Morphological influences on the seed yield of field peas

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
GH Walton
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Basal Branch ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Western Australian

In a preliminary trial at Perth with spaced plants which were supported to prevent lodging and allow for irrigation, the seed weight on plants was correlated with the ability of pea plants to produce reproductive nodes on the main stem and branches. Tall cultivars such as Dundale, Dun and Wirrega produced more aerial branches than dwarf cultivars like Huka which gave more basal branches. By contrast, in the dry, short-season Mediterranean climate of the Western Australian wheatbelt at Merredin, the seed yield of peas was derived principally from yield components on the main stem. The plant characters; the number of reproductive nodes, plant height and seed number per pod, had a significant (P< 0.01) and positive correlation with seed yield. The early- and mid-flowering cultivars, Collegian and Dundale (67 and 72 days to flower respectively), had more reproductive nodes on the main stem, with more seeds produced on the first six reproductive nodes than later flowering (88-96 days) cultivars such as Dun and Wirrega. At Merredin, basal branch number was negatively correlated with seed yield and tall cultivars like Collegian, Dundale and Dun had significantly (P< 0.05) less basal branches. Plant breeders should select for increased seed number per pod in early flowering, medium to tall pea plants, to improve the total seed weight from the first three reproductive nodes produced on the main stem.

scholarly journals Higher flower and seed number leads to higher yield under water stress conditions imposed during reproduction in chickpea

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Pushpavalli ◽  
Mainassara Zaman-Allah ◽  
Neil C. Turner ◽  
Rekha Baddam ◽  
Mandali V. Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Pod Number

The reproductive phase of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is more sensitive to water deficits than the vegetative phase. The characteristics that confer drought tolerance to genotypes at the reproductive stage are not well understood; especially which characteristics are responsible for differences in seed yield under water stress. In two consecutive years, 10 genotypes with contrasting yields under terminal drought stress in the field were exposed to a gradual, but similar, water stress in the glasshouse. Flower number, flower + pod + seed abortion percentage, pod number, pod weight, seed number, seed yield, 100-seed weight (seed size), stem + leaf weight and harvest index (HI) were recorded in well watered plants (WW) and in water-stressed plants (WS) when the level of deficit was mild (phase I), and when the stress was severe (phase II). The WS treatment reduced seed yield, seed and pod number, but not flower + pod + seed abortion percentage or 100-seed weight. Although there were significant differences in total seed yield among the genotypes, the ranking of the seed yield in the glasshouse differed from the ranking in the field, indicating large genotype × environment interaction. Genetic variation for seed yield and seed yield components was observed in the WW treatment, which also showed differences across years, as well as in the WS treatment in both the years, so that the relative seed yield and relative yield components (ratio of values under WS to those under WW) were used as measures of drought tolerance. Relative total seed yield was positively associated with relative total flower number (R2 = 0.23 in year 2) and relative total seed number (R2 = 0.83, R2 = 0.79 in years 1 and 2 respectively). In phase I (mild stress), relative yield of seed produced in that phase was found to be associated with the flower number in both the years (R2 = 0.69, R2 = 0.76 respectively). Therefore, the controlled drought imposition that was used, where daily water loss from the soil was made equal for all plants, revealed genotypic differences in the sensitivity of the reproductive process to drought. Under these conditions, the seed yield differences in chickpea were largely related to the capacity to produce a large number of flowers and to set seeds, especially in the early phase of drought stress when the degree of water deficit was mild.

scholarly journals Recognition and Determination of Related Traits Importance with Seed Yield in Chickpea (Cicer Aietinum)

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayebeh Ghorbani ◽  
Kianoosh Cheghamirza ◽  
Kosar Bardideh ◽  
Parastoo Basili Shoar
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Pod Number

ABSTRACT To study the relationship between seed yield and its components 5 varieties and 18 different genotypes of Cicer arietinum were evaluated. This study was carried out under dryland farming during 2007 in research farm of Razi university. Path analysis showed that in the first level of yield, the highest direct effect was related to biological yield and the highest indirect effect was related to seed number per plant due to biological yield. In second level of yield due to the seed number per plant double seed pod number had the highest direct effect and the highest indirect effect was related to hundreds seed weight due to double the seed pod number. In second level of yield due to biological yield, the highest direct effect was related to high plant and the highest indirect effect was related to high plant due to second branch number. In the third level of yield due to a hundred seed weight, the highest direct effect was related to pod diameter and the highest indirect effect was related to pod length due to pod diameter. Factor analysis showed that 5 factors explained 81.65 percent of the variance. Cluster analysis based on ward method were arranged genotypes in 3 clusters.

scholarly journals The Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilization on The Yield and Some Yield Components of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) In Van Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 786-794
Author(s):  
Cihan YEŞILBAŞ ◽  
Yeşim TOGAY
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Biological Yield

The study was conducted to determine effects of organic and inorganic fertilization on the yield and some yield components in lentil cultivars in 2014-15 growing seasons in Van. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomised block design with three replications. The study was conducted to determine effects of different fertilizer sources (Control, DAP, Chicken manure and sheep manure) on the yield and some yield components in two lentil cultivars (Özbek and Kafkas). In the study were investigated the plant height, first pod height, branch number per plant, pod and seed number per plant, seed number per pod, biological yield, seed yield per unit, harvest index, 1000-seed weight and protein ratio in seed. The highest seed yield was obtained from chicken manure application of Özbek cultivar with 157.6 kg da-1.  

scholarly journals Ecophysiology of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) cultivated under different saline and biofertilizer levels

2020 ◽  
pp. 923-931
Author(s):  
Rafael Santiago da Costa ◽  
Letícia Kenia Bessa de Oliveira ◽  
Aiala Vieira Amorim ◽  
Fred Denilson Barbosa Silva ◽  
Albanise Barbosa Marinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Total Seed

The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, physiology, and production of cowpea plants grown under different levels of salinity and doses of mixed biofertilizer. The experiment was set in a completely randomized 3 x 4 factorial design, corresponding to three levels of irrigation with saline water (ECw: 0.5, 2.5 and 4.5 dS m-1) and four doses of biofertilizer (0, 800, 1600 and 2400 milliliters - mL), with five repetitions. The biofertilizer was obtained by means of an aerobic process, using a mixture of water, goat manure, and wood ashes, and it was applied in the liquid form, once a week, and directly into the soil. After 70 days, gaseous exchanges were evaluated, and the length of the main stem, the diameter of the stem, and the leaf area were measured. Furthermore, the number of pods produced, mean pod size, total pod weight, total seed weight, hundred seed weight, and yield were estimated. It was observed that the application of mixed biofertilizer promoted increments of 28.98% in leaf area, 32.78% in length of the main stem, and 21.55% in total dry mass. Weekly doses of 1600 mL promoted significant increases in gas exchanges. The application of weekly doses of 1600 mL of mixed biofertilizer promoted growth increases in physiological and productive parameters when the plants were irrigated with saline water up to 2.5 dS m-1, suggesting that the biofertilizer reduces the deleterious effects of salinity.

The optimum foliar zinc source and level for improving Zn content in seed of chickpea

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal Kayan ◽  
Nurdilek Gulmezoglu ◽  
Mehmet Demir Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Pod Number

The comparative effect of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8% Zn levels of zinc chelate (Zn-EDTA; 8% Zn) and zinc sulfate (23% Zn) applied as foliar sprays for assuaging zinc deficiency of chickpea cv. Gökçe was evaluated under field condition. The sprays were applied on the plants before blooming stage during 2012 and 2013 growing seasons and seed yield, yield components like plant height, pod number per plant, seed number per plant, hundred seed weight, harvest index and mineral concentrations (nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and iron) in seeds were investigated. Plant height, pod number per plant, seed number per plant, hundred seed weight, harvest index and seed yield were investigated. The results showed that increased zinc doses caused an increase in Zn content of seed, while seed yield was not affected similarly. In general, plant height, pod number and seed number per plant increased by the application of zinc. Lower dose of Zn-EDTA and higher dose of ZnSO<sub>4</sub> gave higher yield components. Seed weight, harvest index and seed yield were not significantly influenced by Zn sources and doses; however, mineral concentration of seeds enhanced when Zn doses were increased. It was concluded that foliar application of zinc resulted in an increase in seed mineral contents rather than seed yield of chickpea. The dose of 0.6% with Zn-EDTA was the optimum combination for Zn enrichment in seed of chickpea.

EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND MOISTURE ON YIELD AND PROTEIN IN FIELD PEAS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. McLEAN ◽  
F. W. SOSULSKI ◽  
C. G. YOUNGS
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Moisture Conditions

When averaged over a wide range in soil nitrogen and moisture conditions, cultivar differences in yield and protein content of non-inoculated field peas (Pisum sativum L.) were relatively small. The inherent differences in seed weight were responsible for most of the variations in yield among the three cultivars. Nitrogen fertilization in the growth room experiment markedly increased plant weight, seed yield and protein content, and water-use efficiency was substantially improved. When maintained within the upper half of the available range, soil moisture supply had only a limited influence on plant growth. Periodic wilting did cause a severe reduction in plant weight and seed yield, but there was little change in protein content. For these fertilizer and moisture treatments, responses in seed yield were primarily due to changes in number of pods per plant; the seeds per pod and seed weight were relatively stable. It appeared that field peas were efficient converters of soil nitrogen to seed protein and, in the absence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrogen fertilization was the principal factor influencing the protein content of field peas. The correlation coefficient between yield and protein content was very low.

Heterosis, inbreeding depression and their relationship with genetic divergence in sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Banerjee ◽  
P. Kole
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Pure Lines

Seven parents (CST2002, MT34, OS-Sel-2, TKG22, AAUDT9304-14-4, B67 and Rama), their 21 F 1 s and 21 F 2 s were grown in summer 2003 in a randomized block design with three replications. Heterosis and inbreeding depression were studied for seven important yield-contributing characters (plant height, branch number plant −1 , capsules plant −1 , seeds capsule −1 , 1000-seed weight, stick yield plant −1 and seed yield plant −1 ). Maximum heterosis for seed yield plant −1 over the mid- and better-parent was recorded in CST2002×TKG22 (43.30%) and MT34×B67 (27.22%), respectively. Mid-parent heterosis for seed yield plant −1 was due to cumulative heterosis for various important component traits, such as capsules plant −1 , seeds capsule −1 and 1000-seed weight. Inbreeding depression was highest for seed yield, followed by 1000-seed weight, capsules plant −1 , branch number and plant height, indicating the predominance of non-additive genetic effects. B67×Rama exhibited significant positive heterosis in F 1 , but non-significant inbreeding depression in F 2 for seed yield. This cross can be utilized as basic material for identifying better pure lines. The clustering pattern indicated that in general genetically diverse parents exhibited more heterosis, as evident in the majority of the crosses.

scholarly journals Response of Canola Advanced Lines to Delay Plantings upon Late Season Drought Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Amir Hosein Shirani Rad ◽  
Nasser Shahsavari ◽  
Nadia Safavi Fard
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
Pod Number

     In order to evaluation of canola advanced lines response to delay plantings under late season drought stress conditions, an experiment was carried out in a factorial split-plot arrangement based on RCBD with three replications during two years (2012-2014) in Karaj of Iran. Treatments were; (1): Planting date in two levels (16 October and 1 November), (2): irrigation, in two levels (I1: normal irrigation as control and I2: restricted irrigation after pod formation stage) as main plots and (3): twelve oilseed rape genotypes as sub plots such as BAL2, BAL1, BAL3, BAL6, BAL8, BAL9, BAL11, BAL15, L72, R15, L109 and Okapi. The interaction effects of planting date, irrigation and genotype on pod number per plant, seed number per pod, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, and oil yield were significant at 1% level probability. The maximum seed yield under planting at the appropriate time (16 October), normal irrigation and drought stress conditions (restricted irrigation after pod formation stage) was observed in Okapi and L109, respectively). Among genotypes, R15 line under delay planting (1 November) and both normal irrigation and drought stress conditions (restricted irrigation after pod formation stage) showed the maximum seed yield.

Relative potential of seed yield component traits as selection criteria in the segregating generations of a desi × kabuli cross of chickpea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Santosh ◽  
C. Bharadwaj ◽  
V. S. Hegde ◽  
S. Savitha ◽  
C. Angadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Early Generation Selection ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Selection For ◽  
100 Seed Weight

To assess the response to early generation selection in chickpea, a total of 150 F4 progenies derived from selection for total branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight as independent selection criteria in F2 population of Pusa 362 (desi) × PG 0515 (kabuli) cross were evaluated along with their parents and unselected F2 bulk. The F2 population revealed high variability for all the yield components and transgressive segregation for all traits except 100-seed weight. Mean of the F4 families relative to the corresponding F2 plants was high, indicating effectiveness of early generation selection for all characters studied except branch number per plant. Significant correlated response for seed yield was also observed in F4. Based on realized response to selection as percentage of mean, realized heritability and realized generalized response values, we suggest utilization of pods per plant, seed yield per se and 100-seed weight as selection criteria in desi-kabuli introgression breeding for higher genetic gains.

YIELD, SEED WEIGHT AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF FIELD PEAS AFTER SOIL AND FOLIAR TREATMENTS OF SIMAZINE AT SUBLETHAL LEVELS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-255
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas

Simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine] was applied at rates of 0.002–0.800 kg a.i./ha to field peas (Pisum sativum L.) as soil and as foliar applications for 4 yr. Band applications to the soil surface over the seeded rows and incorporated beside the seeded rows in a clay soil had no effect on seed yield or protein content. However, seed yield was increased 25% in the year that seeding was early (3 May) in a fine sandy clay loam, and seed placed into the center of a band into which simazine at 0.4 kg a.i./ha had been rototilled to a depth of 10–12 cm. There were no differences in weight per seed or protein content. Foliar applications were not effective.

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