scholarly journals Diffuse Parenchymal Neurocysticercosis: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Hanuman Prasad Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Radiological Feature ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
The Body ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Widespread Dissemination

AbstractNeurocysticercosis is the commonest parasitic disease of the central nervous system and the leading cause of seizure in the developing world. Human cysticercosis is caused by the dissemination of the embryo of Taenia solium in the intestine via the hepatoportal system to the tissues and organs of the body. The organs most commonly affected are the subcutaneous tissues, skeletal muscles, lung, brain, eye, liver, and occasionally the heart, thyroid, and pancreas. Widespread dissemination of the cysticerci can result in the involvement of almost any organ in the body. We report a case of 60 years old male presented with head injury due to fall, which was diagnosed as diffuse parenchymal neurocysticercosis on computed tomography scan of brain. We discuss the radiological feature, diagnostic criteria, management plan, and literature review of such reported cases.

scholarly journals Myocysticercosis as a Rare Cause of Hand Swelling involving Thenar Group of Muscles: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (228) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saugat KC ◽  
Gaurav Neupane ◽  
Anand Regmi ◽  
Sujit Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Larval form of Taenia solium causes cysticercosis that commonly involves the central nervous system. Other sites of manifestation are eye, gastrointestinal system, skeletal muscles and subcutaneous tissues. Isolated muscular involvement is rare with only a handful of cases reported in the literature. We present this case of an isolated symtomatic hand swelling due to Myocysticercosis which pose diagnostic dilemma. This should be considered in differential diagnosis in our developing nation and especially in endemic region. High resolution ultrasound of the hand (thenar region) helped in the diagnosis and is often diagnostic like in our case. The treatment of choice of an isolated symptomatic lesion without involvement of central nervous system is surgical excision which we did followed by short course of antiheminthic and anti-inflammatory medication for two weeks.

scholarly journals Isolated cysticercosis of anterior abdominal wall mimicking clinically as acute appendicitis: an unusual presentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
MK Gupta ◽  
K Ahmad ◽  
S Ansari ◽  
RK Rauniyar ◽  
S Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
High Resolution Ultrasonography ◽  
The Right

Cysticercosis, a parasitic disease caused by Taenia solium larva, is a major public health problem in developing countries. The encysted larval stage can affect any part of the body, but are most frequently detected in brain, eye, skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissues. Isolated cysticercosis of the abdominal wall can rarely mimic acute abdomen due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. We report a case of isolated cysticercosis of the right lower abdominal wall in a 25-year-old female who presented with acute abdominal pain mimicking clinically as acute appendicitis. High resolution ultrasonography showed typical features of cysticercosis in the abdominal wall and the patient had excellent clinical response to albendazole. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v1i4.9574 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2013) Vol.1 No.04: 45-47

Regulation of Na+–K+ homeostasis and excitability in contracting muscles: implications for fatigue

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 974-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Bækgaard Nielsen ◽  
Frank Vincenzo de Paoli
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Outer Membranes ◽  
Chemical Gradients ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Muscle Excitability

The performance of skeletal muscles depends on their ability to initiate and propagate action potentials along their outer membranes in response to motor signals from the central nervous system. This excitability of muscle fibres is related to the function of Na+ and K+ and Cl– channels and to steep chemical gradients for the ions across the cell membranes, i.e., the sarcolemma and T-tubular membranes. At rest, the chemical gradients for Na+ and K+ are maintained within close limits by the action of the Na+–K+ pump. During contractile activity, however, the muscles lose K+, which causes an increase in the concentration of K+ in the extracellular compartments of the body, the magnitude of which depends on the intensity of the exercise and the size of the muscle groups involved. Since the ensuing reduction in the chemical K+ gradient can have adverse effects on muscle excitability, it has repeatedly been suggested that, during intense exercise, the loss of K+ from muscle fibres can contribute to the complex set of mechanisms that leads to the development of muscle fatigue. In this review, aspects of the regulation of Na+–K+ homeostasis and excitability in contracting muscles is discussed within this context, together with the implications for the contractile function of skeletal muscles.

AN UNSUSUAL CASE OF ISOLATED EXTRAOCULAR MYOCYSTICERCOSIS: MASQUERADING AS A SUPERIOR RECTUS MUSCLE ABSCESS

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
Krupa Shah ◽  
Patel Rajkumar ◽  
Sarfaraz Shaikh ◽  
Madan Manmohan ◽  
Om Tavri
Keyword(s):  
Extraocular Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Rectus Muscle ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Superior Rectus ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Right ◽  
Superior Rectus Muscle

Human cysticercosis is caused by the larval form of the swine tapeworm Taenia solium.It can affect the central nervous system, the eye, skeletal muscles and subcutaneous tissues. In the orbit, cysticercosis can lodge into any extraocular muscle or other adnexal structures and are usually found as part of a generalized systemic infestation and very rarely seen with isolated infestation of a single extraocular muscle.Hence, sometimes as it was in our case,it is very difficult to differentiate an isolated extraocular muscle cysticercosis from extraocular muscle abscess or lymphoma. So,we, at our institute report a rare and unusual case of isolated right superior rectus muscle cysticercosis which presented with ptosis and painless swelling of the right upper eyelid, which was in fact discovered later masquerading as a superior rectus abscess.

Protein profiles of Taenia solium cysts obtained from skeletal muscles and the central nervous system of pigs: Search for tissue-specific proteins

2017 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Navarrete-Perea ◽  
Bárbara Moguel ◽  
Raúl José Bobes ◽  
Nelly Villalobos ◽  
Julio César Carrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Protein Profiles ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Characteristics of the dynamics of the central nervous system and att ention function in workers of shoe production

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
F. L. Azizova ◽  
U. A. Boltaboev
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Conflict Of Interests ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Universal Device ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Working Day

The features of production factors established at the main workplaces of shoe production are considered. The materials on the results of the study of the functional state of the central nervous system of women workers of shoe production in the dynamics of the working day are presented. The level of functional state of the central nervous system was determined by the speed of visual and auditory-motor reactions, installed using the universal device chronoreflexometer. It was revealed that in the body of workers of shoe production there is an early development of inhibitory processes in the central nervous system, which is expressed in an increase in the number of errors when performing tasks on proofreading tables. It was found that the most pronounced shift s in auditory-motor responses were observed in professional groups, where higher levels of noise were registered in the workplace. The correlation analysis showed a close direct relationship between the growth of mistakes made in the market and the decrease in production. An increase in the time spent on the task indicates the occurrence and growth of production fatigue.Funding. The study had no funding.Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

La systémique: son apport à la sylviculture et son rapport au marché | Systemics: its contribution to silviculture and its connection to the market

2006 ◽  
Vol 157 (7) ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
Guido Bernasconi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Living System ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Forest Management Plan

The silvicultural principles of a forest management plan for Canton Neuchâtel reveals itself as steeped in a systemic approach that allows us to consider the forest as a truly living system. In this context, it seems judicious to the author to conceive of the body forest personnel as a group of responsible people who share certain common ethics and who, in their work, promote the emergence of collective services recognised as beneficial to the state and which would be supported by public funding for the good of the entire community.

Assessment of the Biochemical Status of Workers Manufacturing Ethylbenzene and Styrene

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
RR Galimova ◽  
ET Valeeva ◽  
GV Timasheva ◽  
AB Bakirov
Keyword(s):  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hepatic Protein Synthesis ◽  
Increased Activity

Introduction: Production of ethylbenzene and styrene (EBS) is one of the most important stages in organic synthesis. The products have general toxic, hepatotoxic, irritating and narcotic effects on the human body. Severe exposures to EВS can induce pronounced disorders of the central nervous system such as styrene sickness and encephalopathy and of peripheral blood such as leukopenia and lymphocytosis. Materials and methods: We studied homeostasis indices in 376 workers of the main professional groups engaged in the production of EBS including equipment operators, repairmen, and instrumentation and automation fitters. Results: We established an increase in lipid peroxidation by the level of malondialdehyde amid an increase in catalase activity and a decrease in blood retinol and α-tocopherol levels. We also noted an increased activity of indicator enzymes including ALT, AST, GGT, and alkaline phosphatase. Significant changes in lipid metabolism in the form of cholesterolemia, triglyceridemia, a higher atherogenic index, and lower cholesterol of non-atherogenic blood serum lipids demonstrating atherogenic changes in the body were revealed. Conclusions: The earliest prenosological disorders in the body of the examined workers included an impaired hepatic protein synthesis, the development of cytolysis processes and a change in the integrity and functional activity of the liver cell in individuals, an imbalance in the oxidant-antioxidant system, one of the reasons of which was the adverse occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals. An increase in catalase activity is a protective compensatory reaction during the activation of free radical oxidation processes.

Neural Stem Cells to Glial Cells an Important Factor for Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prithiv K R Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Near Future

Stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into any type of cell or organ. Stems cell originate from any part of the body, including the brain. Brain cells or rather neural stem cells have the capacitive advantage of differentiating into the central nervous system leading to the formation of neurons and glial cells. Neural stem cells should have a source by editing DNA, or by mixings chemical enzymes of iPSCs. By this method, a limitless number of neuron stem cells can be obtained. Increase in supply of NSCs help in repairing glial cells which in-turn heal the central nervous system. Generally, brain injuries cause motor and sensory deficits leading to stroke. With all trials from novel therapeutic methods to enhanced rehabilitation time, the economy and quality of life is suppressed. Only PSCs have proven effective for grafting cells into NSCs. Neurons derived from stem cells is the only challenge that limits in-vitro usage in the near future.

Healthy Gut, Healthy Brain: The Gut Microbiome in Neurodegenerative Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 1142-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreyashi Chandra ◽  
Md. Tanjim Alam ◽  
Jhilik Dey ◽  
Baby C. Pulikkaparambil Sasidharan ◽  
Upasana Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cns Disorders ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Present Understanding ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Background: The central nervous system (CNS) known to regulate the physiological conditions of human body, also itself gets dynamically regulated by both the physiological as well as pathological conditions of the body. These conditions get changed quite often, and often involve changes introduced into the gut microbiota which, as studies are revealing, directly modulate the CNS via a crosstalk. This cross-talk between the gut microbiota and CNS, i.e., the gut-brain axis (GBA), plays a major role in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS) and Huntington’s disease (HD). Objective: We aim to discuss how gut microbiota, through GBA, regulate neurodegenerative disorders such as PD, AD, ALS, MS and HD. Methods: In this review, we have discussed the present understanding of the role played by the gut microbiota in neurodegenerative disorders and emphasized the probable therapeutic approaches being explored to treat them. Results: In the first part, we introduce the GBA and its relevance, followed by the changes occurring in the GBA during neurodegenerative disorders and then further discuss its role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Finally, we discuss its applications in possible therapeutics of these diseases and the current research improvements being made to better investigate this interaction. Conclusion: We concluded that alterations in the intestinal microbiota modulate various activities that could potentially lead to CNS disorders through interactions via the GBA.

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