An Analysis of Competitive Oscillations between Japanese Twin Cities

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kohsaka
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Twin Cities ◽  
Competitive Condition ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Retail Development ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Strong Competition

In this paper keenly-competing Japanese twin cities are examined and the competitive oscillations occurring between them is analyzed as a typical example of medium-term competitive processes. From an analysis of market shares for annual retail sales of women's and children's clothes it was found that there are certain oscillations between the twin cities. As these oscillations are derived from the strong competition between closely-located twin cities, they are called competitive oscillations. In order to analyze the generation of the competitive oscillations, an attempt to reproduce a strongly competitive condition by constructing a dynamic model of two-centre competition was made. As the twin cities share a large part of their populations, they are under strong competitive conditions in which major retail development at one city produces an absolute loss to the other city. Therefore, the twin cities seesaw through the introduction of innovations such as large shops in order to gain a more advantageous competitive position, resulting in competitive oscillations between them. This finding implies that the introduction of innovation to centres is a competitive device in the medium-term and is consistent with the view that the diffusion of innovation is closely related to the competitive process.

Study on the Dynamics on the Brake of Vehicle after the Effects of Deicing Salt

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 862-869
Author(s):  
Tao Peng ◽  
Zhi Peng Li ◽  
Chang Shu Zhan ◽  
Xiang Luo ◽  
Qian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Snow Melting ◽  
Adhesion Coefficient ◽  
Deicing Salt ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Road Condition ◽  
Braking Distance ◽  
The Relationship

Through analyzing the process of brake, a dynamic model of automobile and a model of the relationship between braking distance and adhesion coefficient were formed; also a simulation calculating model of braking distance was established with the use of Matlab. Finally, a research was done toward the braking distance of a type of a car running on a road after using snow-melting agent. On one hand, with the application of the simulation model which has been established, calculations have been done to the braking distance of Bora vehicles running on roads after using deicing salt; on the other hand, by experiments, Bora vehicles’ braking distance and maximum braking deceleration under the same road condition were measured, meanwhile, the established simulation model was verified.

Clinical symptoms, underlying pathogenesis, and the prospect of tailored therapies have all benefited from genetic discoveries in Parkinson's disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Patient Classification ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Disease Biology ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Underlying Pathogenesis

Clinical symptoms, underlying pathogenesis, and the prospect of tailored therapies have all benefited from genetic discoveries in Parkinson's disease.Even as our understanding of disease biology improves, there are still knowledge gaps that must be filled in the future. Reliable biomarkers that uniquely recapitulate pathophysiological aspects are necessary for patient classification and medication response tracking. Genetic testing is essential in 'idiopathic' or 'sporadic' PD patients to identify those who would benefit from genotype-driven treatment. Genotype-dependent segmentation of research participants will broaden the possible usefulness of targeted treatments. Biomarker-assisted clinical trials will benefit tremendously from new adaptable designs. Recent breakthroughs in genotype-driven therapy, on the other hand, should deliver considerable benefits for Parkinson's patients in the medium term and lead to the development of the first disease-modifying drugs.

scholarly journals Mandatory cost and other cost coming from the adoption of quality certifications in the hospitality business

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-169
Author(s):  
M. Victoria Sánchez Rebull ◽  
Ana Beatriz Hernández ◽  
Lucia Banchieri ◽  
Fernando Campa Planas ◽  
Matias Ginieis
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Orientation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Certification ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Hospitality Business ◽  
Relevant Cost

The adaptation to the regulation of hospitality business implies a relevant cost in the profit and loss account. Additionally, some companies in this business decide to add some voluntary quality and environmental certification systems, which also yields to increased costs. The purpose of this paper is to quantify these costs and to analyse if the hotel size influences them. A total of 67 different costs were considered in hotels of all sizes, in the region of Catalonia as one of the most relevant touristic markets in Europe. Data were collected from the regulation applied to the hospitality sector, from specialised consultant companies and from a questionnaire supplied to 472 hotels in August and September 2008. The main results of this study show that the unitary cost by room, considering both, compulsory and voluntary costs, is lower in big hotels. On the other side, the smaller hotels are suffering high unitary costs. These results could be useful for the strategic orientation of hotels due to the relevance of costs to determine the competitive position of a firm. The main contribution of this work is to analyse the effects of compulsory costs and voluntary cost derived from the implementation of quality and environmental certifications in the hospitality sector, which could strongly affect the performance of this industry.

scholarly journals Systematization and analysis of approaches to assessing the competitiveness of business entities

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 05077
Author(s):  
Vadim Krivorotov ◽  
Aleksandr Tarasenko ◽  
Evgeniy Tikhanov ◽  
Petr Chepur ◽  
Alesya Gruchenkova
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The One

Assessment of competitiveness is an objective need of every business entity seeking to maintain or improve their own competitive position and make informed management decisions. The authors propose to classify the diversity of methods of assessment of the competitiveness of the enterprise through three main approaches: graphic, factor and value. In order to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each of the approaches described by the authors, the content of the main methods used in the study was analyzed. It is concluded that there is no universal tool for assessing the competitiveness of the enterprise, which is due to, on the one hand, the limited reliability and low estimates obtained by using matrix and product methods, and on the other hand, the complexity and cost of the estimates using existing multivariate models.

Can the Asia Pacific market accomodate Australia's LNG projects?

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
John Harris
Keyword(s):  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Supply Contracts ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Over Time

The portfolio of proposed Australian LNG projects continues to grow. What is the demand outlook for Asia Pacific LNG—and can it absorb the potential volume from these projects? Who are the key importers and what are the demand uncertainties within the Asia Pacific region? Can Australian LNG penetrate markets further afield? What has driven the growth in Australian LNG projects and how many more might emerge? Where are the projects that will compete with Australian LNG? Is Australian LNG competitive relative to other supplies? Are project costs likely to increase further? How is the LNG supply-demand balance likely to develop in the Asia Pacific during the next decade? Is there a looming surplus of LNG and, if so, what would this mean for Australia? Does the outlook presage a buyers’ market or a sellers’ market? Will contract expiries from established LNG exporters increase supply availability in the Asia Pacific? What could this mean for oil indexation and long term LNG contracts? Could alternative pricing mechanisms evolve and will we see an increase in short and medium term supply contracts? This paper examines the outlook for the Asia Pacific LNG market—and the growing role Australian LNG is playing in meeting demand growth. It also reviews Australia’s competitive position and considers the way in which the structure of Asia Pacific LNG contracts may evolve over time.

scholarly journals Temporal inactivation enhances robustness in an evolving system

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181471
Author(s):  
Fumiko Ogushi ◽  
János Kertész ◽  
Kimmo Kaski ◽  
Takashi Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Dormant State ◽  
Random Interactions ◽  
Active Elements ◽  
Evolving System ◽  
Numerical And Analytical Methods

We study the robustness of an evolving system that is driven by successive inclusions of new elements or constituents with m random interactions to older ones. Each constitutive element in the model stays either active or is temporarily inactivated depending upon the influence of the other active elements. If the time spent by an element in the inactivated state reaches T W , it gets extinct. The phase diagram of this dynamic model as a function of m and T W is investigated by numerical and analytical methods and as a result both growing (robust) as well as non-growing (volatile) phases are identified. It is also found that larger time limit T W enhances the system’s robustness against the inclusion of new elements, mainly due to the system’s increased ability to reject ‘falling-together’ type attacks. Our results suggest that the ability of an element to survive in an unfavourable situation for a while, either as a minority or in a dormant state, could improve the robustness of the entire system.

A Dynamic Model of Advertising and Market Shares

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lim ◽  
Chin ◽  
Ong ◽  
Nai Pew
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Market Shares

La Genetica del Diabete

1971 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
L. Gedda ◽  
D. Casa ◽  
G. Brenci
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Genetics Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biological Informatics

SummaryThe introduction of informatics in the study of hereditary diseases, i.e., the birth of informatic medical genetics, marks a turning point in the history of medicine.The biological informatics is the product of molecular genetics on one hand, and cybernetics on the other. The former has brought the study of the hereditary phenomena to the level of nucleic acids; while the latter, originally devised to the service of automation, reflects a number of fundamental biological phenomena, also at the molecular level.The informatics of hereditary diseases is referred to a damage of the operative units acting to secure the development and homeostasis of the organism. The mechanistic conception of the damage is complemented by the energetic and chronologic concept.On such foundations a modern conception of the genetics of diabetes is thus formulated. The clinical inadequacy of the static genealogical model is stressed, and the introduction of a dynamic model is suggested, taking into account the gradual chronological extinction of the normoglycemic genotype.

scholarly journals Modelling liveweight performance in parasitised lambs under varying grazing rotation lengths

2006 ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
K. Louie ◽  
C.J. Boom ◽  
A. Vlassoff ◽  
V.T. Burggraaf
Keyword(s):  
Adult Worm ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Worm Burden ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rotation Length ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Lower Variation

A dynamic model for nematode parasites in lambs which links their adult worm burden with decrease in liveweight gain has recently been developed. This model allows for individual lamb variability in response to parasite infection. We use this model to track the liveweight performance of a mob of weaned lambs under six different grazing rotation length scenarios. In all scenarios, lambs with a low worm burden were weaned onto parasite-free pasture. Post-weaning, lambs were either grazed in a 12-week, 8-week, 6-week, 4-week or 2-week grazing rotation, or set stocked. Scenarios were run for 24 weeks with no anthelmintic intervention. The 12-week and 8-week grazing rotation scenarios provided lower worm burdens, higher liveweight gains and lower variation between individual lambs than the other scenarios due to the delay in grazing self-contaminated pastures. For systems that use little or no anthelmintics, being able to provide 8 weeks or more of parasite-free pasture to weaned lambs is likely to provide substantial benefits in the form of higher liveweight gains with less variation between individuals. Keywords: grazing, lambs, liveweight, modelling, parasites

scholarly journals Az innovációterjedés lehetőségei egy technológiai piacon (Opportunity of the innovation on a technologic market)

2007 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
András Bauer ◽  
Dóra Horváth ◽  
Ariel Zoltán Mitev
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
New Technology ◽  
User Acceptance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Research Techniques

Az innovációterjedés vizsgálatának számos módszere ismert a szakirodalomban, a leggyakoribb a szociológiai alapú közelítés, melynek marketingvonatkozásait alapvetően Rogers (1962) dolgozta fel. Rogers elmélete kettős – egyrészt elméleti szegmentációt nyújt az innováció elfogadásához, másrészt bemutatja a sikeres innovációelfogadás tényezőit. Az elmélet további alkalmazása során egy viszonylag egységes, de – mint ahogy a szerzők 2005-ben végzett kutatásából kiderült – nem feltétlen valós kép alakult ki az egyes fogyasztói csoportokról. A legtöbb innovációs kutatás kvantitatív jellegű, amily eleve feltételezi, hogy pontosan ismerjük a probléma szerkezetét. Radikálisan új megoldások esetében azonban nem feltétlenül rendelkezünk ilyen ismeretekkel, s szükséges lehet egy feltáró kutatás elvégzése. A szerzők vizsgálatukban alapvetően kvalitatív kutatási technikákat alkalmaztak: a résztvevők megfigyelését, a strukturálatlan interjút, mélyinterjút egyaránt használták, és a felhasználók, illetve az érdekelt vállalatok széles körét vonták be a kutatásba. _____________ In their paper the authors study the user acceptance of a new innovation, wifi applications in a technologically less developed market with qualitative research techniques. They used Rogers’ framework of aspects of the diffusion of innovation, to explore whether those factors are traceable and have influence in the spreading of hotspot. Their objective was to explore the factors of diffusion of innovation in a less developed market, what the major possible success factors of introducing wifi solutions for operating hotspots. They found that current users show two separate groups: one group is the technology freak, trend follower innovators. The other group is also technologically well-educated more conservative – security sensitive professional users, innovators in the sense of using the new technology at the earliest stage, but hold negative attitudes towards the new application in question. This raises the question whether companies are to approach these innovators with differentiated strategy.

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