EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND MOISTURE ON YIELD AND PROTEIN IN FIELD PEAS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. McLEAN ◽  
F. W. SOSULSKI ◽  
C. G. YOUNGS
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Moisture Conditions

When averaged over a wide range in soil nitrogen and moisture conditions, cultivar differences in yield and protein content of non-inoculated field peas (Pisum sativum L.) were relatively small. The inherent differences in seed weight were responsible for most of the variations in yield among the three cultivars. Nitrogen fertilization in the growth room experiment markedly increased plant weight, seed yield and protein content, and water-use efficiency was substantially improved. When maintained within the upper half of the available range, soil moisture supply had only a limited influence on plant growth. Periodic wilting did cause a severe reduction in plant weight and seed yield, but there was little change in protein content. For these fertilizer and moisture treatments, responses in seed yield were primarily due to changes in number of pods per plant; the seeds per pod and seed weight were relatively stable. It appeared that field peas were efficient converters of soil nitrogen to seed protein and, in the absence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrogen fertilization was the principal factor influencing the protein content of field peas. The correlation coefficient between yield and protein content was very low.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of 183 Turkish Common Bean Accessions for Agronomic, Trading, and Consumer-Preferred Plant Characteristics for Breeding Purposes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azhar Nadeem ◽  
Tolga Karaköy ◽  
Mehmet Zahit Yeken ◽  
Ephrem Habyarimana ◽  
Ruştu Hatipoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Plant landraces represent a repository of a gene pool, local adaptation of their domestic species, and thereby are considered a great source of genetic variations. Such genetic variation can be helpful to mitigate the current and future food challenges. A total of 183 common bean accessions including three commercial varieties collected from 19 Turkish provinces were grown to record their morpho-agronomic variations and to evaluate the best performing accessions under multi-environmental conditions. Plant height, days to maturity, pods weight, seed length, and 100-seed weight were used to evaluate the best performing accessions under different environmental conditions. A wide range of variations for traits like days to maturity (99–161), plant height (21–168.7 cm), seed length (7.41–16.4 mm), seeds per plant (17.8–254.4), and 100-seeds weight (24.97–73.8 g) were observed and can be useful for breeding purposes. The analytic results derived from the first three eigenvectors suggested that plant height, plant weight, 100-seed weight, and days to flowering were biologically significant bean traits. Seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with plant weight and pods weight. Genotype × environment biplot discriminated the studied common bean accessions based on their plant height and growth habit. Plant height, days to maturity, seed width, and first pod height were found highly heritable traits and were least affected by environmental forces. Among 19 provinces, accessions of Bilecik showed maximum pods per plant, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight, while Erzincan and Sivas provinces reflected the prevalence of bushy and early maturing accessions. Information provided herein comprehensively explored the occurrence of genotypic variations which can be used for the development of candidate varieties responding to breeder, farmer, and consumer preferences.

YIELD, SEED WEIGHT AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF FIELD PEAS AFTER SOIL AND FOLIAR TREATMENTS OF SIMAZINE AT SUBLETHAL LEVELS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-255
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas

Simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine] was applied at rates of 0.002–0.800 kg a.i./ha to field peas (Pisum sativum L.) as soil and as foliar applications for 4 yr. Band applications to the soil surface over the seeded rows and incorporated beside the seeded rows in a clay soil had no effect on seed yield or protein content. However, seed yield was increased 25% in the year that seeding was early (3 May) in a fine sandy clay loam, and seed placed into the center of a band into which simazine at 0.4 kg a.i./ha had been rototilled to a depth of 10–12 cm. There were no differences in weight per seed or protein content. Foliar applications were not effective.

Field peas: Chemical composition and energy and amino acid availabilities for poultry

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Igbasan ◽  
W. Guenter ◽  
B. A. Slominski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Protein Amino Acids

Twelve pea cultivars (yellow-, green- and brown-seeded) were evaluated for chemical composition and digestibility in poultry. The evaluation involved analyses for protein, amino acids (AAs), fat, starch, dietary fibre, ash, calcium, phosphorus and tannins. True metabolizable energy [nitrogen corrected (TMEn) and uncorrected (TME)] and true AA bioavailability values were also determined with adult cockerels. The cultivars showed a wide range of protein (207.5–264.0 g kg−1) and starch (385.3–436.8 g kg−1) contents which were not related to the seed coat colours. The concentrations of several AAs varied among the cultivars. With the exception of arginine, the concentrations of all other essential AAs on a protein basis decreased as protein levels increased. Out of 10 essential AAs including cystine, only arginine had a positive correlation (r = 0.79) with protein content. The dietary fibre contents varied between 190.7 and 223.1 g kg−1 and the values were slightly higher in the brown-seeded cultivars. The brown-seeded cultivars contained appreciable quantities of tannins, while the yellow- and green-seeded cultivars were devoid of tannins. The cultivars were almost devoid of fat and calcium but relatively high in phosphorus. Starch and dietary fibre were negatively correlated with protein content (r = −0.78 and −0.46, respectively), and accounted for the greatest difference in protein content. The TME values ranged from 11.6 to 13.3 MJ kg−1 while the TMEn values ranged from 11.0 to 12.9 MJ kg−1. The mean availabilities of AAs ranged from a high of 89.6 to a low of 75.9%, with total sulphur AAs (cystine and methionine) having the lowest value and glutamic acid having the highest value. There was a trend (P ≤ 0.05) towards lower AA bioavailability values in the brown-seeded cultivars. It can be concluded that these cultivars varied in chemical composition, metabolizable energy content and bioavailability of AAs. Key words: Field peas, composition, digestibility, chicken, poultry

Effect of inoculation and nitrogen fertilization on nodulation, seed yield and quality of soya beans

1972 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Abu-Shakra ◽  
A. Bassiri
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Sulphur Amino Acids

SUMMARYSoya beans grown on land planted the previous year with inoculated soya beans produced more nodules, lodging, seed yield, 1000 seed weight, and protein content and less seed oil concentration as compared to those grown on land that was planted with non-inoculated soya beans. Nitrogen fertilization (120kg N/ha) reduced the total number of nodules per plant. Increasing inoculation rates of the seed increased the dry weight of nodules per plant. Location, nitrogen fertilization, and inoculation increased or decreased the levels of certain amino acids but had no significant effect on the sulphur amino acids, cystine and methionine.

Agronomic performance of seven pea (Pisum sativum) genotypes with five sowing dates in sandy soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-347
Author(s):  
H. Hanaa ◽  
E. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Faculty Farm of Sebha University during the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 winter seasons to study the agronomic performance of seven pea genotypes with different sowing dates in sandy soil. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using a split-plot arrangement with three replicates. The five sowing dates (30 October, 15 November, 30 November, 15 December and 30 December) were assigned to the main plots, while the seven pea genotypes (Ambassador, Pollon, MG130256, G22765-2c, 89-P-109-11, No. 252, Victory Freezer and Master B) were allocated to the sub-plots. The sowing dates had a significant effect on all the studied traits except seed protein content in both seasons. Early sowing (15 November) was better than the other sowing dates for all the traits except 100-seed weight. There were significant differences between the pea genotypes for all the traits in the two growing seasons. The Victory Freezer genotype surpassed the other genotypes for all traits except number of branches plant-1 in the second season, 100-seed weight and seed protein content. The highest values for number of branches plant−1 in the second season and for seed protein content were obtained for the G22765-2c genotype, while the maximum values of 100-seed weight were recorded for the MG130256 genotype. A significant interaction between sowing dates and pea genotypes was detected for the length of the period from emergence to initial flowering, number of pods plant−1, seed yield plant−1 and seed yield ha-1 in both seasons. The longest period from emergence to initial flowering was obtained for the Victory Freezer pea variety sown on 30 November, while the highest values of pods plant−1, seed yield plant−1 and seed yield ha−1 were gained by sowing the Victory Freezer pea genotype on 15 November.

QUALITY, YIELD, AND SEED WEIGHT OF GREEN FIELD PEAS UNDER CONDITIONS OF APPLIED SHADE

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Very High

Field studies were conducted in 1973 and 1974 to evaluate the effects of light intensity on the quality and yield of the green field pea (Pisum sativum L.) ’Triumph’. The treatments included a control with no shading (80 klx) and shading with one (31 klx) or two (9 klx) layers of screen material for a 3-wk period before maturity. Shading resulted in a significant decrease in seed weight and yield and a significant increase in protein content of the seed. The effect of shading on viscosity of the cooked samples was quadratic, implying that viscosity only decreased at very high levels of shading. Shading also tended to reduce loss of green color in the seed cotyledons.

MANAGEMENT FOR YIELD AND PROTEIN OF FIELD PEAS IN SASKATCHEWAN

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. SOSULSKI ◽  
L. A. McLEAN ◽  
H. M. AUSTENSON
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
World Collection ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Seed Yields

In experimental plots, the yields of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars averaged 25 q/ha and the protein contents varied between 25 and 31% over a wide range of management conditions. These values greatly exceeded the Saskatchewan provincial average yield of 13.5 q/ha and a protein range of 16–27% among farm samples in 1970. In the plot experiments, the commercial cultivars showed little variation in protein content but one strain from the world collection was high in protein content and seed yield. Seed inoculation, early planting, intermediate seeding rates and narrow row spacings favored high seed yields and did not adversely affect the protein content of field peas. Phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers increased protein content, and irrigation did not decrease the protein level when these fertilizers were applied.

RESPONSE OF SMALL FABABEANS TO SEED RATE AND SPACING

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. SEITZER ◽  
L. E. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Wide Spacing ◽  
Vicia Faba L

Small fababeans (Vicia faba L.) were tested at one location for 2 yr at six seed rates (60–260 kg/ha) and two row spacings (15 and 30 cm). Results indicate that narrow spacing outyields wide spacing at all seed rates, the average advantage being 18.9 q/ha and 5.0 q/ha for 1971 and 1972, respectively. Seed yield increased with seed rate; highest yields were obtained at a seed rate of 260 kg/ha and 15 cm spacing. Treatments had no significant effects on 1,000-seed weight hectoliter weight, or protein content. Yield component analysis revealed that the number of pods per plant decreased with increased seed rates, but weight per pod was not affected. It is concluded that seed yield is a direct function of the number of mature pods per unit area.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MOISTURE, TEMPERATURE, AND NITROGEN ON YIELD AND PROTEIN QUALITY OF THATCHER WHEAT

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Sosulski ◽  
D. M. Lin ◽  
E. A. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
High Soil Moisture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Sedimentation Value

Soil moisture level was the most important factor controlling plant and grain yields while nitrogen fertilizer had the greatest influence on protein content and sedimentation value. Lower temperatures and nitrogen fertilization favored plant development at medium and high soil moisture levels but did not significantly alter the yield of plants subjected to periodic moisture stress. Temperature was the only treatment to have a consistent effect on kernel weight. However, seed yields were more closely associated with total plant weight and number of culms than kernel size.The sedimentation values of the flour, which ranged from 33.8 to 70.7 ml, were highly correlated with protein content. The wide range of sedimentation values approached the maximum range reported for very weak and very strong wheats. Within treatments receiving the same nitrogen applications, the sedimentation values and protein content were inversely related to grain yield.Variations in glutamic acid and proline content of the hydrolyzed flour proteins were positively associated with protein content and sedimentation value. Amino acids which were negatively correlated with protein content included alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine, glycine, and lysine. Contrary to previous reports the lysine content varied over the complete range of protein content in the flours. The significance of these variations in amino acid composition are discussed in relation to recent studies on the fractionation of flour proteins.

Biomorphological Association and Path Analysis in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Helia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (63) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Jocković ◽  
Siniša Jocić ◽  
Ana Marjanović-Jeromela ◽  
Mihajlo Ćirić ◽  
Petar Čanak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Path Coefficients

AbstractIn breeding process it is important to know the extent of association between the traits that affect the yield. Objective of this study was to determine genotypic and phenotypic correlation and path coefficients in 50 sunflower hybrid combinations in order to identify research priorities in sunflower breeding. Relationships between seed yield and five bio-morphological traits in sunflower (oil content, protein content, 1,000-seed weight, head diameter and plant height) were studied. Head diameter had the highest correlation coefficient with seed yield, at phenotypic and genotypic level. Path analysis revealed that all evaluated traits had positive influence on seed yield at both, genotypic and phenotypic, levels. The highest direct effect on seed yield was found for head diameter, while protein content had the lowest direct effect on seed yield. Study has shown that the greatest improvement in sunflower seed yield can be achieved through selection on head diameter.

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