scholarly journals Molecular basis of barley quality

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Fox ◽  
J. F. Panozzo ◽  
C. D. Li ◽  
R. C. M. Lance ◽  
P. A. Inkerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Definition Of

The quality of barley for the range of end uses from animal feed to brewing is determined by many genes, making the breeding of new barley varieties difficult. Understanding of the molecular basis of barley quality has been advanced by biochemical studies. More recently, molecular genetic tools are allowing the analysis of the biochemical factors contributing to grain quality. Many genetic loci influencing key quality attributes have been identified by gene mapping. Limited success has been reported in using this information to select for quantitative trait loci for these quality traits in plant breeding. Genomic techniques allowing more detailed analysis of variations in the barley genome in relation to quality promise to extend significantly the value of molecular genetic approaches to barley quality improvement. Definition of the genetic basis of malting quality requires the identification of the genes involved in germination and endosperm modification. Feed quality remains difficult to define. Recent advances are likely to accelerate the rate of discovery, providing new options for analysis of barley quality.

scholarly journals Molecular Basis of Rifampin and Isoniazid Resistance in Mycobacterium bovis Strains Isolated in Sardinia, Italy

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1645-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Sechi ◽  
S. Zanetti ◽  
M. Sanguinetti ◽  
P. Molicotti ◽  
L. Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Frequent Mutation ◽  
Isoniazid Resistance ◽  
Molecular Genetic Basis ◽  
Sequence Variations ◽  
Rifampin Resistance

ABSTRACT Fourteen of 22 (68%) Mycobacterium bovis strains isolated from cattle in Sardinia were found to be resistant to rifampin and isoniazid. Analysis of the rpoB and the katG, oxyR-ahpC, and inhA gene regions of these strains was performed in order to investigate the molecular basis of rifampin and isoniazid resistance, respectively. The most frequent mutation, encountered in 6 of 10 strains (60%), was in the rpoBgene; it occurred, at codon position 521 and resulted in leucine changed to proline. This suggests that codon 521 may be important for the development of rifampin resistance in M. bovis. Resistance to isoniazid is associated in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with a variety of mutations affecting one or more genes. Our results confirm the difficulty of interpreting the sequence variations observed in clinical strains of M. bovis. M. bovis strains isolated from the same geographic area showed similar mutations within the genes responsible for rifampin and isoniazid resistance. Our results represent the first study to elucidate the molecular genetic basis of drug resistance in M. bovis isolated from cattle.

scholarly journals ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ СТРУКТУРИ ВРОЖАЙНОСТІ ТА ЯКОСТІ ЗЕРНА НОВИХ СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ В ПІВНІЧНОМУ СТЕПУ

2014 ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Н. Л. Ноздріна
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Yielding Capacity ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Bare Fallow ◽  
Definition Of

Наведено результати дослідження з визначенняелементів структури урожайності (кількість продукти-вних стебел на 1 м2, кількість зерен у колосі, масазерна із колоса, маса 1000 зерен) та якості зернанових сортів пшениці озимої по чорному пару. Вста-новлено вплив погодних умов на урожайність таякість зерна. Виявлено, що більшу урожайність усіхсортів було отримано в сприятливому за зволожен-ням 2013 році, меншу – в посушливому 2012 році.Найбільш урожайними були сорти Заможність іАнтонівка. У різні за погодними умовами роки найлі-пші показники якості зерна формував сорт Сонечко,а нижчі – сорт Розкішна. The results of research concerning the definition of structure units of yielding  capacity (quantity of productive stems on 1 m2, quantity of grains in an ear, mass of grain in an ear, mass of 1000 grains) and quality of grain of new varieties of winter wheat, grown on bare fallow are cited. Influence of weather conditions on yielding capacity and quality of grain is established. It is revealed that the greatest yielding capacity of all varieties has been received in 2013 year with sufficient moistening, the least - in droughty 2012 year. The varieties Zamozhnist  and Antonivka were the most productive. In years different in weather conditions the best indexes of grain quality were formed by variety of Sonechko, and low – by variety Rozkishna.

scholarly journals Molecular genetic basis of flower colour variegation in Linaria

2007 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
LISETE GALEGO ◽  
JORGE ALMEIDA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Genetic Basis

SummaryTo identify transposons that may be of use for mutagenesis we investigated the genetic molecular basis of a case of flower colour variegation in Linaria, a close relative of the model species Antirrhinum majus. We show that this variegation is attributable to an unstable mutant allele of the gene encoding dihydroflavonol-4-reductase, one of the enzymes required for anthocyanin biosynthesis. This allele carries an insertion of a transposon belonging to the CACTA family (Tl1, Transposon Linaria 1) which blocks its expression thus conferring an ivory flower colour phenotype. Tl1 is occasionally excised in dividing epidermal cells to produce clonal patches of red tissue on the ivory background, and in cells giving rise to gametes to generate reversion alleles conferring a fully coloured phenotype. This finding may open the way for targeted transposon-mutagenesis in Linaria, and hence for using this genus in comparative genetic studies.

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Molecular Basis and Clinical Aspects of Hereditary Megakaryocyte and Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 114-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Scharf
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Platelet Membrane ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein

SummarySpecific membrane glycoproteins (GP) expressed by the megakaryocyte-platelet system, including GPIa-lla, GPIb-V-IX, GPIIb-llla, and GPIV are involved in mediat-ing platelet adhesion to the subendothelial matrix. Among these glycoproteins, GPIIb-llla plays a pivotal role since platelet aggregation is exclusively mediated by this receptor and its interaction with soluble macromolecular proteins. Inherited defects of the GPIIb-llla or GPIb-V-IX receptor complexes are associated with bleeding disorders, known as Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, or platelet-type von Willebrand's disease, respectively. Using immuno-chemical and molecular biology techniques, rapid advances in our understanding of the molecular genetic basis of these disorders have been made during the last few years. Moreover, analyses of patients with congenital platelet membrane glycoprotein abnormalities have provided valuable insights into molecular mechanisms that are required for structural and functional integrity, normal biosynthesis of the glycoprotein complexes and coordinated membrane expression of their constituents. The present article reviews the current state of knowledge of the major membrane glycoproteins in health and disease. The spectrum of clinical bleeding manifestations and established diagnostic criteria for each of these dis-orders are summarized. In particular, the variety of molecular defects that have been identified so far and their genetic basis will be discussed.

The Influence Of The Led Luminaires Electrical Parameters On Their Correlated Colour Temperature During Operation Mode

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Sergei S. Kapitonov ◽  
Alexei S. Vinokurov ◽  
Sergei V. Prytkov ◽  
Sergei Yu. Grigorovich ◽  
Anastasia V. Kapitonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operation Mode ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Colour Temperature ◽  
Radiation Spectra ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article describes the results of comprehensive study aiming at increase of quality of LED luminaires and definition of the nature of changes in their correlated colour temperature (CCT) in the course of operation. Dependences of CCT of LED luminaires with remote and close location of phosphor for 10 thousand hours of operation in different electric modes were obtained; the results of comparison between the initial and final radiation spectra of the luminaires are presented; using mathematical statistics methods, variation of luminaire CCT over the service period claimed by the manufacturer is forecast; the least favourable electric operation modes with the highest CCT variation observed are defined. The obtained results have confirmed availability of the problem of variation of CCT of LED luminaires during their operation. Possible way of its resolution is application of more qualitative and therefore expensive LEDs with close proximity of phosphor or LEDs with remote phosphor. The article may be interesting both for manufacturers and consumers of LED light sources and lighting devices using them.

Pengaruh Kecepatan Putar Terhadap Hasil Coran pada Metode Pengecoran Sentrifugal dalam Pembuatan Produk Pisau Pakan Ternak dengan Material Ni-Hard1

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Roni Kusnowo ◽  
Kus Hanaldi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Centrifugal Casting ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Gravity Casting ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Optimal Speed ◽  
Mold Making

Animal feed knife is a tool that serves to cut and chop animal feed consisting of grass as the main ingredient with additives such as bran, herbs, centrate, cassava, tofu pulp and others. Therefore, as a cutting tool must have the properties of friction resistance, impact resistance, and have good sharpness, so that the material chosen is Ni-Hard 1. The use of centrifugal casting method was chosen because it has the advantage of being able to make castings with relatively thin thickness this is due to the influence of the centrifugal force on the distribution of metal liquids throughout the cavity in the mold. Case study in this study is the use of centrifugal casting methods as an alternative to gravity casting methods to overcome defects of misruns. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of speed on the formation of castings products. The method that was carried out began with a literature study on centrifugal casting, and continued by determining the material, the temperature of the cast is in the range 1250ºC - 1300ºC, and the type of mold. The next step is to do work drawings, pattern making, mold making, casting processes, fettling processes, and analysis. With variations in speed of 200 rpm, 300 rpm and 400 rpm, it can be seen the optimal speed for making this product. The results of this study obtained optimal speed at a speed of 300 rpm to make good quality of animal feed knife products.

Productivity of corn hybrids of different fao groups depending on microfertilizers and growth stimulants under irrigation in the south of Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Yu. Lavrynenko ◽  
R. Vozhegova ◽  
O. Hozh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
The South ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the research is to identify effi cient microfertilizers and growth stimulants considering biologi- cal features of new corn hybrids of different FAO groups under irrigation conditions in the South of Ukraine and trace their impact on grain productivity of the plants. The methods of the research are the fi eld method – to study the interaction of the research object with experimental factors of the natural environment, to register the yield and evaluate the biometrical indices; the laboratory method – to measure soil moisture, grain moisture content and grain quality indices; the statistical method – to evaluate the reliability of the obtained results; the calculation methods – for economic and energetic assessment of the growing techniques used. The results of the research. The paper defi nes the impact of microfertilizers and growth stimulants on the yield and grain quality of the corn hybrids of different maturity groups and on the economic effi ciency of growing them. The conclusions of the research. Under irrigation conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine it is recommended that the following hybrids should be grown in dark-chestnut soils: early maturity DN Pyvykha, medium-early Skadovskyi, medium maturity Kakhovskyi and medium-late Arabat, using the growth stimulants – treating the seeds with Sezam-Nano and fertilizing with Grainactive at the stage of 7–8 leaves.

Relationship between grain milling energy and malting quality of barley

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vejražka ◽  
V. Psota ◽  
J. Ehrenbergerova ◽  
P. Hrstkova
Keyword(s):  
Malting Quality ◽  
Grain Milling
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