Redeployment of Dental Core Trainees in the United Kingdom due to Coronavirus Disease 2019

Abstract Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected professionals in all fields; none more so than medical and dental professionals. As dental core trainees (DCT) working in hospitals, we have been at the forefront of the crisis and one of the first in line for redeployment. Therefore, we decided to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the redeployment of DCTs across the UK. Materials and Methods Data for this study was collected and shared between three project researchers. All researchers were undergoing dental core training in Oral Surgery and Restorative dentistry at Guy’s Hospital, London. An online survey was sent out via email and online social media platforms to reach as many DCTs as possible in the United Kingdom. Implied consent was obtained by respondents on submission of the survey.The survey consisted of five sections and was branched, with respondents answering different sections depending on their redeployment status. No qualitative data was collected, as all questions included in the survey were dichotomous or multiple-choice questions. The last two questions were in the form of a 5-point Likert scale, inviting respondents to rate five statements from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Results A total of 150 participants responded, of which 34% had been redeployed due to the pandemic. The majority of DCTs were redeployed to an intensive care unit or similar setting, and over 75% of those redeployed were working with either COVID-19 positive/suspect patients. Additionally, 23.8% of respondents had stopped patient contact due to their medical status. Conclusion Many DCTs have been deployed to departments outside of their specialty and expressed some anxiety as a result. Inevitably, this has resulted in disruption to their training program and education over the last few months. The response across the United Kingdom has been understandably variable due to the differing demands of the hospital trusts within which the DCTs work.

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COVID-19, Alcohol Consumption and Stockpiling Practises in Midlife Women: Repeat Surveys During Lockdown in Australia and the United Kingdom

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.642950 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Emma R. Miller ◽

Ian N. Olver ◽

Carlene J. Wilson ◽

Belinda Lunnay ◽

Samantha B. Meyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Online Survey ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Midlife Women ◽

Multivariate Techniques ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Risky Alcohol ◽

The Many ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

Introduction: This project examined the impact of COVID-19 and associated restrictions on alcohol practises (consumption and stockpiling), and perceptions of health risk among women in midlife (those aged 45–64 years).Methods: We collected online survey data from 2,437 midlife women in the United Kingdom (UK) and Australia in May 2020, recruited using a commercial panel, in the early days of mandated COVID-19 related restrictions in both countries. Participants were surveyed again (N = 1,377) in July 2020, at a time when COVID-19 restrictions were beginning to ease. The surveys included the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test—Consumption (AUDIT-C) and questions alcohol stockpiling. Analysis involved a range of univariate and multivariate techniques examining the impact of demographic variables and negative affect on consumption and acquisition outcomes.Results: In both surveys (May and July), UK women scored higher than Australian women on the AUDIT-C, and residence in the UK was found to independently predict stockpiling of alcohol (RR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.91). Developing depression between surveys (RR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.04) and reporting pessimism (RR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.81), and fear/anxiety (RR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.70) at the beginning of the study period also predicted stockpiling by the end of the lockdown. Having a tertiary education was protective for alcohol stockpiling at each time point (RR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.87).Conclusions: COVID-19 was associated with increases in risky alcohol practises that were predicted by negative emotional responses to the pandemic. Anxiety, pessimism and depression predicted stockpiling behaviour in UK and Australian women despite the many demographic and contextual differences between the two cohorts. Given our findings and the findings of others that mental health issues developed or were exacerbated during lockdown and may continue long after that time, urgent action is required to address a potential future pandemic of alcohol-related harms.

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Impact of the First COVID-19 Lockdown on Management of Pet Dogs in the UK

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Robert M. Christley ◽

Jane K. Murray ◽

Katharine L. Anderson ◽

Emma L. Buckland ◽

Rachel A. Casey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Online Survey ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Pet Dogs ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Home Location ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

Training Opportunities

Initial COVID-19 lockdown restrictions in the United Kingdom (23 March–12 May 2020) prompted lifestyle changes for many people. We explored the impact of this lockdown phase on pet dogs using an online survey completed by 6004 dog owners, who provided information including dog management data for the 7 days prior to survey completion (4–12 May 2020), and for February 2020 (pre-lockdown). We explored associations between potential predictors and four outcomes relating to changes pre-/during lockdown (reduction in number and duration of walks; increased frequency of play/training, and provision of toys). Most owners (79.5%) reported their dog’s routine had changed compared to pre-lockdown. There was a four-fold increase in the proportion not left alone for >5 min on any day during a weekly period (14.6% pre-lockdown, 58.0% during lockdown), with the proportion being left for ≥3 h at a time decreasing from 48.5% to 5.4%. Dogs were walked less often and for less time daily during lockdown, with factors related to the dog, owner, household, and home location associated with changes to walking practices. Many dogs had more play/training sessions and were given toys more frequently during lockdown. Decreased walk duration was associated with increased odds of play/training opportunities and toy provision. These changes to dog management have the potential for immediate and longer-term welfare problems.

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Domestic and international mobility trends in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of facebook data

International Journal of Health Geographics ◽

10.1186/s12942-021-00299-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Harry E. R. Shepherd ◽

Florence S. Atherden ◽

Ho Man Theophilus Chan ◽

Alexandra Loveridge ◽

Andrew J. Tatem

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Spatial Scales ◽

International Travel ◽

Population Mobility ◽

International Mobility ◽

Mobility Patterns ◽

Social Distancing ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Since early March 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic across the United Kingdom has led to a range of social distancing policies, which resulted in changes to mobility across different regions. An understanding of how these policies impacted travel patterns over time and at different spatial scales is important for designing effective strategies, future pandemic planning and in providing broader insights on the population geography of the country. Crowd level data on mobile phone usage can be used as a proxy for population mobility patterns and provide a way of quantifying in near-real time the impact of social distancing measures on changes in mobility. Methods Here we explore patterns of change in densities, domestic and international flows and co-location of Facebook users in the UK from March 2020 to March 2021. Results We find substantial heterogeneities across time and region, with large changes observed compared to pre-pademic patterns. The impacts of periods of lockdown on distances travelled and flow volumes are evident, with each showing variations, but some significant reductions in co-location rates. Clear differences in multiple metrics of mobility are seen in central London compared to the rest of the UK, with each of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland showing significant deviations from England at times. Moreover, the impacts of rapid changes in rules on international travel to and from the UK are seen in substantial fluctuations in traveller volumes by destination. Conclusions While questions remain about the representativeness of the Facebook data, previous studies have shown strong correspondence with census-based data and alternative mobility measures, suggesting that findings here are valuable for guiding strategies.

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Prospects for a close EU-UK trade deal are not good

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db249558 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Financial Services ◽

Transition Period ◽

Content Type ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Uk Government ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

Limited Period ◽

The Eu

Subject UK-EU trade talks. Significance The United Kingdom will leave the EU on January 31, 2020, but will abide by EU rules as part of the transition period, which runs to December 31, 2020. During this limited period of time, London and Brussels will seek to negotiate a permanent trading relationship. While the transition deadline can be extended, the UK government has committed not to seek an extension. Impacts The impact of no trade deal or a 'thin' one may force the UK government to increase taxes in order to meet spending pledges. UK financial services will rely on an equivalence deal with the EU; London hopes to agree this by mid-2020. The EU’s future trade policy will focus on having stronger sanction powers as well as legal ones for those that unfairly undercut EU firms.

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The Impact of Brexit on the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain of the United Kingdom: Scoping Review Protocol (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.17684 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Madison Milne-Ives ◽

Ching Lam ◽

Michelle van Velthoven ◽

Edward Meinert

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Supply Chain ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Healthcare Management ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Pharmaceutical Supply Chain ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

BACKGROUND The continuing uncertainty around Brexit has caused concern in the pharmaceutical industry and among health care professionals and patients. The exact consequences of Brexit on the pharmaceutical supply chain in the United Kingdom will depend on whether a deal is reached and what it entails, but it is likely to be affected by the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. Regulatory issues and delays in supply have the potential to negatively affect the ability of UK residents to receive an adequate and timely supply of necessary medicines. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this protocol is to provide an overview and critical analysis of current perspectives on the effect of Brexit on the UK pharmaceutical supply chain. METHODS The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines will be used to structure this protocol. A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Healthcare Management Information Consortium (HMIC), Cochrane, Web of Science, Business Source Complete, EconLit, and Economist Intelligence Unit will be conducted, as well as a Google and Nexis.UK search for grey literature such as reports, opinion pieces, and press releases. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts of identified references and select studies according to the eligibility criteria. Any discrepancies will then be discussed and resolved. One reviewer will extract data from the included studies into a standardized form, which will be validated by a second reviewer. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool for any randomized controlled trials; quality will be assessed using the relevant Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists; and grey literature will be assessed using the Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance (AACODS) checklist. Outcomes include the agreement between sources on the potential, likelihood, and severity of the consequences of Brexit on the UK pharmaceutical supply chain. RESULTS Results will be included in the scoping review, which will be published in 2020. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review will summarize the currently expected consequences of Brexit on the UK pharmaceutical supply chain. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/17684

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The impact of COVID-19 upon the delivery of exercise services within cystic fibrosis clinics in the United Kingdom

10.1101/2021.04.12.21255205 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Owen W Tomlinson ◽

Zoe L Saynor ◽

Daniel Stevens ◽

Don Urquhart ◽

Craig A Williams

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Exercise Training ◽

National Survey ◽

Exercise Testing ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

Future Practice

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedent change to clinical practice. As the impact upon delivery of exercise services for people with cystic fibrosis (CF) in the UK was unknown, this was characterised via a national survey. In total, 31 CF centres participated. Principal findings included a significant reduction in exercise testing, and widespread adaptation to deliver exercise training using telehealth methods. Promisingly, 71% stated that they would continue to use virtual methods of engaging patients in future practice. This does, however, highlight a need to develop sustainable and more standardised telehealth services further to manage patients moving forwards.

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The Reception Process in Ireland and the United Kingdom

A Europe of Rights ◽

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199535262.003.0002 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Samantha Besson

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Legal Order ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Before And After ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

This chapter examines the reception of the ECHR in the UK and Ireland both before and after incorporation. Both countries incorporated the ECHR using roughly the same model. One might have assumed that the mode of incorporation into a dualist legal order would largely determine outcomes. In Ireland and the UK, however, the impact of acts of incorporation was heavily mediated by pre-existing constitutional structure and practice.

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Brexit will have mixed impact on the Caribbean

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db212374 ◽

2016 ◽

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Export Market ◽

Regional Economies ◽

Content Type ◽

Decision To Leave ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

The Caribbean ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

Subject The impact of Brexit on the English-speaking Caribbean. Significance The Caribbean is a region with strong links to the United Kingdom that will be affected significantly by the UK voters' decision to leave the EU ('Brexit'). The region includes sovereign and non-sovereign countries and both groups will be affected, albeit in different ways. Impacts Caribbean concerns will not be a priority for either the United Kingdom or the EU. Uncertainty may further undermine already weak regional economies. CARICOM will need a new trade accord with the United Kingdom, its main export market.

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The public's opinion regarding the impact of equine passports on the industry

BSAP Occasional Publication ◽

10.1017/s0263967x00042841 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 255-258

Author(s):

S. N. Turnbull ◽

D. M. Abraham

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Food Safety ◽

Human Consumption ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Disease Rates ◽

Crucial Information ◽

Uk Government ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

The equine passport legislation is a comparatively new scheme that requires all horses to have a passport by 28th February 2005 (Defra, 2004). The equine passport is thought to have had a major impact on the industry in the United Kingdom, however the extent of this is, as yet, unknown due to the lack of current research. The UK Government hopes that the passport scheme will monitor horses that have been treated with medication and guarantee that they are not slaughtered for human consumption (Frank, 2003, Defra, 2004). Whilst the scheme originated from European food safety legislation (Ellis, 2003), the UK Government believes that there are other benefits attached to the equine passport, such as gaining comprehensive records about the equine population in the UK, which is crucial information required for epidemiological reasons (Mellor et al., 1999). The information will provide a denominator for the assessment of disease rates, and which areas of the country may be under threat.

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A Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Taxation on the SME Economy: The Case of UK and US – New York State in the Year 2000

Environment and Planning C Government and Policy ◽

10.1068/c0338 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 493-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Panikkos Poutziouris ◽

Francis Chittenden ◽

Tim Watts ◽

Khaled Soufani

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Small Business ◽

Small Businesses ◽

New York State ◽

York State ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Tax Regimes ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to report on a comparative study of the impact on the SME economy (fewer than 250 employees) of the UK and US (New York State) tax regimes. This explorative study is part of the ongoing small business taxation research programme undertaken in association with NatWest Bank. The research involves (a) the computation of the tax position of a sample of UK-based small businesses (a self-employed person, a partnership, and a small limited company); (b) the application of the tax regime of New York State to the UK business cases studies; (c) the development of two computer simulation models that estimate the direct tax burden incurred by small businesses in the United Kingdom; and (d) the application of the tax regime of New York State to the UK models. This research forms the basis of a comparative discussion about the business tax regime in the United Kingdom and USA and throws some light on the on-going debate about the development of the tax regimes applicable to small businesses in OECD countries. The paper concludes with a summary of the key findings and policy implications and offers a brief discussion on progress towards tax harmonisation from the small business perspective.

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