scholarly journals Severity of Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment Needs among 12- to 15-Year-Old School Children of Davangere District, Karnataka, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 298-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Shivakumar ◽  
GN Chandu ◽  
MD Shafiulla
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sampling Procedures

Objectives: To assess the severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12- to 15-year-old school children of Davangere District, India, by using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI).Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 1800 12- to 15-year-old school children of Davangere District, Karnataka, India. Talukas (administrative units in some states in India) were considered clusters. Schools were selected using simple random sampling procedures. The 300 study subjects were selected using systematic random sampling procedures. Data consisting of DAI components were recorded pro forma. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis. The Chi-square test (X2) was used to compare malocclusion severity. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare the changes in DAI scores and the mean DAI scores between age groups. The Z test was used to compare mean DAI scores between the 2 sexes and between children residing in urban and rural areas.Results: Of the 1800 school children examined, 899 (49.9%) were boys and 901 (50.1%) were girls. Most of the children (79.9%) had DAI scores ≤ 25 with no or minor malocclusion requiring no or little treatment, 15.4% had DAI scores of 26–30 with definite malocclusion requiring elective treatment, 4.2% had DAI scores of 31–35 with severe malocclusion requiring highly desirable treatment, and 0.5% had DAI scores ≥ 36 with handicapping malocclusion requiring mandatory treatment.Conclusions: The majority of the children in our study (79.9%) required no or little treatment; 20.1% had definite malocclusion requiring definite orthodontic treatment. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:298- 307)

scholarly journals Prevalence of caesarean section and womens' attitude towards caesarean section in Manipur, North-Eastern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 694
Author(s):  
Joymati Oinam ◽  
Shantibala Kongjenbam ◽  
Yumnam Ningthemba Singh
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: The rapid increase of caesarean section (CS) rate throughout the world has become a serious public health issue since the level of CS is well above the WHO (1985) recommended 15% and it is increasing over time. Objectives of the study was to determine the prevalence of caesarean section and women’s attitudes towards CS, to investigate rural-urban differences and any associated factors between attitude with socio-demographic factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural areas of three districts of Manipur from 2015 to 2017 among 600 eligible married women aged 18-35 years selected by simple random sampling. Household was taken as sampling unit and electoral roll (2013) as sampling frame. An interview schedule was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics like mean, SD, proportion and inferential statistics like χ2 test was used. p-value 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Mean age of the participants was 29.7±4.6 years. The overall prevalence of CS rate was 18.5% and the first child CS rate was 19.9% and majority of them belongs to 30-35 age groups. Majority of the women (84.2%) have neutral attitude and only 7.6% have favorable attitude towards CS. Favorable attitude towards CS was more among women who married at ≥30 years, whose husband was >30 years and was a government employee and who ever had CS.Conclusions: Although the prevalence of CS is well above the WHO (1985) recommendation. Majority still preferred vaginal delivery and the demand for CS is low in the present setting. 

Prevalence of Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment Needs Among 12 and 15 Years Old Rural School Children in Kancheepuram District, Tamilnadu

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Ingle ◽  
S Hemapriya ◽  
PE Chaly ◽  
VC Reddy
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rural School ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Introduction Oral health care in rural areas is limited due to shortage of dental manpower, financial constraints and the lack of perceived need for dental care among rural masses. Aim and Objectives To assess malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12 and 15 years old rural school children in Kancheepuram district. Materials and Methods Multistage random sampling methodology was employed for the selection of blocks, village panchayats, schools and school children. The final sample size of the study is 1000 which included 500 children from 12 years and 500 from 15 years. The malocclusion was recorded using Dental Aesthetic Index. Results The overall prevalence of malocclusion among both the age groups was 75%. The mean DAI score among the 12 years was 29.1 ± 6.02 and among the 15 years was 28.2 ± 5.45 respectively. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that there is high prevalence of malocclusion among the rural school children.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Perawat Rawat Inap dalam Menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri di RSUD Langsa Tahun 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Indra Agussamad ◽  
Maya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Perawat merupakan petugas kesehatan dengan presentasi terbesar dan memegang peranan penting dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan.WHO (2013) mencatat, dari 39,47 juta petugas kesehatan di seluruh dunia, 66,7%-nya adalah perawat. Di Indonesia, perawat juga merupakan bagian terbesar dari tenaga kesehatan yang bertugas di rumah sakit yaitu sekitar 47,08% dan paling banyak berinteraksi dengan pasien. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain cross sectional study dengan jumlah sampel 72 perawat dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling,dan penelitian ini secara univariat dan bivariat dengan Chy-Square yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan, pengawasan, motivasi, sikap dan ketersediaan alat terhadap kepatuhan perawat rawat inap dalam menggunakan alat pelindung diri dengan(p-value< 0,05).

scholarly journals Stigma Related to Tuberculosis Among Patients Attending DOTS Clinics of Dharan Municipality

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Aryal ◽  
A Badhu ◽  
S Pandey ◽  
A Bhandari ◽  
P Khatiwoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Past History ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tuberculosis Patient ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients

Background The patients suffering from tuberculosis are receiving shame and unfair treatment from the people living around them within their own society attending DOTS clinic of Dharan municipality. Objective To assess the stigma experienced by tuberculosis patients and to find out the association between stigma experienced by Tuberculosis patient and the selected variables (socio-demographic characteristics, clinical profile and illness experience). Methods Descriptive Cross Sectional study was done among sixty tuberculosis patients. Stratified random sampling was used to select the main center and sub center of Tuberculosis treatment and population proportionate simple random sampling using lottery method was done. Data was collected using predesigned, pretested performa from Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue developed by World Health Organization. Results The study revealed that 63.3% of the subjects were stigmatized. There was association between stigma and variables such as occupation, monthly family income and past history of Tuberculosis. There was also association of stigma with treatment phase, category of the patient and past outcome of illness. Conclusion Due to lack of knowledge and awareness about Tuberculosis, many patients were stigmatized. Efforts should be made to educate the public about Tuberculosis to reduce stigma experienced by Tuberculosis patients and improve the compliance of the patient. KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL JOURNAL  VOL.10 | NO. 1 | ISSUE 37 | JAN - MAR 2012 | 48-52 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i1.6914

scholarly journals Examining the Dietary Diversity of Children in Niger

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2961
Author(s):  
Nafissatou Cisse Egbuonye ◽  
Ariun Ishdorj ◽  
E.L.J. McKyer ◽  
Rahma Mkuu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Factors

Malnutrition is a major public health concern in Niger. The stunting rate in children in Niger is over 50%, one of the highest in the world. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine children’s dietary diversity (CDD) and the maternal factors that impact CDD. A total of 1265 mother–child pairs were analyzed. Descriptive analysis was conducted to present maternal and child characteristics. To compare the mean scores of CDD in relation to the region, an independent sample t-test was conducted. A one-way ANOVA test was conducted to evaluate the CDD score by different age groups. A linear regression model was estimated to identify household, maternal and child factors that affect the CDD score. Our results indicate that most of the participants of our survey resided in rural areas and the majority (80.7%) of the mothers had no education. Factors such as region, children’s age, woman’s empowerment, vitamin A intake and wealth index were significant predictors of CDD (p < 0.05). The children residing in rural areas were more likely to have lower CDD scores (p < 0.05) than the children in urban areas, therefore becoming more susceptible to malnutrition.

scholarly journals LAMA PENGUNAAN KONTRASEPSI PIL DAN SUNTIK PADA WANITA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Immawanti Immawanti ◽  
Junaedi Yunding
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRAK Penggunaan metode kontrasepsi hormonal dalam waktu lama dapat menimbulkan efek samping salah satunya adalah peningkatan tekanan darah atau hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan lama penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal jenis pil dan suntik pada wanita pasangan usia subur dengan kejadian hipertensi. Rancangan penelitian ini merupakan survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Sampel sebanyak 67 wanita pasangan usia subur, sampel diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah spignomanometer dan lembar kuisioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan ada hubungan lama penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal pil (p=0,00) dan kontrasepsi hormonal suntik (p=0,01) dengan kejadian hipertensi pada wanita pasangan usia subur. Diharapkan instansi terkait untuk memberikan informasi tentang kelebihan dan kelemahan penggunaan jenis kontrasepsi bagi calon akseptor. Kata Kunci : hipertensi, kontrasepsi pil, kontrasepsi suntik, lama pemakaian

scholarly journals Prevalence of Dental Caries among 13 and 15-Year-Old School Children in an Endemic Fluorosis Area: A Cross-sectional Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sudhakar ◽  
K Amarendher Reddy ◽  
BR Anuradha ◽  
G Sri Laxmi ◽  
VN Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Endemic Fluorosis ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Aim To assess the prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis among 13- to 15-year-old school children in Panyam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Materials and methods The cross-sectional study was conducted among 202 school children and were examined for dental fluorosis and dental caries. Results This study shows that male students have a decrease in DMFT (Decayed, missing, filled, teeth) index and increase in Dean's index when compared with females. Among students with 13 to 15 years of age, 13-year-old student has increase in DMFT score when compared with other age groups and 14-year-old students has increase in Dean's score when compared with other age group students. Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries decreased with the increase of fluorosis among the students examined. Clinical significance Patients with dental fluorosis show a decreased prevalence of dental caries. How to cite this article Anuradha BR, Sri Laxmi G, Sudhakar P, Malik VN, Reddy KA, Reddy SN, Prasanna AL. Prevalence of Dental Caries among 13 and 15-Year-Old School Children in an Endemic Fluorosis Area: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):447-450.

scholarly journals FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI PADA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR DI DESA LOHBENER KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-182
Author(s):  
Hairil Akbar Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
R Value

Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) adalah usaha untuk mengukur jumlah dan jarak anak yang diinginkan, untuk mencapai hal tersebut dibuatlah beberapa cara untuk mencegah ataupun menunda kehamilan, walaupun dalam pelaksanaannya pelayanan KB yang berkualitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi pada pada pasangan usia subur di Desa Lohbener Kabupaten Indramayu.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional, dengan desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian yaitu semua wanita Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) yang berusia 15-49 tahun dan berstatus menikah, sedangkan sampel pada penelitian ini sebagian dari wanita Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) yang berusia 15-49 tahun dan berstatus menikah di Desa Lohbener Kabupaten Indramayu. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Simple Random Sampling dan menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi logistik, faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi pada ibu PUS di Desa Lohbener Kabupaten Indramayu yaitu dukungan suami (r value = 0,000; CI:4,229-70,362), dan pengetahuan (rvalue = 0,000; CI:3,012-34,233), sedangkan faktor yang tidak berhubungan yaitu status pekerjaan (rvalue = 0,577; CI:0,214-15,902), paritas (r value = 0,319; CI:0,193-1,710), dan akses pelayanan keluarga berencana (r value = 0,984; CI:0,315-3,250) dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi pada PUS di Desa Lohbener Kabupaten Indramayu. Diharapkan para ibu PUS dengan usia ≥ 20 tahun untuk lebih memperhatikan kesehatan dengan perencanaan yang baik dalam keluarga seperti mengatur jumlah kelahiran, menjarangkan kehamilan, dan lebih aktif berkonsultasi pada pihak tenaga kesehatan untuk melakukan program KB.   Kata Kunci : , Pengetahuan, Dukungan Suami

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN UMUR DAN JUMLAH ANAK TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN METODE KONTRASEPSI DI PUSKESMAS BULAK BANTENG SURABAYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Nur Dewiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Kontrasepsi merupakan salah satu alat yang dapat dilakukan masyarakat untuk membantu mengendalikan lajunya pertambahan penduduk. Jumlah pengguna metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang masih rendah dibandingkan non metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang yang peminatnya masih tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan metode kontrasepsi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bulak Banteng Surabaya. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional, dengan desain menurut waktumya bersifat cross sectional study. Subjek diambil dari populasi dengan cara simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh faktor setiap variabel bebas terhadap penggunaan metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua wanita PUS (Pasangan Usia Subur) berusia 15-49 tahun yang merupakan akseptor KB metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang dan non metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang yang bertempat tinggal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bulak Banteng Surabaya. Variabel bebas yang digunakan adalah usia dan jumlah anak yang dimiliki responden. Variabel terikat yang digunakan adalah penggunaan metode kontrasepsi. Didapatkan jumlah sebanyak 94 responden. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa usia responden tidak memiliki hubungan dengan penggunaan metode konrasepsi (p=0,074 > α=0,05) sedangkan pada jumlah anak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan penggunaan metode kontrasepsi (p=0,048 < α=0,05).

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