3 Methods and Materials Applied in Electrosynthesis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Enders ◽  
R. Francke
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Organic Chemist ◽  
Methodological Aspects

This chapter is intended as a tutorial for the organic chemist and to serve as an introductory guide to the technical and methodological aspects of electrosynthesis. The most important reaction parameters, methods, and materials are covered both from a practical point of view and in their physicochemical context.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF UNDERSTANDING OF THE SYSTEM OBJECT IN DESIGN

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
V. Barysheva ◽  
O. Druzhinina
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research Institute ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Design Culture ◽  
Design Program ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Cultural Experts ◽  
Union Scientific Research Institute ◽  
Separate Product

The article is devoted to the analysis of the system object from the point of view of design from design, sociocultural and philosophical positions. The authors systematize the definitions of a system object of design proposed in the 1960–1980s by theorists and practitioners, art historians, cultural experts and philosophers from different countries, including Russia, which allows a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of design culture. This article is devoted to the characteristic properties of the system object in design. They were considered and analyzed on the example of the «Absheron» design-program when designing of agricultural village). This concept was developed at the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics (VNIITE) in 1983. Using the same example, the features of the approach to designing a system object in design was observed not only as a separate product, but as a sociocultural situation that constantly changes at each design stage.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Levulinic Ester as Biodiesel Additives

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Elena-Emilia Oprescu ◽  
Cristina-Emanuela Enascuta ◽  
Elena Radu ◽  
Vasile Lavric
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Strength Distribution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ethyl Levulinate ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Biodiesel Blend ◽  
Acid Strength Distribution

In this study, the SO42-/TiO2-La2O3-Fe2O3 catalyst was prepared and tested in the conversion of fructose to ethyl levulinate . The catalyst was characterized from the point of view of the textural analysis, FT-IR analysis, acid strength distribution, X-ray powder diffraction and pyridine adsorption IR spectra. The influence of the reaction parameters on the ethyl levulinate yield was study. The maximum yield of 37.95% in levulinate esters was obtained at 180 �C, 2 g catalyst and 4 h reaction time. The effect of ethyl levulinate addition to diesel-biodiesel blend in different rates, i.e, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 (w.t %) on density, kinematic viscosity and flash point was evaluated and compared with the European specification.

Tertiary Nitrification Pilot Plants on Parisian Waste Water

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Paffoni ◽  
B. Védry ◽  
M. Gousailles
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Daily Output ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors

The Paris Metropolitan area, which contains over eight million inhabitants, has a daily output of about 3 M cu.meters of wastewater, the purification of which is achieved by SIAAP (Paris Metropolitan Area Sewage Service) in both Achères and Valenton plants. The carbon pollution is eliminated from over 2 M cu.m/day at Achères. In order to improve the quality of output water, its tertiary nitrification in fixed-bed reactors has been contemplated. The BIOFOR (Degremont) and BIOCARBONE (OTV) processes could be tested in semi-industrial pilot reactors at the CRITER research center of SIAAP. At a reference temperature of 13°C, the removed load is approximately 0.5 kg N NH4/m3.day. From a practical point of view, it may be asserted that in such operating conditions as should be at the Achères plant, one cubic meter of filter can handle the tertiary nitification of one cubic meter of purified water per hour at an effluent temperature of 13°C.

scholarly journals On the Design of Outdoor Leader-Follower UAV-Formation Controllers from a Practical Point of View

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Lucas Vago Santana ◽  
Alexandre Santos Brandao ◽  
Mario Sarcinelli-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point

Quantitative Analysis of Microstructure and Modeling of Sintering

2009 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Marc Chaix
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Input Data ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Sintering Mechanisms

Microstructure is the key scale to understand and describe sintering mechanisms and their consequences at the macroscopic level. As modeling techniques are continuously developing, the need for input data and comparison with more and more accurate descriptions of the evolution is expected to create a growing demand for quantitative microstructure data. Image analysis is the classic way to get these data. This paper reviews the practical use and progresses of this old technique in the sintering literature during the past and recent years. The place of basic tools and more recent ones, such as 3D imaging, are discussed from a practical point of view accounting from sintering models needs: mean size and size distributions in pores and grains, homogeneity, sintering trajectories…

Technology and the management imagination

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Social Consensus ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Crisis Managers

This paper explores the evolution of the techno-management imagination (TMI). This is the process by which, in times of crisis, managers think not just out of the box, but out of the very reality in which the box resides. Tacit social consensus, also known as corporate culture, can lead to a shared, implicit, and incorrect view that certain actions are impossible. TMI transcends local culture, accessing technological solutions that are unknown and/or unimagined. Members of the organization tend to call such solutions “magic”. The paper looks at social, perceptual, and managerial aspects of magic from a practical point of view that is grounded in research. It examines the risks of TMI, and concludes with suggested perspectives and research questions for management scientists and cognitive scientists.

Towards a New Model of Conversion Careers: the Impact of Personality and Contingency Factors

Exchange ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Gooren
Keyword(s):  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Roman Catholicism ◽  
Guatemala City ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe central question of this article — why people may change their religious affiliation or become disaffiliated — is relevant from both an academic and a practical point of view. The article makes first an inventory of existing literature on religious conversion. Next I sketch the contours of the new conversion careers approach I am currently working on. I make some comparisons with a region that is not usually mentioned in the literature on conversion: Latin America. These comparisons are based on my earlier fieldwork on Roman Catholicism, Pentecostalism, and Mormonism in Costa Rica and Guatemala (H. Gooren, Rich among the Poor: Church, Firm, and Household among Small-scale Entrepreneurs in Guatemala City, Amsterdam: Thela Thesis 1999).

DURATION OF ACARICIDAL ACTION OF THE DRUG «KENEM» AND ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PROTECTION OF CATTLE FROM IXODIC MITES

Habarshy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
A.B. Myrzhiyeva ◽  
M.Zh Suleimenov ◽  
Uslu Ugur ◽  
A.S. Ibazhanova ◽  
L.O Zhanteliyeva L.O
Keyword(s):  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Acaricidal Efficacy ◽  
Economic Justification ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Similar Drug ◽  
The Cost

The scientific article presents the duration of acaricidal effect of «Kenem» drug, and its economic feasibility for protecting cattle against ixodic ticks. As a result of the study, the acaricidal efficacy and the duration of the residual acaricidal effect of drugs are important components in the planning of anti-tick measures. From a practical point of view, the economic feasibility of treating cattle against ixodic ticks in the presented conditions of acaricides in the southern regions is considered important. Despite the fact that the cost of the drug per 100 head exceeds the cost of a similar drug by 1 788.15 tenge, the frequency of its use is less, and additional installations are not required. This is due to the long duration of residual acaricidal effect of Kenem, which is 30 days, which allows to reduce the number of therapeutic measures.When calculating the economic feasibility for the use of acaricides to protect cattle against ixodic ticks, the most convenient way to prevent the sucking of ixodic ticks to animals is the local application of Kenem, which does not require special equipment and special skills of technical staff. Drug duration is 30 days, therefore the cost of its use for the entire season of active ticks per 1 animal is 44% cheaper, compared to veteran, i.e. 1,421.4 tenge.

On the readability of leaders in boundary labeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-132
Author(s):  
Lukas Barth ◽  
Andreas Gemsa ◽  
Benjamin Niedermann ◽  
Martin Nöllenburg
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
User Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Subjective Preference ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Preference Ratings ◽  
Boundary Labeling

External labeling deals with annotating features in images with labels that are placed outside of the image and are connected by curves (so-called leaders) to the corresponding features. While external labeling has been extensively investigated from a perspective of automatization, the research on its readability has been neglected. In this article, we present the first formal user study on the readability of leader types in boundary labeling, a special variant of external labeling that considers rectangular image contours. We consider the four most studied leader types (straight, L-shaped, diagonal, and S-shaped) with respect to their performance, that is, whether and how fast a viewer can assign a feature to its label and vice versa. We give a detailed analysis of the results regarding the readability of the four models and discuss their aesthetic qualities based on the users’ preference judgments and interviews. As a consequence of our experiment, we can generally recommend L-shaped leaders as the best compromise between measured task performance and subjective preference ratings, while straight and diagonal leaders received mixed ratings in the two measures. S-shaped leaders are generally not recommended from a practical point of view.

scholarly journals The theory of photographic processes, part II: On the chemical dynamics of development, including the microscopy of the image

1905 ◽  
Vol 76 (509) ◽  
pp. 217-234 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Dynamics ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Previous Communication ◽  
The One

The investigation of development described in a previous communication was extended by the application of microscopic methods. The fact that both the silver haloid and the resulting silver are distributed through the film in the form of particles of minute but measurable size, allows us in this way to detect finer qualitative differences in, and to draw independent deductions on the processes of exposure and development. The size of the grain is important, both from the practical point of view and from the theoretical: in the one case as bearing on spectroscopical and astronomical photography, in the other on account of the great importance of the degree of surface-extension for heterogeneous systems. The method has been used previously by Abney, Abegg, Kaiserling, Ebert, and others, but by far the most systematic and important inquiry is that of K. Schaum and V. Bellach.

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