The World Mining Industry: Investment Strategy and Public Policy

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-184
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Hennart
Author(s):  
V.B. Kondratiev

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the commodity markets and mining industry around the world in different ways. Mining company’s operations have been hit by coronavirus outbreaks and government-mandated production stops. Demand for many commodities remains low. This paper examines the potential long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on future commodity demand, mining prospects, as well as tactical and strategic steps by mining companies to overcome the current crisis quickly and effectively.


GEOgraphia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Luiz Renato Vallejo

RESUMO A criação de unidades de conservação é considerada como principal ação de governo cujo objetivo é a preservação e conservação da biodiversidade. A delimitação de “áreas especiais” é uma prática observada desde as sociedades mais tradicionais, sendo que em muitas delas prevalecia um sentido mítico-religioso e, ao mesmo tempo, de conservação de recursos naturais. Em outras sociedades, essa ação esteve associada com a prática de esportes de caça por parte da realeza e da aristocracia rural. Os parques públicos começaram a surgir no século XIX nos Estados Unidos, numa perspectiva de preservação das belezas cênicas e proteção dos bens naturais contra a ação deletéria da sociedade. O tema em questão é discutido à luz da categoria geográfica de território e dos processos de territorialização, utilizando-se para esse fim suas múltiplas abordagens conceituais— biológica, ecológica e social. Discute-se no trabalho os problemas da desterritorialização, em ambos os sentidos (biológico e social), além da formação das redes empenhadas no processo de criação e gestão das unidades de conservação. Houve um esforço de trazer para essa discussão uma contribuição sobre o valor agregado à conservação da biodiversidade com base em princípios de uma nova disciplina - a Biologia da Conservação. O trabalho aborda ainda aspectos conceituais sobre as políticas públicas, em geral, e sobre a influência que elas têm, especificamente, sobre a problemática das unidades de conservação no Brasil.ABSTRACT The principal goal to create natural parks and biological reserves in the world is to promote the conservation of biodiversity. During long time, traditional people established “especial areas” to guarantee natural resources for the future. Others, as kings and rural aristocracy used this areas for practice sports like hunting. The first public parks were created in United States during the XIX century, to preserve the environmental features of the Yellowstone against the human explotation. In this work, I wil discuss conservation of natural areas using the territory and the territorialization concepts and their several meanings: biological/ecological and social. The biodiversity value under principles of a new discipline — Biological Conservation — is showed as contribution. Public policy is discussed at the end of work exploring some reasons of the controversy between government speech and the conservation practice in natural parks and biological reserves.


GEOgraphia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Renato Vallejo

RESUMO A criação de unidades de conservação é considerada como principal ação de governo cujo objetivo é a preservação e conservação da biodiversidade. A delimitação de “áreas especiais” é uma prática observada desde as sociedades mais tradicionais, sendo que em muitas delas prevalecia um sentido mítico-religioso e, ao mesmo tempo, de conservação de recursos naturais. Em outras sociedades, essa ação esteve associada com a prática de esportes de caça por parte da realeza e da aristocracia rural. Os parques públicos começaram a surgir no século XIX nos Estados Unidos, numa perspectiva de preservação das belezas cênicas e proteção dos bens naturais contra a ação deletéria da sociedade. O tema em questão é discutido à luz da categoria geográfica de território e dos processos de territorialização, utilizando-se para esse fim suas múltiplas abordagens conceituais— biológica, ecológica e social. Discute-se no trabalho os problemas da desterritorialização, em ambos os sentidos (biológico e social), além da formação das redes empenhadas no processo de criação e gestão das unidades de conservação. Houve um esforço de trazer para essa discussão uma contribuição sobre o valor agregado à conservação da biodiversidade com base em princípios de uma nova disciplina - a Biologia da Conservação. O trabalho aborda ainda aspectos conceituais sobre as políticas públicas, em geral, e sobre a influência que elas têm, especificamente, sobre a problemática das unidades de conservação no Brasil.ABSTRACT The principal goal to create natural parks and biological reserves in the world is to promote the conservation of biodiversity. During long time, traditional people established “especial areas” to guarantee natural resources for the future. Others, as kings and rural aristocracy used this areas for practice sports like hunting. The first public parks were created in United States during the XIX century, to preserve the environmental features of the Yellowstone against the human explotation. In this work, I wil discuss conservation of natural areas using the territory and the territorialization concepts and their several meanings: biological/ecological and social. The biodiversity value under principles of a new discipline — Biological Conservation — is showed as contribution. Public policy is discussed at the end of work exploring some reasons of the controversy between government speech and the conservation practice in natural parks and biological reserves.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99
Author(s):  
Svitlana Khadzhyradieva ◽  
Tetiana Hrechko ◽  
Anatolii Savkov

The OECD has identified 196 teams within governments across the world, designed with the purpose of using behavioral insights to improve national administrations. Citizens of various societies support nudges and nudging. However, the determinants of the nudge approval level have not been studied so far. It is not known why some types of nudges are approved by citizens of different countries to a greater extent, and others are actively disapproved. The aim of this study is to reveal the approval level of using Behavioral insights in Public Policy. We have formulated the nudge approval determinants, have analyzed the influence of nudge approval determinants on nudge approval level in 15 countries. We report the results of nationally representative survey of nudge approval level in Ukraine. We have found governance, cultural and experience determinants of nudge approval. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.18.1.23130


Author(s):  
Yuldashev Ravshanjon Baxodirovich

Abstract: Reforming the national education system is a priority of public policy and guarantees development. In this regard, any state will give priority to policy in this regard. The complexity of the matter is that this policy does not always yield the expected results. But countries around the world are striving to implement effective higher education reforms. There is a similar trend in our region. In this article, we will focus on the higher education system in Kazakhstan. Zero Kazakhstani higher education is the most developed system in the Keywords: Kazakhstan, higher education, system, legal framework, achievements, challenges, higher education, program, reforms, region, public policy, global education, knowledge capitalization, bachelor, master, distance education.region.


Author(s):  
E. S. Biryukov

The paper considers two main original approaches to investing the assets of institutional investors (the total amount of their assets in the world is about 100 trillion dollars) – the one of Norway's sovereign wealth fund Global and approach of Yale's endowment fund. Fund Global with assets of $ 716 billion dollars is the largest institutional investor in the world, its strategy is based on the assumption that markets are efficient and their long-term growth lies in the balance of investment in stocks , bonds, and , since more recent time - in real estate. Financiers of Yale in the 1990s revolutionized the approach to investment, firstly, by reducing the proportion of stocks and bonds in favor of private equity and real estate, and secondly , by shift from investments in the domestic market to foreign markets. Not all institutional investors are ready to follow these strategies because of the risk of negative returns in times of crises, but in the medium- and long-term, these approaches allow to beat inflation. For example, Yale's endowment has grown since 1985 to 2012 from 1.6 to 19 billion dollars, and high yield allows to transmit 1 billion dollars (!) to the budget of the university annually. Endowment funds are one of the key sources of revenues of leading American universities. Analysis of the investment policy of endowment funds and sovereign wealth funds shows that fundamental changes in the concept of investing began to occur since the late 1980s - early 1990s . Institutional investors of both these types ceased to focus on conservative instruments - bonds and deposits , and use other options: Global - stocks , Yale – private equity , hedge funds, real estate investments , etc. With the expand of the spectrum of instruments in which the funds are invested the income volatility increases either, and therefore the institutional investors should be both transparent and explain to the public the motives of investment strategy changes.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Antonio Santos Carvalho dos Santos Junior ◽  
Janaina Guimarães da Silva

RESUMOOs debates em educação necessitam cada vez mais de concepções pedagógicas que emanem do movimento de libertação das oprimidas e dos oprimidos, assim como apregoava o professor Paulo Freire. Isso significa que é preciso realizar o ato educacional na aproximação dos sentidos elaborados pelos sujeitos participantes das dinâmicas pedagógicas, respeitando e potencializando suas identidades no movimento de busca do ser mais no/com o mundo. É preciso sentir o cheiro daqueles/as que conosco participam da construção das aprendizagens, que devem ser instrumentos políticos que re/elaborem nossa presença no mundo. É nesse sentido que este artigo reflete teoricamente acerca da necessidade da construção de currículos que respeitem as identidades gays elaboradas fora e dentro da escola; construídas pelos corpos que, com seus gestos, inscrevem sua presença no mundo e com isso também suscitam políticas públicas para esses sujeitos.Palavras-chave: Currículo. Políticas Públicas. Gays.ABSTRACTDebates on education increasingly require pedagogical conceptions emanating from the liberation movement of the oppressed and oppressed, as Paulo Freire proclaimed. This means that it is necessary to carry out the educational act in the approximation of the senses elaborated by the subjects participating in the pedagogical dynamics, respecting and potentializing their identities in the search movement of being more in / with the world. It is necessary to feel the smell of those who participate with us in the construction of learning, which must be political instruments that re-elaborate our presence in the world. It is in this sense that this article is made as a theoretical reflection about the need to construct curricula that respect the gay identities elaborated outside and within the school; constructed by the bodies that with their gestures, inscribe their presence in the world and, with this, also raise of public policies for these subjects.Keywords: Curriculum. Public policy. Gay.


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