leakage from a new defect occurred in another patient 4 years after the operation. Both patients underwent additional surgery, which was successful. The follow-up period varied from 5 to 75 months with a mean of 34 months. Conclusions All patients had direct or indirect evidence of elevated ICP, most patients presented with symptoms of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), and most patients were women and obese. Primary spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea may be due to IIH, and it is a rare symptom of IIH. When treating or monitoring these patients during follow-up, ICP should be controlled, and other symptoms of IIH should be noted.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Mumps at a University with a Large Mumps Outbreak

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela S. Huang ◽  
Margaret M. Cortese ◽  
Aaron T. Curns ◽  
Rebecca H. Bitsko ◽  
Hannah T. Jordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Large Outbreak ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Objectives. Routine measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine use has greatly decreased the incidence of mumps in the U.S. However, a resurgence of mumps occurred in 2006. We investigated the large outbreak at a university and assessed risk factors for disease. Methods. We described the outbreak and conducted a case-control study. We interviewed case students (identified from student health service and health department records) and control students (selected from a randomly ordered administrative list) and assessed their vaccination status. We compared case students with ≥2 MMR doses and control students with ≥2 MMR doses in univariate and multivariate analyses. Results. The mean age of the 174 case students was 20.9 years; 65% were women. Ninety-seven case students and 147 control students were enrolled in the study. Two-dose MMR coverage was 99% among case and control students with complete records. Only 33% of case students reported exposure to someone with mumps. Case students were more likely than control students to be aged 18 to 19 years (vs. aged 22 years, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.09, 14.74), to report exposure to mumps (AOR=2.31, 95% CI 1.13, 4.73), and to have worked/volunteered on campus (AOR=2.91, 95% CI 1.33, 6.33). Also, women in dormitories had increased odds of mumps compared with men in dormitories. Conclusion. High two-dose MMR coverage was not sufficient to prevent the outbreak. Further study is needed to better understand the effects of dormitory residency and gender on mumps transmission. Clinicians should be vigilant for mumps in young adults presenting with parotitis regardless of immunization history.

scholarly journals Idiopathic intracranial hypertension presenting as CSF rhinorrhea

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Saifudheen ◽  
Abdul Gafoor ◽  
G Arun ◽  
P Abdurahiman ◽  
James Jose
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Csf Rhinorrhea

scholarly journals Screen based activity sebagai faktor risiko kegemukan pada anak prasekolah

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Neni Pangesti ◽  
I Made Alit Gunawan ◽  
Madarina Julia
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Background: Obesity in children increased health risk and the high cost of treatment of obesity. Extensive screen based activity (SBA) are sedentary behavior which is contributing to childhood obesity. Objective: to analyze the risk of the duration of SBA with obesity among preschool children in Yogyakarta city. Method: The study design was case-control study between obese and non-obese preschool children. A hundred and one pairs (obese and non-obese) subjects aged 3-5 years old who enrolled in preschools in Yogyakarta was obtained from screening. The school was selected using Probability Proportional to Size method. The case and control were matching by age and gender. Obesity was defined by WHZ-score > 2 SD. Preschool Physical Activity Questionnaire (PrePAQ) was used to collect the information on duration of SBA. Data duration SBA asked at weekdays and weekend. Data was analyzed using t-test and conditional logistic regression test. Results: children duration of SBA at weekend and parents duration of SBA were not statistically associated with obesity occurrence in children (p>0, 05). Obese children spent 48 minutes longer engaged in SBA compared to the non-obese children in weekdays.Conclusion: Children duration of SBA at weekdays could increase the risk of obesity occurrence among preschool children in Yogyakarta

Weight gain and recurrence in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: A case-control study

Neurology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (18) ◽  
pp. 1564-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Ko ◽  
S. C. Chang ◽  
M. A. Ridha ◽  
J. J. Ney ◽  
T. F. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Quinolone Use as a Risk Factor for Nosocomial Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 572-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarwyn Yip ◽  
Mark Loeb ◽  
Suzette Salama ◽  
Lorraine Moss ◽  
Jan Olde
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To determine modifiable risk factors for nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD).Design:Case-control study.Setting:300-bed tertiary-care hospital.Participants:Hospital inpatients present during the 3-month study period.Methods:Case-patients identified with nosocomial CDAD over the study period were compared to two sets of control patients: inpatients matched by age, gender, and date of admission; and inpatients matched by duration of hospital stay. Variables including demographic data, comorbid illnesses, antibiotic exposure, and use of gastrointestinal medications were assessed for case- and control-patients. Conditional logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for nosocomial CDAD.Results:27 case-patients were identified and were compared to the two sets of controls (1:1 match for each comparison set). For the first set of controls, use of ciprofloxacin (odds ratio [OR], 5.5; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 1.2-24.8; P=.03) was the only variable that remained significant in the multivariable model. For the second set of controls, prior exposure to cephalosporins (OR, 6.7; CL,5, 1.3-33.7; P=.02) and to ciprofloxacin (OR, 9.5; CI95, 1.01-88.4; P=.05) were kept in the final model.Conclusions:Along with cephalosporins, prior quinolone use predisposed hospitalized patients to nosocomial CDAD. Quinolones should be used judiciously in acute-care hospitals, particularly in those where CDAD is endemic.

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