scholarly journals Higher flower and seed number leads to higher yield under water stress conditions imposed during reproduction in chickpea

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Pushpavalli ◽  
Mainassara Zaman-Allah ◽  
Neil C. Turner ◽  
Rekha Baddam ◽  
Mandali V. Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Pod Number

The reproductive phase of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is more sensitive to water deficits than the vegetative phase. The characteristics that confer drought tolerance to genotypes at the reproductive stage are not well understood; especially which characteristics are responsible for differences in seed yield under water stress. In two consecutive years, 10 genotypes with contrasting yields under terminal drought stress in the field were exposed to a gradual, but similar, water stress in the glasshouse. Flower number, flower + pod + seed abortion percentage, pod number, pod weight, seed number, seed yield, 100-seed weight (seed size), stem + leaf weight and harvest index (HI) were recorded in well watered plants (WW) and in water-stressed plants (WS) when the level of deficit was mild (phase I), and when the stress was severe (phase II). The WS treatment reduced seed yield, seed and pod number, but not flower + pod + seed abortion percentage or 100-seed weight. Although there were significant differences in total seed yield among the genotypes, the ranking of the seed yield in the glasshouse differed from the ranking in the field, indicating large genotype × environment interaction. Genetic variation for seed yield and seed yield components was observed in the WW treatment, which also showed differences across years, as well as in the WS treatment in both the years, so that the relative seed yield and relative yield components (ratio of values under WS to those under WW) were used as measures of drought tolerance. Relative total seed yield was positively associated with relative total flower number (R2 = 0.23 in year 2) and relative total seed number (R2 = 0.83, R2 = 0.79 in years 1 and 2 respectively). In phase I (mild stress), relative yield of seed produced in that phase was found to be associated with the flower number in both the years (R2 = 0.69, R2 = 0.76 respectively). Therefore, the controlled drought imposition that was used, where daily water loss from the soil was made equal for all plants, revealed genotypic differences in the sensitivity of the reproductive process to drought. Under these conditions, the seed yield differences in chickpea were largely related to the capacity to produce a large number of flowers and to set seeds, especially in the early phase of drought stress when the degree of water deficit was mild.

The optimum foliar zinc source and level for improving Zn content in seed of chickpea

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal Kayan ◽  
Nurdilek Gulmezoglu ◽  
Mehmet Demir Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Pod Number

The comparative effect of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8% Zn levels of zinc chelate (Zn-EDTA; 8% Zn) and zinc sulfate (23% Zn) applied as foliar sprays for assuaging zinc deficiency of chickpea cv. Gökçe was evaluated under field condition. The sprays were applied on the plants before blooming stage during 2012 and 2013 growing seasons and seed yield, yield components like plant height, pod number per plant, seed number per plant, hundred seed weight, harvest index and mineral concentrations (nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and iron) in seeds were investigated. Plant height, pod number per plant, seed number per plant, hundred seed weight, harvest index and seed yield were investigated. The results showed that increased zinc doses caused an increase in Zn content of seed, while seed yield was not affected similarly. In general, plant height, pod number and seed number per plant increased by the application of zinc. Lower dose of Zn-EDTA and higher dose of ZnSO<sub>4</sub> gave higher yield components. Seed weight, harvest index and seed yield were not significantly influenced by Zn sources and doses; however, mineral concentration of seeds enhanced when Zn doses were increased. It was concluded that foliar application of zinc resulted in an increase in seed mineral contents rather than seed yield of chickpea. The dose of 0.6% with Zn-EDTA was the optimum combination for Zn enrichment in seed of chickpea.

scholarly journals Inter-Relationship between Seed Yield and Some Morphological and Biochemical Traits in Lentil (Lens culinaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
G. S. Mandal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Pod Number

Correlation Study with Path analysis was performed on 29 Lentil Genotypes to determine direct and indirect effect of some morphological as well as Biochemical parameters on Yield. Following traits were studied: Root Nodule number, Nodule weight, Primary Root Length, Secondary root numbers, Root Fresh and Dry weight, Plant Height, Pods per plant, Days to 50% Flowering, 100 seed weight, Leaf chlorophyll content, Seed Carbohydrate with Starch content, Seed Protein content and Yield. Considering both genetic Advance and GCV, it was observed that selection for the following characters viz. Plant Height, Pods per plant, Days to 50% flowering, 100 seed weight, Seed Protein content & Yield will be rewarding. Seed Yield per plant showed significantly Positive correlation with the following traits: 100 Seed weight, Pod number per plant, Plant height and seed starch. Negative association with yield was found for Days to 50% flowering. Path coefficient study revealed that there was a strong positive direct effect of 100 seed weight and Pod no. per plant along with Leaf Chlorophyll content on Yield. Hence, direct selection only for Pods number and 100 seed weight will be rewarding as these characters also gave higher heritability % along with high Genetic advance. Plant height gave strong negative direct effect on yield, but it gave a positive correlation due to high indirect effect in association with pod number. It may be due to short winter span of West Bengal which results into forced maturity of the crops. So short plants with higher pod numbers will be desirable for higher yield in short winter span condition.

scholarly journals Response of Canola Advanced Lines to Delay Plantings upon Late Season Drought Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Amir Hosein Shirani Rad ◽  
Nasser Shahsavari ◽  
Nadia Safavi Fard
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
Pod Number

     In order to evaluation of canola advanced lines response to delay plantings under late season drought stress conditions, an experiment was carried out in a factorial split-plot arrangement based on RCBD with three replications during two years (2012-2014) in Karaj of Iran. Treatments were; (1): Planting date in two levels (16 October and 1 November), (2): irrigation, in two levels (I1: normal irrigation as control and I2: restricted irrigation after pod formation stage) as main plots and (3): twelve oilseed rape genotypes as sub plots such as BAL2, BAL1, BAL3, BAL6, BAL8, BAL9, BAL11, BAL15, L72, R15, L109 and Okapi. The interaction effects of planting date, irrigation and genotype on pod number per plant, seed number per pod, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, and oil yield were significant at 1% level probability. The maximum seed yield under planting at the appropriate time (16 October), normal irrigation and drought stress conditions (restricted irrigation after pod formation stage) was observed in Okapi and L109, respectively). Among genotypes, R15 line under delay planting (1 November) and both normal irrigation and drought stress conditions (restricted irrigation after pod formation stage) showed the maximum seed yield.

scholarly journals Sowing Date and Rate Effect on Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Yield Components’ Formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 384-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskars Balodis ◽  
Zinta Gaile
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Pod Number

Abstract Crop yield per area is the product of plant density and productivity of an individual plant. Plant density and the time of winter oilseed rape sowing influences yield components (parameters of individual plant productivity), such as pod number per plant, seed number per pod, plant productivity, seed weight, and plant branching. The aim of this three-year (2008–2010) study was to investigate winter oilseed rape yield components depending on sowing date (five sowing dates) and sowing rate (four sowing rates for each variety) as initial cause of plant density at harvest for two type winter oilseed rape varieties (open pollinated ‘Californium’ and hybrid ‘Excalibur’). Field trials were carried out at the Research and Study Farm “Vecauce” of the Latvia University of Agriculture. Winter oilseed rape yield components (pod number per plant and seed number per pod, plant productivity (seed number per plant and plant productivity in g) as well as the number of primary branches per plant) were affected (p < 0.05) by sowing date and rate for both varieties. In general, no significant effect of sowing rate on 1000-seed weight was observed (p > 0.05), but sowing date influenced this component significantly (p < 0.05). A yield compensation mechanism was demonstrated by significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations between plant density at harvest and parameters of individual plant productivity.

Effect of time of tiller emergence and nitrogen fertiliser on seed yield components of Digitaria eriantha cv. Premier

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Ramirez ◽  
JB Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Seed Yield Components ◽  
Seed Harvest ◽  
Digitaria Eriantha ◽  
Total Seed

The effect of fertiliser nitrogen (N) and season (spring or autumn seed harvests) on tiller appearance, development and survival, and seed production in D. eriantha was investigated in a trial in south-east Queensland. In both spring and autumn, rate of tillering was maximal within the first week after cutting and declined rapidly thereafter, regardless of the level of applied N. Rate of tillering was greater in spring than in autumn. Tiller survival decreased as tiller emergence was delayed, and with increasing levels of applied N. At seed harvest, early-emerged tillers were consistently taller, heavier, thicker, and more fertile than late-emerged tillers, and they contributed most of the inflorescences. Fertility of all tillers was increased by application of N, particularly in spring. Seed yield, percentage seed set, and 1000-seed weight were larger in early-emerged tillers, which also bore the biggest inflorescences with the most spikelets per inflorescence, although spikelet number per unit raceme length was lower than on inflorescences borne on late-formed tillers. In general, the effect of N on seed yield components (inflorescence size, 1000-seed weight and seed set) was not significant. Early-emerged tillers contributed more than 70% of the total seed yield in both seasons.

scholarly journals Correlation and path coefficient analysis of seed yield and yield components of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes in sub-tropical region.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kalauni
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Abstract This research aims to determine the relationship between yield and yield components of French bean using multivariate statistical techniques. The study was conducted at Horticulture Research Station, Dailekh, Nepal for consecutive three year of 2016-2018. In this study, six French bean genotypes were used. The following measurements and observations were made: germination (%), pod length (cm), pod diameter (mm), individual pod weight and number of seeds pod-1, number of dry pods plant-1, dry pod yield plant-1 and dry pod yield (t/ha), 100 seed weight (g) and seed yield (t/ha). Highly significant and positive correlation was recorded between seed yield and individual pod weight (r=0.659***), number of seed pod-1 (r=0.548**) and pod length (0.459*). Conversely, pod diameter showed a negative and non-significant (-0.025) correlation on seed yield. Based on simple regression analysis, linear regression of individual pod weight, number of seed pod-1 and pod length leads to an increase in the seed yield (t/ha) by 0.188, 0.285 and 0.103 units respectively. From the path coefficient analysis maximum positive direct effect on seed yield was recorded by number of seeds pod-1 (0.767) followed by 100 seed weight (0.530) and individual pod weight (0.429). Also, stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that three traits including individual pod weight, 100 seed weight and number of dry pod plant-1 with R2 = 68.22% showed their overall contribution towards seed yield. The rest of the variance (R2 = 31.78%) was contributed by the variables that were not included in the study. Results concerning four statistical methods showed that individual pod weight appeared to be most effective contributor of seed yield followed by the number of seed pod-1, 100 seed weight, and pod length. Therefore, attention should be paid to these characters in any breeding program during the selection criteria for improving the seed yield.

scholarly journals Effect of variety, dates of planting and spraying with Growmore in some quantitative characteristics of dry cowpea horns: تأثير الصنف ومواعيد الزراعة والرش بالكرومور في بعض الصفات الكمية والنوعية لقرنات اللوبيا الجافة

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Kareem Saeed,    Aziz Mahde Abed Al- Shammari , Nadir F
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Early Agriculture ◽  
The Third ◽  
Random Sections ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The experiment was conducted in a special field in the area of Kanaan for the province of Diyala for the autumn agricultural season 2017 to study the effect of the date of cultivation and spraying paper in the form of the fertilizer of the vine in the growth and the yield of three varieties of cowpea. The study included three factors, the first three varieties of cowpea namely; Blackeye, Kafr Al- Sheikh and Ramshorn, and the second date of agriculture and included two dates; the first on 15/7/2017 and the second on 1/8/2017, The third factor is the spraying of the paper in the growmore  fertilizer, which includes three levels: the first 50 mg l- 1 and the second 100 mg l- 1 and the third 150 mg l- 1 in addition to the comparison treatment (0 mg l- 1). Thus, the experiment contained twenty- four treatments, which are the combination of the above factors. The experiment was carried out in accordance with the system of splitting the splinters with the design of the complete random sections (RCBD) and with three replicates. The number of experimental units reached 72 units. The results were analyzed using the statistical program SAS, and the differences between the averages were measured using the TOKI test at a probability level of 0.05. The results were summarized as follows: Blackeye was superior in most traits, giving the highest values of 100 seed weight, seed weight, seed yield per plant, total seed yield, respectively, 34.12 g, 0.344 g, 242.10 g,- 1, 12.92 ha. While Kafr El- Sheikh was superior in the number of dry corns of cowpea, 66.21 pods, which exceeded the number of cultivated plants on the first date in all studied traits. This is a good indication that early agriculture in mid- July increases the yield and its components. As for the grow more product, the spray concentration was significantly higher than 100 mg/ L- 1 in the weight of 100 seeds, seed yield per plant, total seed yield, respectively 30.85 g, 289.89 g and 15.46 ha- 1, , While spraying the plants with the chromor product with both concentrations 100 and 150 mg L- 1 to their superiority significantly "in the characteristics of the number of corns and the rate of weight of a single seed.

Morphological influences on the seed yield of field peas

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
GH Walton
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Basal Branch ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Western Australian

In a preliminary trial at Perth with spaced plants which were supported to prevent lodging and allow for irrigation, the seed weight on plants was correlated with the ability of pea plants to produce reproductive nodes on the main stem and branches. Tall cultivars such as Dundale, Dun and Wirrega produced more aerial branches than dwarf cultivars like Huka which gave more basal branches. By contrast, in the dry, short-season Mediterranean climate of the Western Australian wheatbelt at Merredin, the seed yield of peas was derived principally from yield components on the main stem. The plant characters; the number of reproductive nodes, plant height and seed number per pod, had a significant (P< 0.01) and positive correlation with seed yield. The early- and mid-flowering cultivars, Collegian and Dundale (67 and 72 days to flower respectively), had more reproductive nodes on the main stem, with more seeds produced on the first six reproductive nodes than later flowering (88-96 days) cultivars such as Dun and Wirrega. At Merredin, basal branch number was negatively correlated with seed yield and tall cultivars like Collegian, Dundale and Dun had significantly (P< 0.05) less basal branches. Plant breeders should select for increased seed number per pod in early flowering, medium to tall pea plants, to improve the total seed weight from the first three reproductive nodes produced on the main stem.

Genetic divergence, correlation and path coefficient analysis for the yield components of pigeonpea genotypes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
SNCVL Pushpavalli ◽  
C. Sudhakar ◽  
C. Sudha Rani ◽  
R. Raja Rajeswari ◽  
C. Jyothi Rani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The present investigation was carried out using thirty two pigeonpea genotypes during kharif 2013-14 to obtain the knowledge of correlation, path coefficient analysis for the yield components and genetic divergence. The range of GCV was observed from 9.81 to 40.88% for the traits under study which provides information regarding the extent of variability present among the genotypes. Seed yield was significantly and positively correlated with number of secondary branches/plant, pods/plant and 100-seed weight. Path coefficient analysis indicated that number of secondary branches exhibited maximum direct effect followed by number of pods/plant and 100 seed weight. The genotypes were grouped into eight different clusters based on Mahalonobis D2 statistics. Clusters II and III exhibited maximum inter cluster distance of 8.80. Days to 50% flowering contributed to maximum genetic divergence followed by seed yield. Genotypes in cluster III recorded highest mean value for days to maturity, number of secondary branches and seed yield.

Response of Aryloxyalkanoate Dioxygenase-12 Transformed Soybean Yield Components to Postemergence 2,4-D

Weed Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Robinson ◽  
David M. Simpson ◽  
William G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Grain Yield Components ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Pod Number

New trait technology incorporating 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) resistance in soybean provides an alternative method to control weeds. However, the effect of postemergence treatments of 2,4-D on aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenase-12 (AAD-12) soybean on injury and yield components has not been reported. Our objectives were to characterize the effect of 2,4-D (dimethylamine salt) rates (0, 1,120, and 2,240 g ae ha−1) and soybean growth stage (V5, R2, or V5 followed by R2) on AAD-12 soybean injury and yield components. Less than 3% soybean injury was observed when 2,240 g ha−1of 2,4-D was applied to R2 soybean, and less than 1% soybean injury was caused by 1,120 g ha−1of 2,4-D. Seed yield, seed mass, pod number, seed number, seed per pod, reproductive node number, pods per reproductive node, node number, and percent reproductive nodes were not affected by 2,4-D treatments when applied at the V5, R2, or the V5 followed by R2 soybean growth stage. This research demonstrates that soybean transformed with AAD-12 can tolerate foliar applications of 2,4-D at rates up to 2,240 g ha−1with no effect on soybean grain yield components.

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