A Model of Homeless Migration: Homeless Men in Skid Row, Los Angeles

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1317-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rahimian ◽  
J R Wolch ◽  
P Koegel
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
Skid Row ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Mentally Disabled ◽  
Homeless Men ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Using Data

Homeless people are popularly portrayed as highly mobile, but their migration behavior has never been systematically analyzed. In this paper a conceptual model of homeless migration is developed that links migration behavior with the coping status of homeless individuals. The model is evaluated by using data drawn from a recent random probability sample of men surveyed in Skid Row, Los Angeles, CA. Results indicate that homeless migrants tended to be young, never married, white, mentally disabled, and either newly or cyclically homeless individuals. Long-term residents, in contrast, were apt to be older, physically disabled or suffering from a health-related problem, and had been homeless for some time. The dominant reason given for moving was to find a job or improve life opportunities in some other way. Findings also indicate that the majorty of homeless men in the sample were ‘stayers’ rather than ‘movers’. This obviates a common political strategy by localities of attempting to avoid obligations to provide support to homeless individuals on the basis of their transiency.

Resisting Dispossession: Performative Spatial Irruptions and the LA Poverty Department

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Chantal Welch
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
City Council ◽  
Political Subjectivity ◽  
Skid Row ◽  
Community Organizer ◽  
Formerly Homeless ◽  
The City ◽  
Neighborhood Council ◽  
The Way

I was so unimpressed with the city council. … They had a line of homeless people who were allowed to vote because Kevin [Michael Key] was running for councilman and everything. So, they wanted IDs … [The person tabling] asked me, “Well I need some id. Do you have any ID?” And the way he said it, he knew I wouldn't have any id. It was like I wasn't even there. I was invisible. He was just going through the motions of making the sound. But he didn't know he was dealing with R-C-B. So when I dropped my passport, and I do mean dropped my passport on the table, that's when I got respect.—RCB, Los Angeles Poverty Department (LAPD)What does it mean to perform presence or selfhood? What conditions necessitate these performances? In the opening epigraph, RCB articulates an instance when transparency was mapped onto his body—a moment in which he was simultaneously invisible as an individual and hypervisible as the projections of stereotypes surrounding homelessness and blackness collided on his body, rendering his history, present, and future as instantly knowable. During the election cycles of 2010, 2012, and 2014, KevinMichael Key, a prominent, formerly homeless Skid Row activist, community organizer, and member of the Los Angeles Poverty Department (LAPD), ran for a position on the Downtown Los Angeles Neighborhood Council (DLANC). As part of his campaigns, Key sought to help homeless residents of Skid Row exercise their right to vote. One instantiation of this objective involved tabling in the neighborhood. In a show of support, RCB lined up to vote and subsequently encountered the tabler. “And the way he said it, he knew I wouldn't have any ID. It was like I wasn't even there. I was invisible.” As understood by RCB, the tabler did not expect homeless individuals to possess government-issued identification. Instead of acknowledging RCB's individuality and subjectivity, the tabler assumed that RCB's status as homeless meant not having state ID, an official marker of occupancy in a state-recognized residence. In this interaction, RCB's political subjectivity was under erasure, invisible. For RCB, in this confrontation, homelessness marked him as a knowable (non)subject—a generic homeless man.

scholarly journals Social networks, time homeless, and social support: A study of men on Skid Row

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAROLD D. GREEN ◽  
JOAN S. TUCKER ◽  
DANIELA GOLINELLI ◽  
SUZANNE L. WENZEL
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Skid Row ◽  
Chronic Homelessness ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Homeless Men ◽  
The Government

AbstractHomeless men are frequently unsheltered and isolated, disconnected from supportive organizations and individuals. However, little research has investigated these men's social networks. We investigate the structure and composition of homeless men's social networks, vis-a-vis short- and long-term homelessness with a sample of men drawn randomly from meal lines on Skid Row in Los Angeles. Men continuously homeless for the past six months display networks composed of riskier members when compared to men intermittently homeless during that time. Men who report chronic, long-term homelessness display greater social network fragmentation when compared to non-chronically homeless men. While intermittent homelessness affects network composition in ways that may be addressable with existing interventions, chronic homelessness fragments networks, which may be more difficult to address with those interventions. These findings have implications for access to social support from network members which, in turn, impacts the resources homeless men require from other sources such as the government or non-governmental organizations.

The Disciplinary Differences in the Characteristics and Effects of Non-Tenure-Track Faculty

2021 ◽  
pp. 016237372110304
Author(s):  
Di Xu ◽  
Florence Xiaotao Ran
Keyword(s):  
Tenure Track ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
State College ◽  
College System ◽  
Tenure Track Faculty ◽  
Engineering Mathematics ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Student Sorting ◽  
Using Data

Using data with detailed instructor employment information from a state college system, this study examines disciplinary variations in the characteristics and effects of non-tenure-track faculty hired through temporary and long-term employment. We identify substantial differences in demographic and employment characteristics between the two types of non-tenure-line faculty, where the differences are most pronounced in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and health-related fields (STEM) at 4-year colleges. Using an instrumental variables strategy to address student sorting, our analyses indicate that taking introductory courses with temporary adjuncts reduces subsequent interest, and the effects are particularly large in STEM fields at 4-year colleges. Long-term non-tenure faculty are generally comparable with tenure-track faculty in student subsequent interest, but tenure-track faculty are associated with better subsequent performance in a handful of fields.

Artificial Intelligence, Social Media and Depression. ‘Patient’ Autonomy Revisited

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Author(s):  
Regina Mueller ◽  
◽  
Sebastian Laacke ◽  
Georg Schomerus ◽  
Sabine Salloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Using Data

"Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly being developed and various applications are already used in medical practice. This development promises improvements in prediction, diagnostics and treatment decisions. As one example, in the field of psychiatry, AI systems can already successfully detect markers of mental disorders such as depression. By using data from social media (e.g. Instagram or Twitter), users who are at risk of mental disorders can be identified. This potential of AI-based depression detectors (AIDD) opens chances, such as quick and inexpensive diagnoses, but also leads to ethical challenges especially regarding users’ autonomy. The focus of the presentation is on autonomy-related ethical implications of AI systems using social media data to identify users with a high risk of suffering from depression. First, technical examples and potential usage scenarios of AIDD are introduced. Second, it is demonstrated that the traditional concept of patient autonomy according to Beauchamp and Childress does not fully account for the ethical implications associated with AIDD. Third, an extended concept of “Health-Related Digital Autonomy” (HRDA) is presented. Conceptual aspects and normative criteria of HRDA are discussed. As a result, HRDA covers the elusive area between social media users and patients. "

Bidirectional Association Between Depression and Hearing Loss: Evidence From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482110423
Author(s):  
Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Bidirectional Association ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Bidirectional Associations ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

The relationship between depression and age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is not fully understood. This study tested the bidirectional associations between clinically significant depressive symptoms (CSDSs) and ARHL in middle-aged and older adults using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Among 3,418 participants free of baseline ARHL, baseline CSDS was associated with an increased odds of incident ARHL (odds ratio [OR]: 1.51). Cognitive decline, BMI, and arthritis partially mediated the longitudinal CSDS–ARHL association and explained 24% of the variance in the total effect. Among 4,921 participants without baseline CSDS, baseline ARHL was associated with an increased odds of incident CSDS (OR: 1.37). The bidirectional associations remained significant after adjustments for baseline demographic factors, comorbidities, and other health-related covariates. Depression may contribute to the development of ARHL, and vice versa. Interventions in depression, cognitive decline, and arthritis may delay the onset of ARHL and break the vicious circle between them.

Mending Broken Hearts

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen L. Idler ◽  
David A. Boulifard ◽  
Richard J. Contrada
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Never Married ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Marriage has long been linked to lower risk for adult mortality in population and clinical studies. In a regional sample of patients ( n = 569) undergoing cardiac surgery, we compared 5-year hazards of mortality for married persons with those of widowed, separated or divorced, and never married persons using data from medical records and psychosocial interviews. After adjusting for demographics and pre- and postsurgical health, unmarried persons had 1.90 times the hazard of mortality of married persons; the disaggregated widowed, never married, and divorced or separated groups had similar hazards, as did men and women. The adjusted hazard for immediate postsurgical mortality was 3.33; the adjusted hazard for long-term mortality was 1.71, and this was mediated by married persons’ lower smoking rates. The findings underscore the role of spouses (both male and female) in caregiving during health crises and the social control of health behaviors.

Dilemmas Associated with Rehousing Homeless People Who Have Companion Animals

1995 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall S. Singer ◽  
Lynette A. Hart ◽  
R. Lee Zasloff
Keyword(s):  
Companion Animals ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Initial Visit ◽  
Normative Sample ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Homeless Men ◽  
Beck Hopelessness Scale

66 individuals were given a questionnaire during their initial visit to a veterinary clinic for homeless pet owners. Among the 35 men and 31 women, 32 had been homeless for 6 mo. or less and were termed the acutely homeless subgroup, and 34 had been homeless multiple times or for more than 6 mo. and were termed the chronically homeless subgroup. In responding to the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale, both men and women participants had significantly higher mean scores on attachment to their pets than did the scale's standardization population. Participants did not differ from the normative sample of adults on the Beck Hopelessness Scale. Both men and women participants stated a preference for being rehoused. 93% of men and 96% of women said that housing would not be acceptable if pets were not allowed. 61% of the men and 33% of the women stated they would be willing to live anywhere pets were allowed except in a shelter Reluctance to live in a shelter was significantly greater among chronically homeless men than other subgroups, and they also had low desire to be rehoused. A majority of the participants had been refused housing because they had pets. Attempts to rehouse homeless individuals who have pets are likely to be unsuccessful unless accommodation for pets is included.

scholarly journals Loneliness effects on personality

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Mund ◽  
Franz J. Neyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Using Data

Individuals feel lonely when they perceive a discrepancy between their desired and their actually experienced quantity and quality of social relationships. Prior research has demonstrated the importance of loneliness for various health-related aspects. In the present article, we extend the existing literature on loneliness by investigating its role for predicting personality traits and their development from late adolescence to early midlife. Using data from a representative German sample ( N = 12,402) sampling individuals from three different birth cohorts, we found loneliness to predict the levels of all Big Five traits except openness five years later. The effects of loneliness on the development of neuroticism and extraversion reached statistical significance but were only marginal in terms of effect size. Furthermore, we found that a self-regulatory focus geared to the prevention of negative events mediated the effects of loneliness on later levels of the Big Five.

scholarly journals Benefits of Sustained Physical Activity From Middle-Age To Early Old Age On Quality Of Life In Early Old Age

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikyung Lee ◽  
Hyeonkyeong Lee ◽  
Ki Jun Song ◽  
Young-Me Lee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Early Old Age

Abstract This secondary data analysis study aimed to examine the changes in physical activities (PAs) over time (2009-2017) in the same participants and to determine an association between changes in PA and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in early older adults (n=994) using data from the Korea Health Panel Survey. The HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol quality-of-life system and the amount of PA were grouped to 4 activity levels (remained inactive, became inactive, became active, and remained active). The association of changes in PA over 8 years with HRQoL was examined using logistic regression analysis while controlling for socioeconomic and behavioral factors. The total PA decreased from 1,859.72±1,760.01 MET-minutes in 2009 to 1,264.80 ±1,251.14 MET-minutes in 2017 (P < 0.001). In 2017, 142 (14.3%) remained inactive, whereas 419 (42.2%) remained active. The participants who remained inactive at early old age were more likely to be at the lowest 10% HRQoL of the sample (odds ratio = 1.95, 95% confidence interval = 1.09–3.48). This indicates that educating middle-aged adults who are relatively inactive must be a priority in order to maintain and improve PA, enhance HRQoL, and maximize the benefits of PA in old age.

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