Future of the Fringe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Buxton ◽  
Andrew Butt

Peri-urban landscapes are some of the world’s most vulnerable areas. Although they are often thought of simply as land awaiting development, these landscapes retain important natural resources and make valuable contributions to agriculture, water use, biodiversity conservation, landscape preservation and human well-being. Billions of people use them and enjoy their natural values. Their continuing loss threatens to alter our relationships with nature and have a negative impact on the environment. The Future of the Fringe first explores the history of peri-urban areas, international peri-urban policy and practice, and related concepts. It analyses internationally relevant issues such as green belts and urban growth boundaries, regional policy, land supply and price, and the concepts of liveability, attractiveness, well-being and rural amenity. It then examines a range of Australian peri-urban issues, as an extended case study. The book argues for a precautionary approach so that we retain the greatest number of options to adapt during rapid and unprecedented change.

Author(s):  
Shytierra Gaston

African Americans are disproportionately victimized by various forms of racialized violence. This long-standing reality is rooted in America’s history of racist violence, one manifestation being racial lynchings. This article investigates the long-term, intergenerational consequences of racial lynchings by centering the voices and experiences of victims’ families. The data comprise in-depth interviews with twenty-two descendants of twenty-two victims lynched between 1883 and 1972 in the U.S. South. I employed a multistage qualitative analysis, revealing three main domains of harmful impacts: psychological, familial, and economic. The findings underscore that racist violence has imposed harm beyond victims and for many decades and generations after the violent event. These long-term, intergenerational harms, especially if multiplied across countless incidents, can fundamentally impact the well-being of individuals, families, and communities as well as contribute to structural and macrolevel forces. Findings from this study have implications for research, policy, and practice, including efforts toward redress and reparations.


2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Lúcia Grando Bulcão ◽  
Helton de Assis Albano

A disposição inadequada dos resíduos sólidos, atualmente, constitui um problema para a sociedade, tendo em vista os impactos ambientais que provoca, alterando a qualidade do solo, do ar e dos corpos aquáticos, e representando um risco para a saúde pública. Este artigo aborda aspectos do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos na região Metropolitana II do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, discutindo ações desenvolvidas nesta área, da coleta à destinação final. Mais especificamente, analisa aspectos relacionados às classes de resíduos, resíduos sólidos gerados e triados, à situação atual da destinação final e ao gerenciamento de resíduos hospitalares, traçando-se, ao final, um panorama da situação do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos local. Durante os meses de janeiro a junho de 2008, foram realizadas visitas aos locais de destinação final dos resíduos sólidos - os aterros controlados e lixão, bem como entrevistas com técnicos responsáveis pelas ações de gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos das Secretarias Municipais do Meio Ambiente, de Obras e de vigilância ambiental em saúde das Secretarias de Saúde, dos municípios da Região Metropolitana II, a saber: Niterói, São Gonçalo, Itaboraí, Maricá, Tanguá, Rio Bonito e Silva Jardim. A região Metropolitana II do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, embora composta por municípios com realidades bastante diferenciadas em termos de desenvolvimento social e econômico, possui grande parcela da população vivendo em condições precárias e sem acesso aos serviços públicos de saneamento, saúde e educação, vulnerável aos impactos ambientais. Verifica-se que a disposição final com o tratamento adequado dos resíduos sólidos constitui importante problema, não só para os governos e políticas públicas locais, mas também para as populações que convivem com os lixões. Destaca-se o importante papel dos catadores informais pelas cidades, muitos se organizando em pequenas cooperativas e grande parte operando em áreas urbanas onde o lixo é armazenado, aguardando coleta pública, ou, ainda, em alguns dos aterros controlados e no lixão da região. Há urgência de implantação de aterros sanitários ou aterro consorciado, desativando-se as áreas atuais de lixões e/ou aterros controlados, com ações de remediação de áreas degradadas, e, enfim, que se adotem soluções que dêem conta dessa importante parcela do saneamento básico, minimizando o impacto negativo dos solos e águas subterrâneas contaminados, visando-se a sustentabilidade da saúde e do ambiente, e o bem-estar das pessoas. Palavras-chave: Resíduos sólidos, Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos Abstract The inadequate disposal of the solid residues, nowadays, is a social problem, concerning to suffered environmental impact, changing the quality of the soil, the air and of the water, being a risk to the public health. This article is about aspects of solid residues management at Metropolitana II region of the Rio de Janeiro state, discussing the development of actions on this area, from the collect to the final destination. More specifically, we analyze aspects related to the classes of residues, solid residues that were generated and discriminated, the actual situation of the final destination and to the management of the hospitals residues, constructing, at the end, a view of the local management of the solid residues. From January to June of 2008, visits were made at the locals of the final destination of the solid residues – the controlled landfills and the disposal waste areas, as well interviews with responsible technicians about actions of solid residues management of the environmental municipal secretaries, of Metropolitana II region: Niterói, São Gonçalo, Itaboraí, Maricá, Tanguá, Rio Bonito e Silva Jardim. The Metropolitana II region of the Rio de Janeiro state, although composed of very different realities between the municipals, concerning to economic and social development, has great portion of the population living in precarious conditions and without access to sanitary public services, health and education, vulnerable to the environmental impacts. We verify that the final disposal with adequate treatment of the solid residues constitute import problem, not only to the government and local public policies, but also to the population that live within waste. We mark the important function of the informal garbage pickers in the cities, many of them organized in small co-operative societies and a great part acting in urban areas where the trash is stored, waiting public collecting, or at some controlled landfill and disposal waste area. It's urgent the implementation of the sanitary landfills or partnership landfills, discarding the actual areas of waste disposal and/or controlled landfill, with remediation actions on the deteriorate areas, and, finally, solutions must be adopted to solve this important portion of the basic sanitation, minimizing the negative impact of the soil and contaminated subterranean water, aiming the health and the environmental support, and the well being of people. Keywords: Solid waste, Solid waste management


2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avanish Bhai Patel

Purpose The incidents of elder victimisation and cases of victimisation, in general, are increasing fast in the society. These incidents have had negative impact on the sense of well-being and way of life of the older people. Therefore, fear of crime is being considered as a most concerning psycho-social problem amongst the older people in contemporary time. The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of crime rate on the well-being of the older people and examine the linkage between psychological factors and fear of crime amongst the older people. Design/methodology/approach The present study is based on the mixed method approach and an exploratory research designed applied to conduct the study. The field survey has been done from October 2012 to January 2013 on a sample of 220 older people of rural and urban areas of Lucknow in the state of Uttar Pradesh through purposive sampling. For the study, researcher has interviewed 137 male older people and 83 female older people through interview schedules and case studies. The data have been analysed through descriptive and narrative analysis. Findings The study finds that those older people have direct or indirect experience of victimisation, they have anxiety and feel insecurity that someone can victimise them. The study also finds that the happiness of older people is more affected due to anxiety and phobia and have higher level of feeling of fear of crime in their neighbourhood and home. The study also finds whenever anti-social elements are active in the neighbourhood and they commit crimes, fear of crime and anxiety grasp the older people to a large extent causing a fracture in their psychological well-being. Originality/value This work is the original work of researcher. This paper is related to the researcher’s PhD dissertation work. This paper talks about how the psychological well-being of older people affects due to nature of crime in neighbourhood, phobia of crime and anxiety due to criminal activities.


2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Ann Yotebieng

Health and well-being have been historically uncommon areas of focus in studies of forced migration within the social sciences, where the focus has more often been focused broadly on identity, liminality, and social suffering. Urban refugees have also been largely excluded from the narrative. Yet, urban refugees represent the majority of the world’s refugees, which means we are effectively excluding the majority of the refugee experience from our research. Health is often a central marker of inequality and marginalization. Understanding the entanglement of forced migration to urban areas and health bears enormous potential for policy and practice. This paper will outline what we know, and set an agenda for the study of urban refugee health.


1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Michael J. Rich

We are a nation of cities. The 1980 census reported that almost three out of every four Americans lived in urban areas, and estimates are that the 1990 census will show that the proportion of the population living in urban areas will increase further. Many of the nation's most pressing domestic problems deeply affect the well being of urban residents: welfare reform, homelessness, substance abuse, education, health care for the uninsured, quality of the work force, and the like, all have significant urban dimensions. And while we may never see “urban” regain the popularity it obtained during most of the 1960s, any policy response designed to address these pressing problems will have a major urban component; whether it is called urban policy is another matter. It was interesting to observe during the past presidential campaign how frightened the candidates were of using the word urban or city. While I have not yet seen a content analysis of the 1988 election campaign, the words urban and city were noticeably absent from the debates, speeches, and sound bites. We did, however, hear a lot about community in one of the debates.The purpose of this essay is to highlight some of the prominent issues cities and their residents are likely to face in the 1990s, with emphasis on ways in which these issues can be structured into an undergraduate urban policies and urban policy curriculum through reference to the recent book literature.


Author(s):  
Abdel Rahman Rakad Al- Shabeeb

The choice of location for a landfill site has a significant effect on the economy, ecology and overall environmental well-being, and is therefore a vital decision in the process of city planning. In Mafraq, the huge increases in population, as a result both of the arrival of significant numbers of Syrian refugees, as well as an increasing birth rate, has increased the pressure on the limited resources available, as well as emphasising the necessity of building a proper system of waste management, as well as a well-located landfill site. In relation to the latter, the aim is to position it so as to minimise any negative impact on either the environment or on public health. In terms of GIS, vector analysis tools and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) were applied to ascertain the best location for a landfill site. The aspects that were assessed in this research included slopes, roads, airport, wells, soil, faults, international borders, Wadis, and urban areas. The weighting given to each item was determined using the Boolean technique in terms of its importance to the location of a landfill site. The conclusions indicated that 18 sites in the area researched were potentially suitable for landfill sites, but that the Jordanian government had to undertake further work using the results of the GIS research to determine where the site should be located.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
S. Nagaraj

Loss of appetite (LOA) may have a negative impact on a patient’s well-being owing to loss of nutrition and associated conditions. The current study assessed the effects of an appetite-stimulating medication containing multivitamins, lysine, and zinc in Indian patients with a history of LOA. Using an investigator-initiated, single-center, open-label, single-arm design, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of the appetite-stimulating medication (15 mL) in 50 male or female patients (18–55 years old) attending the outpatient department, with a confirmed diagnosis of LOA after two weeks of therapy and assessed the change in Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ) score and safety of the medication after two weeks of treatment. CNAQ scores were presented as mean (standard deviation (SD)). The mean age of patients was 42.1 years, with the majority (66%) being males. At weeks 1 and 2, a statistically significant improvement was observed in the mean CNAQ scores of 25.48 (5.10) and 25.48 (4.29), respectively, vs. baseline (22.08 (2.76); P  ≤ 0.0001 both). Majority of the patients had CNAQ appetite scores of 17–28 at baseline (94%), week 1 (66%), and week 2 (78%) of treatment. For patients with acute and chronic illness, a statistically significant improvement was observed in the mean CNAQ score at week 1 (26.75 (3.69), P  = 0.0256; 25.24 (5.33), P  = 0.0004) and at week 2 (26.63 (3.46), P  = 0.0027; 25.26 (4.43), P  ≤ 0.0001) from baseline (21.88 (3.31) and 22.12 (2.69), respectively). No serious adverse events were reported during the study. The study findings suggest that appetite-stimulating medication containing multivitamins, lysine, and zinc could be a suitable treatment option for the management of LOA with no significant safety concerns.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0

The successive economic crises around the world have resulted in social uprisings and a negative impact on the psychological behavior of consumers. This research aims to study the antecedent’s price perception in times of crisis, and to test their impacts on the price sensitivity and consciousness value. This leads to a new valuation of the purchase experience for consumers. A quantitative study of 362 people. The main results of our study are the main history of price sensitivity in times of crisis: the concern for purchasing power, the reduction of financial well-being and financial fear. Moreover, that the perceived value of the shopping experience is no longer valued by the hedonistic aspect but rather by an economic value linked to value for money and a spiritual value linked to the social aspect of consumption


2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Gorgoń

AbstractAdaptation to climate change has become an important element of urban policy development in the member states of the European Union. These issues are dealt with in EU documents, as well as in national and local strategies and city adaptation plans. In Poland, the challenge of preparing for climate change has been presented in the Strategic Adaptation Plan for Sectors and Areas Sensitive to Climate Change in Poland within the Perspective of 2030 referring to sectors and areas sensitive to the impact of climate change. Adaptation to climate change is a key element in creating spatial policy for cities and urbanised areas at different levels. One of the most important issues of this policy is the quality of the renovated urban areas and its role in connecting-up and strengthening adaptation capacity. Among the strategic areas indicated in the above-mentioned document, there is also urban policy taking climate change into consideration. One of the selected problem areas relating to the development of urban policy is the renewal and strengthening of the development potential of towns and cities via the regeneration of degraded urban areas and post-industrial land in cities. Both local authorities, entities whose professional role is to deal with urban issues, and the inhabitants of urbanised areas face a twofold challenge. This consists of enhancing the quality of urban areas via regeneration and strengthening the city’s potential for adaptation. That is why it is extremely important to notice the interconnections and opportunities provided by urban renewal and regeneration programmes and projects in the context of adaptation to climate change. Synergy of activities in those two areas of urban policy may bring about very measurable benefits and may enable a cohesive solution to be adopted with regard to many crucial environmental, social, and economic problems.


2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Craglia ◽  
Lila Leontidou ◽  
Giampaolo Nuvolati ◽  
Jürgen Schweikart

Cities are central to the economic and social development of European society, not only because over 80% of European citizens live in urban areas, but also because cities are at the same time centres of production, innovation, employment, and culture, and loci of segregation, deprivation, and ethnic conflict. The emergence of a European-wide urban policy, has given new impetus to the need for comparable indicators of the quality of life to monitor development and policy implementation. This paper reviews the literature on quality of life indicators, and argues that traditional measures of the quality of life need to be supplemented with two new dimensions that reflect more recent postmodernist thinking about the composition of urban landscapes, and the contribution to the quality of life of the emerging information society. We argue that the challenges of building appropriate indicators reflecting these new dimensions are considerable, even in urban environments so rich in information systems and data sources, if they are to qualify as ‘digital cities’. There are difficulties in finding common workable definitions of the indicators themselves, as well as definitions of the relevant populations, including city residents, and users. By raising these issues and suggesting possible avenues for addressing these challenges we contribute to a much-needed debate on how to define such indicators, which is the prerequisite for their development and use.


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