scholarly journals Screen based activity sebagai faktor risiko kegemukan pada anak prasekolah

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Neni Pangesti ◽  
I Made Alit Gunawan ◽  
Madarina Julia
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Background: Obesity in children increased health risk and the high cost of treatment of obesity. Extensive screen based activity (SBA) are sedentary behavior which is contributing to childhood obesity. Objective: to analyze the risk of the duration of SBA with obesity among preschool children in Yogyakarta city. Method: The study design was case-control study between obese and non-obese preschool children. A hundred and one pairs (obese and non-obese) subjects aged 3-5 years old who enrolled in preschools in Yogyakarta was obtained from screening. The school was selected using Probability Proportional to Size method. The case and control were matching by age and gender. Obesity was defined by WHZ-score > 2 SD. Preschool Physical Activity Questionnaire (PrePAQ) was used to collect the information on duration of SBA. Data duration SBA asked at weekdays and weekend. Data was analyzed using t-test and conditional logistic regression test. Results: children duration of SBA at weekend and parents duration of SBA were not statistically associated with obesity occurrence in children (p>0, 05). Obese children spent 48 minutes longer engaged in SBA compared to the non-obese children in weekdays.Conclusion: Children duration of SBA at weekdays could increase the risk of obesity occurrence among preschool children in Yogyakarta

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Mumps at a University with a Large Mumps Outbreak

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela S. Huang ◽  
Margaret M. Cortese ◽  
Aaron T. Curns ◽  
Rebecca H. Bitsko ◽  
Hannah T. Jordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Large Outbreak ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Objectives. Routine measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine use has greatly decreased the incidence of mumps in the U.S. However, a resurgence of mumps occurred in 2006. We investigated the large outbreak at a university and assessed risk factors for disease. Methods. We described the outbreak and conducted a case-control study. We interviewed case students (identified from student health service and health department records) and control students (selected from a randomly ordered administrative list) and assessed their vaccination status. We compared case students with ≥2 MMR doses and control students with ≥2 MMR doses in univariate and multivariate analyses. Results. The mean age of the 174 case students was 20.9 years; 65% were women. Ninety-seven case students and 147 control students were enrolled in the study. Two-dose MMR coverage was 99% among case and control students with complete records. Only 33% of case students reported exposure to someone with mumps. Case students were more likely than control students to be aged 18 to 19 years (vs. aged 22 years, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.09, 14.74), to report exposure to mumps (AOR=2.31, 95% CI 1.13, 4.73), and to have worked/volunteered on campus (AOR=2.91, 95% CI 1.33, 6.33). Also, women in dormitories had increased odds of mumps compared with men in dormitories. Conclusion. High two-dose MMR coverage was not sufficient to prevent the outbreak. Further study is needed to better understand the effects of dormitory residency and gender on mumps transmission. Clinicians should be vigilant for mumps in young adults presenting with parotitis regardless of immunization history.

scholarly journals Perilaku makan berlebih dan hubungannya dengan kegemukan pada anak prasekolah

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Herni Dwi Herawati ◽  
Indria Laksmi Gamayanti ◽  
A. Fahmy Arif Tsani ◽  
I Made Alit Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Food Behavior ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
And Gender

<p><strong><em>Backgrounds: </em></strong>Obese children is a serious health problem. Obesity in childhood if it’s not handled properly will cause obesity up to adolescence and adulthood. Eating behavior in children plays an important role on the prevalence of obesity<strong>.</strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Objectives:</em></strong><em> This study aims to determine the correlation of excessive eating behavior (overeating, enjoyment of food, desire to drink) with overweight in preschool children.</em></p><p><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong><em>The study used case control design adjusted for age and sex. The research subjects were taken randomly from 53 early childhood schools in the city of Yogyakarta. Subjects were mothers who has preschool children aged 3-5 years. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: cases who have Z score&gt; 2 SD (n = 101) and control have Z score -2 up to 2 SD (n = 101) were adjusted for age and gender. Behaviors of food approach were assessed using CEBQ (Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire). The nutritional status of parents was determined by using BMI (Body Mass Index). Data of birth weight and socioeconomic was obtained by interviews directly to the mother. Data were Analyzed  by Mc Nemar and Conditional Logistic Regression.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results:</em></strong><em> There was correlation enjoyment of food with overweight (p &lt; 0.05, OR 4.33, 95% CI: 1.74-12.87). There was no correlation overeating (emotional overeating / food responsiveness) with overweight (p &gt; 0.05, OR 0, 95% CI : 0.02 to 0.00). There was no correlation desire to drink with overweight (p &gt; 0.05, OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.47 to 5.12). Enjoyment of food behavior is accompanied by nutritional status of obese mothers had significant association with overweight (p &lt; 0.05, OR:3.71, 95% CI: 1.12 to 4.05).</em></p><p><strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong><em>Enjoyment of food behavior was risk factor of overweight in preschool children. Educator in early childhood schools hopefully can give information to parents about prevention and intervention of obesity in preschool children, which associated with food  approach and obesity. Future research needs longitudinal studies to better know the causal behavior of food approach to obesity in preschool children.</em></p><p> </p><strong>KEYWORDS</strong>: <em>excessive eating behavior, overweight, preschool children</em>

scholarly journals Is It Necessary to Weight Loss in Obese Boys with Small Penile Length? A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadra Rezakhaniha ◽  
Bijan Rezakhaniha ◽  
Nahid Aarabi ◽  
Soheila Siroosbakht
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Penile Length ◽  
Penis Size ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Control Study

Background: Nowadays, parents are paying more attention to the penis size of their children, especially obese children. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between obesity, testosterone, and estradiol in prepubertal non-obese and obese children with micropenis. Methods: This case-control study was done on 58 non-obese and 86 obese micropenis children aged 8 - 13 years at Golestan Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from June 2018 to May 2020. The body mass index (BMI), testosterone and estradiol levels, stretched penile length (SPL), and the correlation between these were studied. Results: The mean age of children in non-obese and obese groups was 10.2 ± 1.34 and 10.5 ± 1.6 years, respectively. SPL in non-obese and obese subjects was 3.1 ± 1.3 and 2.9 ± 1.22 cm, respectively. SPL in both groups was significantly correlated with height and testosterone (height: r = 0.239, P = 0.009; testosterone: r = 0.344, P = 0.001) but not with BMI, weight, and estradiol. After the adjustment for age, BMI, weight, and estradiol, adjusted odds ratio with confidence interval 95% for penile length across to height and testosterone levels in non-obese group was 1.52 (0.91 - 1.83; P = 0.001) and 0.56 (0.36 - 0.98; P = 0.001), respectively and in the obese group was 1.42 (0.81 - 1.66; P = 0.001) and 0.75 (0.51 - 0.87; P = 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: Penile length is positively correlated with height and testosterone but not with weight and estradiol in non-obese and obese children. It is probably not essential and obligatory to recommend weight loss for this issue and weight loss should not be concerned by children and their parents.

scholarly journals Is Opium Use Associated with an Increased Risk of Lung Cancer? A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami ◽  
Maryam Marzban ◽  
Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi ◽  
Shahryar Dabiri ◽  
Reza Abbasi Rayeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Opium Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background: In recent years, lung cancer (LC) incidence has increased in Iran. The use of opium and its derivatives (O&D) has increased as well. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the use of O&D and LC incidence. Methods: In this case-control study conducted in Kerman, Iran; 140 patients with lung cancer and 284 healthy controls matched by age, sex, and place of residence were included. Data including O&D use, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and diet were collected using a structured questionnaire. The relation between the use of O&D and LC was evaluated using conditional logistic regression test. Results: The use of opium was associated with an increased risk of LC (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 7.95, 95% CI: 3.78 -16.73). A significant dose-response relation between the use of opium and its derivatives was observed (low use AOR = 7.47, 95% CI: 2.33-23.98 and high use AOR = 11.57, 95% CI: 2.25-59.49). Also, there was a relation between starting to use O&D at lower ages and an increased risk of LC (AOR = 5.78, 95 % CI: 2.36 - 14.14). Conclusion: The results of this study support that opium use could be considered as a strong risk factor for LC. Thus, it is highly suggested that tailored policies to be applied in order to reduce use of opium.

scholarly journals Enlargement of Dorello's Canal as a Novel Radiographic Marker of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (03) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Michael Eggerstedt ◽  
Sumeet G. Dua ◽  
Antonios N. Varelas ◽  
Sudeep H. Bhabad ◽  
Pete S. Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Csf Rhinorrhea ◽  
Dorello’S Canal ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
Reliable Marker ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Objectives The objective of this study is to compare the visibility and size of Dorello's canal (DC) on magnetic resonance imaging between patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and control patients, for its evaluation as a potential novel marker for chronic increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Design Retrospective blinded case–control study. Setting Tertiary care academic center. Participants Fourteen patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and diagnosed IIH, as well as an equal number of age and gender-matched controls. Main Outcome Measures Radiographic presence or absence of visible CSF sleeve within DC as well as CSF sleeve width when present. Results Following review of 28 IIH canals and 28 control canals, IIH patients were significantly more likely to have a visible CSF sleeve within DC and to have a wider measured medial entrance to DC (p < 0.001). Conclusion Identification of CSF evagination into DC may serve as a reliable marker for increased ICP in the IIH population. This finding should be considered in the future as paradigms for diagnosis of IIH continue to evolve.

scholarly journals Risk factors for bleeding in haemato-oncology patients—a nested case–control study: The BITE study protocol (Bleeding In Thrombocytopenia Explained)

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e034710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loes L Cornelissen ◽  
Camila Caram-Deelder ◽  
Johanna G van der Bom ◽  
Rutger A Middelburg ◽  
Jaap Jan Zwaginga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Bleeding Events ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

IntroductionHaemato-oncological patients often receive platelet count driven prophylactic platelet transfusions to prevent bleeding. However, many prophylactically transfused patients still bleed. More knowledge on risk factors for bleeding is therefore needed. This will enable identification of bleeding risk profiles on which future transfusion policy can be optimised. The present BITE study (Bleeding In Thrombocytopenia Explained) aims to identify clinical conditions and biomarkers that are associated with clinically relevant bleeding events.Methods and analysisA matched case–control study nested in a cohort of haemato-oncological patients in the Netherlands. We collect a limited number of variables from all eligible patients, who together form the source population. These patients are followed for the occurrence of clinically relevant bleeding. Consenting patients of the source population form the cohort. Cases from the cohort are frequency matched to selected control patients for the nested case–control study. Of both case and control patients more detailed clinical data is collected.Study populationAdult haemato-oncological patients, who are admitted for intensive chemotherapeutic treatment or stem cell transplantation, or who received such treatments in the past and are readmitted for disease or treatment-related adverse events.Statistical analysisBleeding incidences will be calculated for the total source population, as well as for different subgroups. The association between potential risk factors and the occurrence of bleeding will be analysed using conditional logistic regression, to account for matching of case and control patients.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee Leiden Den Haag and Delft, and the Radboudumc Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects. Approval in seven other centres is foreseen. Patients will be asked for written informed consent and data is coded before analyses, according to Dutch privacy law. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNL62499.058.17. NCT03505086; Pre-results.

Quinolone Use as a Risk Factor for Nosocomial Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 572-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarwyn Yip ◽  
Mark Loeb ◽  
Suzette Salama ◽  
Lorraine Moss ◽  
Jan Olde
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To determine modifiable risk factors for nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD).Design:Case-control study.Setting:300-bed tertiary-care hospital.Participants:Hospital inpatients present during the 3-month study period.Methods:Case-patients identified with nosocomial CDAD over the study period were compared to two sets of control patients: inpatients matched by age, gender, and date of admission; and inpatients matched by duration of hospital stay. Variables including demographic data, comorbid illnesses, antibiotic exposure, and use of gastrointestinal medications were assessed for case- and control-patients. Conditional logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for nosocomial CDAD.Results:27 case-patients were identified and were compared to the two sets of controls (1:1 match for each comparison set). For the first set of controls, use of ciprofloxacin (odds ratio [OR], 5.5; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 1.2-24.8; P=.03) was the only variable that remained significant in the multivariable model. For the second set of controls, prior exposure to cephalosporins (OR, 6.7; CL,5, 1.3-33.7; P=.02) and to ciprofloxacin (OR, 9.5; CI95, 1.01-88.4; P=.05) were kept in the final model.Conclusions:Along with cephalosporins, prior quinolone use predisposed hospitalized patients to nosocomial CDAD. Quinolones should be used judiciously in acute-care hospitals, particularly in those where CDAD is endemic.

FC13-10 - Frequency of prolonged qtc in children and adolescents hospitalized for psychiatric disorders: a nested case-control study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1891-1891
Author(s):  
P. Manu ◽  
V. Figen ◽  
J. Harris ◽  
J.M. Kane ◽  
C.U. Correll
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Qtc Prolongation ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundThe rate-corrected Q-T interval (QTc) prolongation is a risk factor for sudden death and may be produced by antipsychotic drugs.ObjectiveTo determined the frequency and psychopharmacological correlates of baseline prolongation of QTc in a large pediatric cohort.MethodsThe QTc was measured on the electrocardiograms obtained on 811 children and adolescents (404 males and 407 females, mean age: 15.5 ± 2.4 years) consecutively evaluated in the admissions unit of a psychiatric hospital. Each patient with QTc > 440 msec was age- and gender-matched with 5 patients with QTc< 420 msec. The psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic treatment of patients with prolonged QTc and control subjects were compared in univariate and logistic analyses.ResultsQTc duration was > 440 msec (mean 454 ± 10 msec, range 442–481 msec) in 16 patients (1.97%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17%–3.25%). The 80 control subjects had a mean QTc of 391 ± 21 msec. The groups were similar with regard to the proportion of patients on antipsychotics (43.8% vs. 40.8%, p = 0.78) and chlorpromazine equivalents (165.5 ± 109.7 mg vs. 167.6 ± 217.8 mg, p = 0.98). Logistic regression identified schizophrenia as the only psychiatric predictor of baseline QTc prolongation (odds-ratio: 6.17, 95% CI: 1.24–30.69, p = 0.042).ConclusionsIn a large cohort of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders, baseline QTc prolongation was infrequent and, at most, of moderate severity. The findings argue against performing electrocardiograms prior to the initiation of antipsychotics in all patients from this age group.

Anxiety, depression and self-esteem levels in obese children: a case-control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seda Topçu ◽  
Filiz Şimşek Orhon ◽  
Meltem Tayfun ◽  
Seyit Ahmet Uçaktürk ◽  
Fatma Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObesity is a global health problem affecting all age groups. Childhood obesity, which may cause chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and cancer, etc., deserves more attention. However, few studies highlight the association between childhood obesity and psychological diseases. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the psychological condition in obese children.One hundred and sixty-seven obese (body mass index (BMI) >95th percentile) and 200 normal weight children (BMI between 5th and 85th percentile) aged 9–16 years were enrolled into this case-control study. In order to assess the self-concept, anxiety and depression levels: the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale (PHCSCS), state and trait anxiety inventory for children (STAI-C) and the children depression inventory (CDI) were administered both obese and control groups.There were significant differences among obese and control groups in terms of the total score of PHCSCS [55 (22–69) versus 65 (57–74)], STAI-C [37 (20–55) versus 28 (20–42)], and CDI [12 (4–39)] versus [8 (3–19)]; respectively (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001). We also found statistically significant differences among groups in all of the subscales parameters of PHCSCS (p<0.001).Our results indicate that obese children may experience psychiatric disorders more than normal-weight peers.

scholarly journals Vulnerability factors associated with HIV/AIDS hospitalizations: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Maria Lopes ◽  
Rubia Laine de Paula Andrade ◽  
Tiemi Arakawa ◽  
Gabriela Tavares Magnabosco ◽  
Maria Ines Battistella Nemes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Case Control ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the association between HIV/AIDS hospitalizations and factors that integrate individual, social, and programmatic vulnerabilities. Methods: a case-control study conducted in 2014 in a municipality in the state of São Paulo. “Cases” included people living with HIV (PLHIV) hospitalized and “control” those who were outpatients. Interviews were conducted using a tool with sociodemographic variables, clinical characteristics and other vulnerabilities. Data were analyzed by conditional logistic regression. Results: fifty-six cases and 112 control participated. Risk factors for HIV hospitalization were: unemployed and retired individuals; homeless people; non-antiretroviral users; individuals who did not regularly attend returns. Access to social workers was a protective factor for hospitalization. Conclusions: this research contributed to measure the social, individual and programmatic vulnerabilities that interfere with HIV worsening and, consequently, unfavorable outcome such as hospitalization.

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