scholarly journals Gingival Changes in Wistar Rats after Oral Treatment with 4-Nitroquinoline 1-Oxide

2007 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Araki Ribeiro ◽  
Daisy Maria Fávero Salvadori
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Test System ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Rat Tongue

ABSTRACTObjectives:4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO)-induced rat tongue carcinogenesis is a useful model for studying oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, gingival changes following 4NQO administration via drinking water are absent in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate gingival changes concomitant to tongue carcinogenesis induced by 4NQO by means of morphological analysis.Methods:Male Wistar rats were distributed into 3 groups of 10 animals each and treated with 50 ppm 4NQO solution by drinking water for 4, 12 or 20 weeks. Thirty animals were used as negative control.Results: Regarding tongue mucosa, the primary histopathological change i.e., hyperplasia and dysplasia was evidenced after 12 weeks treatment with 4NQO. At 20 weeks, squamous cell carcinoma was found in the majority of animals. Gingival squamous hyperplasia was induced by 4NQO after 20-weeks of treatment. Dysplastic changes appeared in some animals (two cases) as well.Conclusions:Taken together, our results support the notion that 4NQO is more effective in rat tongue mucosa than gingival tissue. Probably, this discrepancy depends strongly on route of administration and the susceptibility with respect to animals species. Certainly, such data will contribute when using this experimental test-system for understanding oral cancer pathogenesis. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:152-157)

Anal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Tsao ◽  
David Shibata
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Anal Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Anal Margin ◽  
Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis

This chapter focuses on anal squamous cell carcinoma and its precursor lesions and summarizes the relevant epidemiology, evaluation, and management. Risk factors including human immunodeficiency virus status and sexual practices as well as the role of human papilloma virus in anal cancer pathogenesis are reviewed. Further understanding of the molecular biology of anal cancer will inform future strategies for targeted therapy, and biomarkers such as p16 and p53 may emerge as important prognostic indicators. Anal low-grade or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion histologies are particularly prevalent in at-risk populations, and surgical oncologists should understand the principles that underlie surveillance and management strategies. Finally, the role of chemoradiation and salvage abdominoperineal resection and the options for systemic therapy in the setting of metastatic disease are outlined.  This review contains 10 figures, 5 tables, and 77 references. Key Words: Anal cancer, Anal HSIL, Anal LSIL, Anal margin cancer, Anal squamous cell, carcinoma, HPV, p16, Perianal cancer

scholarly journals Effect of Ferula persica plant methanol extract on the level of Cox-2 in induced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in rat tongue

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Vosoughhosseini ◽  
Amirala Aghbali ◽  
Parya Emamverdizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Razbani ◽  
Mehran Mesgari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Rat Tongue

scholarly journals The Crossroads of Periodontitis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immune Implications and Tumor Promoting Capacities

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omnia Elebyary ◽  
Abdelahhad Barbour ◽  
Noah Fine ◽  
Howard C. Tenenbaum ◽  
Michael Glogauer
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Local Inflammatory Response

Periodontitis (PD) is increasingly considered to interact with and promote a number of inflammatory diseases, including cancer. In the case of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) the local inflammatory response associated with PD is capable of triggering altered cellular events that can promote cancer cell invasion and proliferation of existing primary oral carcinomas as well as supporting the seeding of metastatic tumor cells into the gingival tissue giving rise to secondary tumors. Both the immune and stromal components of the periodontium exhibit phenotypic alterations and functional differences during PD that result in a microenvironment that favors cancer progression. The inflammatory milieu in PD is ideal for cancer cell seeding, migration, proliferation and immune escape. Understanding the interactions governing this attenuated anti-tumor immune response is vital to unveil unexplored preventive or therapeutic possibilities. Here we review the many commonalities between the oral-inflammatory microenvironment in PD and oral-inflammatory responses that are associated with OSCC progression, and how these conditions can act to promote and sustain the hallmarks of cancer.

scholarly journals Identification of miR-199-5p and miR-199-3p Target Genes: Paxillin Facilities Cancer Cell Aggressiveness in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1910
Author(s):  
Nozomi Tanaka ◽  
Chikashi Minemura ◽  
Shunichi Asai ◽  
Naoko Kikkawa ◽  
Takashi Kinoshita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis

Our previous study revealed that the miR-199 family (miR-199a-5p/-3p and miR-199b-5p/-3p) acts as tumor-suppressive miRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Furthermore, recent studies have indicated that the passenger strands of miRNAs are involved in cancer pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify cancer-promoting genes commonly regulated by miR-199-5p and miR-199-3p in HNSCC cells. Our in silico analysis and luciferase reporter assay identified paxillin (PXN) as a direct target of both miR-199-5p and miR-199-3p in HNSCC cells. Analysis of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database showed that expression of PXN significantly predicted a worse prognosis (5-year overall survival rate; p = 0.0283). PXN expression was identified as an independent factor predicting patient survival according to multivariate Cox regression analyses (p = 0.0452). Overexpression of PXN was detected in HNSCC clinical specimens by immunostaining. Functional assays in HNSCC cells showed that knockdown of PXN expression attenuated cancer cell migration and invasion, suggesting that aberrant expression of PXN contributed to HNSCC cell aggressiveness. Our miRNA-based approach will provide new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of HNSCC.

scholarly journals Microbiome in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Nurani Hayati ◽  
Caesary Cloudya Panjaitan ◽  
Ferry Sandra
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Precursor Lesion ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Carcinogenic Substances

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is part of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma which is the ultimate cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer. The alteration of microbial community in the saliva might act as a helpful marker for the prediction, detection and prognosis oral cancer, particularly the transition of cancer precursor lesion. There are three mechanisms of action of oral microbiota in cancer pathogenesis, chronic inflammation of bacterial stimulation, carcinogenesis by cytoskeletal rearrangements, and carcinogenic substances that produced by microorganisms. Changes in the composition of microbiota could therefore have the potential to be used as a significant oral biomarker to predict the pathological transition from oral epithelial precursor lesion to cancer.Keywords: microbiome, oral cancer cellular proliferation, microorganism, oral cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma

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