scholarly journals Association between Foramen Size and Febrile Seizure Status in the Pediatric Population: A Two-Center Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 430-435
Author(s):  
Peyton Presto ◽  
Preston D’Souza ◽  
Avery Kopacz ◽  
Keith A. Hanson ◽  
Laszlo Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Brain Cooling ◽  
Emissary Vein ◽  
Parietal Foramen

Abstract Objective Febrile seizures have been shown to occur in 2 to 5% of children between the ages of 6 months and 5 years, making them the most common seizures of childhood. Multiple risk factors for febrile seizures have been identified; however, no investigation has been conducted to explore foramen size and associated venous drainage as a potential risk factor for experiencing febrile seizures. Of particular interest are the parietal foramen and the condylar canal, which conduct the parietal emissary vein and the occipital emissary vein, respectively. Emissary veins lack valves, allowing them to play a crucial role in selective brain cooling via a bidirectional flow of blood from the head’s evaporating surface. Narrowed cranial apertures conducting these veins may lead to reduced cerebral venous outflow and delayed brain cooling, creating favorable conditions for a febrile event. This study seeks to explore the association between cranial aperture area and febrile seizure status. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional medical record review study from January 2011 to December 2017 was conducted at a 500-bed academic hospital and a 977-bed private hospital in Lubbock, Texas, United States. A total of 101 complex febrile seizure patients were compared with a similarly aged group of 75 trauma patients representing the normal population. Parietal foramen area and condylar canal area were electronically measured and defined as having “normal” or “below normal” area. Statistical Analysis Independent t-tests were used to compare foramen and canal areas by febrile seizure status. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association of small cranial aperture area with febrile seizure status. Results Below normal parietal foramen area had a strong association with febrile seizures in our patient population. Male sex, white race, and complete vaccination status were also found to have significant associations with febrile seizure status. Conclusion Our findings indicated that narrowed parietal foramen may be considered as a risk factor for febrile seizure development.

scholarly journals Pattern of Electroencephalography in Recurrent Febrile Seizure Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 471-474
Author(s):  
Adinda Chairunnisa ◽  
Prastiya Indra Gunawan ◽  
Isti Suharjanti
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Simple Complex ◽  
Abnormal Result ◽  
Prolonged Effect ◽  
Febrile Seizures Plus ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Eeg Pattern

Background: Febrile seizures are seizures that often occur in children, usually of a non-hazardous nature and do not have a prolonged effect. Febrile seizures most often occur in children under five years of age and are reported to occur in 2-5% of the pediatric population. Febrile seizures are categorized as simple, complex and plus febrile seizures. In some patients, EEG is needed to ascertain whether a true febrile seizure occurs. Objective: This study aims to determine the EEG pattern in recurrent febrile seizure patients at the Child Inpatient Installation of Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Method: This study used a retrospective descriptive method with medical record instruments. Results: This study showed that of 46 recurrent febrile seizures, only 21 patients could see the EEG results. Of the 18 patients with complicated febrile seizures there were 27.78% abnormal and 72.22% normal. One simple febrile seizure patient obtained a normal EEG result. Of the two patients with febrile seizures plus 50% abnormal results and 50% normal results. Conclusions: The EEG pattern in patients with recurring complex febrile seizure obtains the most abnormal result. Keywords: recurrent febrile seizure; electroencephalography; prevalence

scholarly journals The Role of Seizure-RelatedSEZ6as a Susceptibility Gene in Febrile Seizures

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Mulley ◽  
Xenia Iona ◽  
Bree Hodgson ◽  
Sarah E. Heron ◽  
Samuel F. Berkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Rare Variants ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Susceptibility Gene ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Chinese Cohort ◽  
Complex Inheritance

Sixty cases of febrile seizures from a Chinese cohort had previously been reported with a strong association between variants in the seizure-related (SEZ) 6 gene and febrile seizures. They found a striking lack of genetic variation in their controls. We found genetic variation inSEZ6at similar levels at the same DNA sequence positions in our 94 febrile seizure cases as in our 96 unaffected controls. Two of our febrile seizure cases carried rare variants predicted to have damaging consequences. Combined with some of the variants from the Chinese cohort, these data are compatible with a role forSEZ6as a susceptibility gene for febrile seizures. However, the polygenic determinants underlying most cases of febrile seizures with complex inheritance remain to be determined.

scholarly journals Association between iron deficiency anaemia and simple febrile seizure in South Indian rural population

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Gayathri Durai ◽  
Syamily Parambath ◽  
Rajendiran Ramachari Ramayi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Serum Iron Level ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
South Indian

Background: Simple febrile seizure is a common problem worldwide, many studies have investigated the etiology and natural history of febrile seizures and evaluated various management strategies, but very little information is available about iron deficiency as a risk factor. Hence, we aimed to determine the association between iron deficiency anaemia and simple febrile seizures in south Indian rural population. Methods: It is an observational study done in paediatrics department at Sri Venkateshwaraa medical college hospital and research centre. A total 120 (60 cases and 60 control) were included in the study. Children with febrile seizures and controls were included fever without seizures. Informed consent was taken from parents of each child. Children were divided into two groups, cases and controls. Serum ferritin level, Hb, HCT and MCV levels were assessed.Results: Mean Hb level in cases and controls were 9.1±1.2 and 12.7±1.7 mg/dl respectively. Mean MCV value in cases and controls was 78.1±6.2 and 81.4±6.9 respectively. Mean serum iron level in cases was 29.9±4.9 and in controls mean serum iron level was 42.8±7.4. Conclusions: Iron deficiency anaemia is considered as a risk factor for febrile seizures in children.

scholarly journals Reduced serum calcium is a risk factor for febrile seizures

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1506
Author(s):  
Ushakiran C. B. ◽  
Suresh R.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Age And Sex

 Background: Febrile seizure (FS) is the most common cause of convulsions in children. The objective of present work was to study the association between serum electrolytes and febrile seizures.Methods: Children in the age group of 6 month to 6 years with febrile seizures satisfying inclusion criteria and equal number of age and sex matched controls were subjected to estimation serum electrolytes and compared using appropriate statistical methods.Results: Serum Calcium levels in children with febrile seizures were reduced and this observation was statistically significant.Conclusions: Definite association was found between serum calcium levels and the occurrence of febrile seizures. Although serum calcium levels were not in the hypocalcemic range, they were decreased enough to cause a statistical significance in precipitating febrile seizures. 

The Frequency of Random Findings on Abdominal / Pelvis Computed Tomography in Pediatric Trauma Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betül Tiryaki Baştuğ
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Incidental Findings ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Pediatric Trauma ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Injured Child ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Discharge Summaries

Aims: In this study, we aimed to find the percentage of random pathologies and abdominopelvic region anomalies that are not related to trauma in pediatric patients. Background: An abdominal assessment of an injured child usually involves computed tomography imaging of the abdomen and pelvis (CTAP) to determine the presence and size of injuries. Imaging may accidentally reveal irrelevant findings. Objectives: Although the literature in adults has reviewed the frequency of discovering these random findings, few studies have been identified in the pediatric population. Methods: Data on 142( 38 female, 104 male) patients who underwent CTAP during their trauma evaluation between January 2019 and January 2020 dates were obtained from our level 3 pediatric trauma center trauma records. The records and CTAP images were examined retrospectively for extra traumatic pathologies and anomalies. Results: 67 patients (47%) had 81 incidental findings. There were 17 clinically significant random findings. No potential tumors were found in this population. Conclusion: Pediatric trauma CTAP reveals random findings. For further evaluation, incidental findings should be indicated in the discharge summaries.

The Role of Obesity in Motor Vehicle Injuries and Fatalities in the Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662199273
Author(s):  
Zana Alattar ◽  
Shelby Hoebee ◽  
Eyal Ron ◽  
Paul Kang ◽  
Eric vanSonnenberg
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Extremity Injury ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Extremity Injuries

Purpose: A systematic review done to evaluate obesity as a risk factor for injuries and mortality in motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) in the pediatric population, as there has not been a systematic review done in over 10 years. This study aims to update the literature regarding obesity as a risk factor for injuries in MVAs in the pediatric population. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in the use of 3 total articles to analyze obesity as a risk factor for overall injury and mortality in the pediatric population. Results: Zaveri et al demonstrated a statistically significant, but weak, decrease in the odds of extremity injury in overweight patients ages 2 to 17 years old (odds ratio [OR] = 0.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.4-1.0, P ≤ 0.05). On the other hand, Pollack et al and Haricharan et al found an increase in extremity injury in the obese population, in ages 9 to 15 years (OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.15-5.59, P ≤ 0.05), and 10 to 17 years (Age 10-13: OR = 6.06, 95% CI = 2.23-16.44, P ≤ 0.05, Age 14-17 OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.04-2.00, P ≤ 0.05), respectively. Haricharan et al also found an increase in thoracic injuries in obese children, ages 2 to 13 and increased risk of head/face/neck injury in obese children ages 2 to 5 (OR = 3.67, 95% CI = 1.03-13.08, P ≤ 0.05), but a decreased risk of head injury in obese children ages 14 to 17 (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.18-0.60, P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: There are sparse data that are conflicting, regarding the effect of obesity on extremity injuries in the pediatric population. Obesity is not protective against thoracic, head, or abdominal injuries. However, it was found to be a risk factor for trunk injuries in ages 2 to 13, as well as head/face/neck injuries for ages 2 to 5. Since the literature is so sparse, further research is warranted in these areas.

Specificity and Sensitivity of Hemosiderin-Laden Macrophages in Routine Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Children

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (11) ◽  
pp. 1684-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep N. Salih ◽  
Afreen Akhter ◽  
Javeed Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Hemosiderosis ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Long Term Prognosis

Abstract Context.—The presence of iron or hemosiderin in macrophages obtained in routine bronchoalveolar lavage is considered crucial in the diagnosis of the clinical syndrome of hemosiderosis. However, there do not appear to be any data on the sensitivity and specificity of the finding of hemosiderin-laden macrophages (HLMs) in bronchoalveolar lavage in children. Objective.—To review data from bronchoalveolar lavage studies done in children to correlate the presence of HLMs with pneumonia and hemosiderosis and to determine what proportion of HLMs has the optimal sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of hemosiderosis. Design.—One hundred ten bronchoalveolar lavage specimens obtained via flexible bronchoscopy were reviewed retrospectively. The data collected for demographics, indication for the bronchoscopy, diagnosis of pneumonia, anemia, and bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage findings were compared between patients diagnosed with hemosiderosis and those diagnosed with other diseases. Results.—Six patients were diagnosed with hemosiderosis by clinical findings, lung biopsy, or autopsy. There were no statistical differences in pneumonia (P > .99), anemia (P > .99), or coughing (P = .08) between patients with hemosiderosis and other patients. Hemoptysis was the only symptom that was significantly different between the 2 groups (P = .04). The mean HLM index for patients with hemosiderosis was 56% ± 16.17% and for other patients, 7.5% ± 10.74% (P < .001). A HLM index of 35% gave a sensitivity of 1% and a specificity of .96%. Conclusions.—These results confirm a strong association between HLM index and diagnosis of hemosiderosis in a pediatric population. Availability of this HLM index will result in accurate and timely diagnosis of pulmonary hemosiderosis, which may influence treatment and long-term prognosis.

Just Say No!

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-624
Author(s):  
JOHN M. FREEMAN
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Consensus Development ◽  
Consensus Development Conference ◽  
Focal Seizures ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neurologic Development

A seizure, even a febrile seizure, is terrifying to the family. Seeking reassurance that their child will not die and does not have epilepsy, parents turn to their physician. What is he or she to do? Often the physician prescribes medication "to prevent further seizures" and then reassures the family that the child will be fine if the medicine is given daily as directed. Both the recommendation and the reassurance are wrong. A Consensus Development Conference on Febrile Seizures held by the National Institutes of Health in 19801 concluded that they would only "consider" anticonvulsant prophylaxis when the child (1) had abnormal neurologic development, (2) had long or focal seizures, (3) had more than two seizures in 24 hours, (4) had a history of nonfebrile seizures in parent or sibling, or (5) was younger than 1 years of age.

The Association between Serum Sodium Levels and Febrile Seizures Recurrence: Is the Degree of Hyponatremia a Risk Factor?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esma Keleş Alp ◽  
Ahmet Midhat Elmacı
Keyword(s):  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Serum Sodium Level ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Serum Electrolyte ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Characteristics Analysis

AbstractFebrile seizures are common disorders in childhood. We evaluated the serum electrolyte levels and the associated factors in children with single and recurrent febrile seizures in 24 hours period of hospitalization. The medical records of children who were clinically diagnosed with febrile seizures and hospitalized were retrospectively revealed and analyzed. Data were collected for children aged 1 to 6 years including demographic parameters and serum electrolyte levels. A total of 244 children were enrolled in the study in which 209 were diagnosed with single febrile seizures and 35 of them with recurrent febrile seizures. Serum sodium levels were significantly lower in children with recurrent febrile seizure (138.5 ± 2.38 and 134.2 ± 3.55, p < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed that mild hyponatremia is associated with recurrence of febrile seizure within 24 hours. However, receiver-operating characteristics analysis for hyponatremia showed lower sensitivity (50.3%) and specificity (43.1%) values for optimal cutoff value of 133.5 mmol/L of serum sodium level. Our study suggested that serum sodium levels were significantly lower in children with recurrent febrile seizures. However, because of its lower sensitivity and specificity values, mild hyponatremia cannot be used as an indicator for febrile seizure recurrence.

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