scholarly journals Multiple Brain Abscesses Secondary to Odontogenic Infection: A Clinical Case Report

Author(s):  
Paulo Lucas Capelini Frisso ◽  
Richam Faissal El Hossain Ellakkis ◽  
Elton Gomes Silva ◽  
Edgar Manuel Garcete Farina ◽  
Raymond Assad El Sarraf

Abstract Introduction Cerebral abscess is a suppurative infection of the cerebral parenchyma, which may occur due to contiguity, hematogenous dissemination of distant foci, secondary to open traumatic brain injuries, or be idiopathic. Clinical Case A 63-year-old male patient sought assistance due to a severe headache in the frontal region associated with chills and lack of appetite that started four days before. Clinical examination of the patient showed no significant changes. Imaging and laboratory tests on admission showed only nonspecific changes, such as leukocytes 18,540, platelets 517,000, and c-reactive protein 2,0. In such case, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the skull was performed with contrast, showing the presence of expansive lesions compatible with multiple brain abscesses in the right parieto-occipital region. Discussion After excluding the main focus of hematogenous dissemination and in view of the identification of the agent Streptococcus intermedius by means of secretion culture collected through a surgical method, the hypothesis of abscess due to contiguous dental pyogenic foci was pointed out. Conclusion Dental evaluation showed multiple foci of infection with periodontitis and dental abscess, which were treated along with the use of antibiotics directed to the etiologic agent.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasemin Cekmez ◽  
Ahmet Göçmen ◽  
Oğuz Arslan ◽  
Fatih Şanlıkan ◽  
Simge Bağcı Türkmen

Introduction. Although the incidence of pregnancy-associated sacroiliitis is low, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Timely diagnosis of the disease is confusing due to its nonspecific clinical features.Case. A 28-year-old woman at 34 weeks of gestation with severe pain in her right buttock radiating down the backside of the right thigh was admitted to our hospital. White blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) were elevated. The pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed right sacroiliitis.Conclusion. Infectious sacroiliitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis even in low-risk women who present with debilitating pelvic pain in pregnancy and medical treatment should not be delayed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Ermilton Barreira Parente Júnior ◽  
Marlon Daniel Gomes Coelho ◽  
Thais Mahassem Cavalcante de Macedo Parente ◽  
Olivia Maria Veloso Coutinho ◽  
Oscar Nunes Alves

Introdução: Abscessos cerebrais múltiplos são focos de infecções piogênicas do parênquima cerebral que requerem uma atenção imediata e eficaz para reducão de morbimortalidade. A identificação do agente etiológico e do foco infeccioso normalmente é de grande valia na programação terapêutica. Esse trabalho busca relatar um raro caso de abscessos cerebrais múltiplos em paciente imunocompetente e sem fatores de risco evidentes, e o papel fundamental da antibioticoterapia empírica na resolução do caso. Relato do caso: Paciente, 75 anos, sem evidência de imunossupressão e doenças prévias iniciou quadro de alterações das atividades básicas da vida diária, confusão de tempo e espaço, hipersonia, lentificação da marcha, disartria e dor em pontada na região temporal direita que não cessava ao uso de analgésicos. Em Ressôncia magnética evidenciou-se múltiplos abscessos em região temporal gerando efeito de massa e hipertensão intracraniana. Realizado craniotomias com drenagens de secreções purulentas e culturas do material que não identificaram o agente etiológico. Discussão: A abordagem terapêutica dos abscessos cerebrais ainda não se encontra definida. Em virtude disso, cada caso tem sido conduzido de forma individualizada de acordo com a localização das lesões, seu estágio evolutivo e as condições clínicas do paciente. No caso em questão não indentificou-se a origem dos abscessos e a resolução do quadro foi obtida através das drenagens cirúrgicas em associação a antibioticoterapia empírica. Com os avanços da neuroimagem e da farmacologia, a redução da mortalidade por abscessos cerebrais reduziu para menos de 10%. Porém, a não identificação de um agente etiológico e diversas abordagens neurocirúrgicas podem acarretar em mais comorbidades para o paciente. Apresentamos um raro caso de abcessos cerebrais em paciente imunocompetente sem identificação de organismo agressor e o papel da antibioticoterapia empírica na resolução do caso.   Palavras-chave: abscesso encefálico; imunocompetência; diagnóstico;  terapêutica; antimicrobianos. ABSTRACT Introduction: Multiple brain abscesses are centers of pyogenic cerebral parenchymal infections that require immediate and effective attention to reduce morbidity and mortality. The identification of the etiologic agent and the infectious focus are usually of great value in terms of therapeutic planning. This paper seeks to report a rare case of multiple brain abscesses in an immunocompetent patient with no evident risk factors and the fundamental role that empirical antibiotic therapy plays in the resolution of the case. Case report: A 75-year-old patient with no evidence of immunosuppression and previous illnesses began to experience changes in her basic daily live activities, confusion in time and space, hypersomnia, gait slowing, dysarthria and stabbing pain in the right temporal region of the brain that would not cease even with use of analgesics. Magnetic Resonance revealed multiple abscesses in the temporal region generating mass effect and intracranial hypertension. It was performed craniotomies with drainage of purulent secretions and it was prepared cultures out of the material which resulted in no identification of the etiological agent. Discussion: The therapeutic approach of brain abscesses has not yet been defined. As a result, each case has been conducted in an individualized manner according to the location of the lesions, their evolutionary stage and the patient's clinical conditions. In the case of this report, the abscess’ origin was not identified and the resolution of the condition was obtained through surgical drainage in association with empirical antibiotic therapy. With advances in neuroimaging and pharmacology, reduction in mortality from brain abscesses reduced to less than 10%. However, failure to identify an etiologic agent and several neurosurgical approaches may lead to more comorbidities for the patient. We present a rare case of cerebral abscesses in an immunocompetent patient without identification of an aggressor organism and the importance of empirical antibiotic therapy in the resolution of the case. Keywords: brain abscess; immunocompetence; diagnosis; therapeutics; anti-infective agents.


2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Paulo S. Nóbrega ◽  
Sergio Rosemberg ◽  
Ana Maria Adami ◽  
Elizabeth Maria Heins-Vaccari ◽  
Carlos da Silva Lacaz ◽  
...  

Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis ("chromoblastomycosis") is a rare intracranial lesion. We report the first human culture-proven case of brain abscesses due to Fonsecaea pedrosoi in Brazil. The patient, a 28 year-old immunocompetent white male, had ocular manifestations and a hypertensive intracranial syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed a main tumoral mass involving the right temporo-occipital area and another smaller apparently healed lesion at the left occipital lobe. A cerebral biopsy was performed and the pathological report was cerebral chromoblastomycosis. The main lesion was enucleated surgically and culture of the necrotic and suppurative mass grew a fungus identified as Fonsecaea pedrosoi. The patient had received a knife wound sixteen years prior to his hospitalization and, more recently, manifested a pulmonary granulomatous lesion in the right lung with a single non-pigmented form of a fungus present. It was speculated that the fungus might have gained entrance to the host through the skin lesion, although a primary respiratory lesion was not excluded. The patient was discharged from the hospital still with ocular manifestations and on antimycotic therapy and was followed for eight months without disease recurrence. Few months after he had complications of the previous neuro-surgery and died. A complete autopsy was performed and no residual fungal disease was found.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay L Barilyak ◽  
Grigory Ponomarev ◽  
Ilya Grigor'evich Shatsman ◽  
Natalya Zhukovskaya ◽  
Alexandr Skoromets

Artery of Percheron is an anatomical version of the cerebral vessels, in which one artery, departing from the proximal part of one of the posterior cerebral arteries, supplies the paramedial thalamus and the rostral part of the midbrain. The Artery of Percheron brain infarction is often manifested by impaired consciousness, oculomotor disorders and neuropsychological symptoms. The diagnosis of the Artery of Percheron brain infarction is carried out using computed and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment methods are used in therapeutic window. Further secondary prevention is recommended. The prognosis is favorable with the timely treatment. A clinical case of a 43-year-old woman with acute oculomotor disorders is presented. A neurological examination revealed paresis of the vertical gaze, diplopia. MRI showed a bilateral acute infarction of both paramedial thalamuses. An angiographic study revealed saccular aneurysm of the A1 segment of the right anterior cerebral artery. After treatment, the patient was discharged with minimal neurological deficit.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
A. B. Yakushevsky ◽  
A. N. Plekhanov ◽  
A. B. Ayusheev

Background. In recent years, various methods of combined anesthesia during abdominal surgery have been introduced into clinical practice.Aim. To demonstrate the possibilities of a combination of high prolonged spinal anesthesia and endotracheal anesthesia during abdominal surgery.Materials and methods. A clinical case of combined use of high prolonged spinal anesthesia and endotracheal anesthesia in a 48-year-old patient with a tumor in the right half of the ascending part of the right half of the colon is presented.Results. The patient received a puncture of the spinal space at a standard point and was installed a spinal catheter in the cranial direction for 3 cm. An isobaric solution of marcaine in the initial dose of 20 mg was injected into the catheter. The regulation of the development of the block was regulated by the inclination of the head end of the table by 60°. After that endotracheal anesthesia was performed on the basis of fentanyl and propofol. This combination allowed to expand the scope of surgical intervention, provided adequate pain relief intraoperatively and in the postoperative period, without the use of narcotic analgesics. With the appearance of signs of recovery of pain sensitivity, intraoperatively or in the postoperative period, re-introduction of the anesthetic into the spinal catheter was performed in half of the initial dose with liquor barbotage. In the early postoperative period, the patient was on strict bed rest with a head end of the bed raised at 30–45°. The method provides complete segmental blockade and muscle relaxation in the area of operation, stability of central hemodynamics during surgery and in the postoperative period.Conclusion. This type of anesthesia is more easily tolerated by patients, accompanied by early awakening and extubation, characterized by stability of central hemodynamics, reduced risk of complications, the possibility of prolonging anesthesia with lower doses of narcotic analgesics in the intraoperative period, providing high-quality anesthesia in the postoperative period without resorting to the use of narcotic analgesics.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Petrov Nikolay ◽  
◽  
Marinova R. ◽  
Odiseeva Ev.

Abstract: Intracranial aneurysm is one of the most common neurovascular complications. During the recent years the accepted treatment of enraptured cranial aneurysm is noninvasive endovascular coiling. This technique is modern but it is not without complications which can be serious and life-threatening. A clinical case of a patient admitted to the ICU of Military Medical Academy - Sofia with sub arachnoid hemorrhage is described. After a positive clinical course, the check-up magnetic resonance showed intracranial aneurism of the right carotid artery. The patient underwent angiographic endovascular treatment. Vasospasm of the middle and right brain artery and thrombosis were detected during the procedure. Attempt of thromboaspiration was made without success. This article reviews published data on broad-spectrum researches concerning complications of endovascular coiling of intracranial aneurysms and the ways to prevent and reduce them.


2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382199128
Author(s):  
Hafize Emine Sönmez ◽  
Ferhat Demir ◽  
Semanur Özdel ◽  
Şerife Gül Karadağ ◽  
Esra Bağlan ◽  
...  

Objective: Takayasu arteritis is a rare granulomatous chronic vasculitis that affects the aorta and its main branches. Neurologic manifestations can accompany the disease; however, there is no study on neuroimaging in children with Takayasu arteritis. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients. Materials and Methods: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained retrospectively. Results: The study included 15 pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients. All patients presented with constitutional symptoms. Additionally, 6 patients suffered from headache, 2 had syncope, 1 had loss of consciousness, and 1 had convulsion. All patients underwent cranial and diffusion MRI a median 12 months after diagnosis. Cranial MRI findings were normal in 12 patients, whereas 3 patients had abnormal findings, as follows: stenosis in the M1 and M2 segments of the left middle cerebral artery (n = 1); diffuse thinning of the right internal carotid, middle cerebral, and right vertebral and basilar artery (n = 1); as a sequela, areas of focal gliosis in both the lateral ventricular and posterior periventricular regions (n = 1). Among these 3 patients, 1 had no neurologic complaints. Conclusion: Abnormal MRI findings can be observed in pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients, even those that are asymptomatic; therefore, clinicians should carefully evaluate neurologic involvement in all pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients.


Author(s):  
Kotaro Matsumoto ◽  
Kentaro Kikuchi ◽  
Ayako Hara ◽  
Hiromichi Tsunashima ◽  
Koichi Tsuneyama ◽  
...  

AbstractA 25-year-old woman with fever and epigastric pain was referred to our hospital. Blood examination showed significant liver dysfunction, markedly high C-reactive protein (CRP 19.1 mg/dL) and procalcitonin (48.3 ng/mL) levels. Dynamic computed tomography showed a tumor approximately 120 mm in size in the right lobe of the liver, but with no abscess formation. The patient was hospitalized and started on antibiotics; her CRP level improved, but the procalcitonin level did not decrease. Histopathological examination of the liver tumor biopsy revealed fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC). Positive staining of the FLC with an anti-procalcitonin antibody suggested the production of procalcitonin.


Author(s):  
Mohammad Jamali ◽  
Iman Ahrari ◽  
Keyvan Eghbal ◽  
Arash Saffarrian ◽  
Abbas Rakhsha ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction Low-velocity penetrating brain injury is not prevalent. In some conditions such as childhood, and with the penetration of a pellet in weak spots of skull, low-velocity penetrating brain injury is expected; however, high-velocity projectiles have also been reported as the cause of severe brain injuries. One of the complications of penetrating brain injury is infection, in which different types of microorganisms play a role. The Streptococcus genus is the leading cause of abscess formation in non-traumatic patients. Multiple brain abscesses are not common. Case Presentation A 10-year-old boy with penetrating brain injury caused by an air gun pellet, who developed signs and symptoms of high intracranial pressure 18 days after the trauma. After the imaging scans and the detection of multiple brain abscesses and severe brain edema, prompt surgical intervention was performed for all three lesions in a single operation. The culture of a pus specimen was positive for Streptococcus species, and, with adequate antibiotic therapy, the patient was discharged from the hospital in good condition. Conclusion Brain injury with air gun shot is not prevalent. The penetration of a low-velocity air gun pellet in weak points of the skull (such as the orbit, the squamous portion of the temporal bone, and the cranial suture), specially in children, can cause significant brain injuries.


2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006052110037
Author(s):  
Liu Liang ◽  
Wang Jiajia ◽  
Li Shoubin ◽  
Qi Yufeng ◽  
Wang Gang ◽  
...  

We report the disease characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of granulomatous orchitis. A 38-year-old man presented with a history of intermittent swelling, pain, and discomfort in the right testicle of 3 days’ duration. Unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the testis and scrotum revealed an oval mass in the right testis measuring approximately 17 mm in diameter, with clear borders and a target ring-like appearance from periphery to center. T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) showed uniform low-intensity signals, and T2WI showed mixed high- and low-intensity signals. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) signals were iso-intense, and the outer ring on enhanced scans showed progressive enhancement. We performed radical resection of the right testis under combined spinal–epidural anesthesia. The pathological diagnosis was granulomatous right orchitis. Two months postoperatively, ultrasonography showed no testis and epididymal echo signals in the right scrotum, and no obvious abnormalities; color Doppler blood flow imaging (CDFI) findings were normal. Granulomatous orchitis is rare in clinical practice, and the cause is unknown. The disease involves non-specific inflammation; however, it is currently believed that antibiotics and steroids are ineffective for conservative treatment, and orchiectomy should be actively performed.


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