scholarly journals The Fatty Acid Composition of the Ethanolamine and Choline Phosphoglycerides of Ovine and Porcine Testes

1974 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 629 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Neill
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Large White ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Choline Phosphoglycerides ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphoglycerides

The fatty acid composition of the ethanolamine and choline phosphoglycerides was examined in the testes of Merino sheep aged 2� 5 years and lambs aged 2 weeks, and Large White crossbred pigs aged 3 years and young pigs aged 5 months. Only in the case of the choline phosphoglycerides was there a noticeable increase in the polyunsaturated fatty acid content with maturation, but the ethanolamine phosphoglycerides contained higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids throughout. Sheep testes were characterized by the absence of 4,7,1O,13,16-docosapentaenoic acid, but contained high levels of 4,7,1O,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid, particularly in the ethanolamine phosphoglycerides. This latter acid was also evident in the pig testes, but derivatives of linoleic acid, particularly arachidonic and 4,7,10,1 3, I 6-docosapentaenoic acids, were dominant.

scholarly journals Production Performance of Moina macrocopa (Straus 1820) (Crustacea, Cladocera) Cultured in Different Salinities: The Effect on Growth, Survival, Reproduction, and Fatty Acid Composition of the Neonates

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Amirah Yuslan ◽  
Sharifah Najuwa ◽  
Atsushi Hagiwara ◽  
Mazlan A. Ghaffar ◽  
Hidayu Suhaimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Moina Macrocopa ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Survival And Reproduction

Salinity is a known factor in shaping population dynamics and community structure through direct and indirect effects on aquatic ecosystems. Salinity changes further influence food webs through competition and predation. The responses of Moina macrocopa (Cladocera) collected from Setiu Wetland lagoon (Terengganu) was evaluated through manipulative laboratory experiments to understand the ability of M. macrocopa to tolerate high salinity stress. Specifically, the fatty acid composition, growth, survival, and reproduction of this cladocerans species was examined. Sodium chloride (NaCl) as used in the treatments water with the concentration 0, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 15 salinity. Fatty acid levels were determined using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The results indicated that optimal conditions produced the highest fatty acid content, especially the polyunsaturated fatty acid content, such as EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), ALA (alpha-linoleic acid), ARA (arachidonic acid), and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). Furthermore, M. macrocopa survival was best at salinity 0, with a percentage of 98%, whereas the opposite occurred at salinity 15, with approximately 20% of viable animals surviving. Besides, M. macrocopa also showed the highest reproduction rate at salinity 0 (e.g., average initial age of reproduction, 4.33 ± 0.58 days) compared with other salinities level. Interestingly, the difference in growth at different salinities was not evident, an unusual finding when considering adverse effects such as osmoregulation pressure on the organism. Based on the results, we conclude that M. macrocopa can only tolerate salinity below salinity 8 and cannot withstand stressful environmental conditions associated with salinities above 8.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition of Three Marine Fishes of the Bay of Bengal

1970 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibur R Bhuiyan ◽  
KK Nath ◽  
P Seal ◽  
Mir Esharul Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content

Oil samples collected from three fishes namely Sting Ray (Dasyatis uarrnak), Anchovy (Setipinna taty), and Eel (Congresox talabonoides) from the Bay of Bengal were analyzed to determine their fatty acid composition with the aid of Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). The saturated fatty acid contents were 52.95, 45.28 and 52.29 %; and the unsaturated fatty acid contents were 43.97, 54.72 and 33.39 % in D. uarnak, S. taty and C. talabonoides respectively. The highest polyunsaturated fatty acid content was found in S. taty (13.65 %) and the lowest was in D. uarnak (8.06 %). The ψ-3 fatty acid contents were 4.58, 3.65 and 9.91 % and the ψ-6 fatty acid contents were 3.48, 10.00 and 5.50 % in D. uarnak. S. taty and C. talabonoides respectively. Two essential fatty acid linoleic acid (4.12 %) and arachidonic acid (5.32 %) contents were found higher in S. taty whereas another essential fatty acid linolenic acid (8.98 %) found higher in C. talabonoides. Another important polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (2.12%) found higher in D. uarnak. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 41(1-2), 47-54, 2006

scholarly journals Muscle and Subcutaneous Fatty Acid Composition and the Evaluation of Ageing Time on Meat Quality Parameters of Hispano-Bretón Horse Breed

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
Lorea R. Beldarrain ◽  
Lara Morán ◽  
Miguel Ángel Sentandreu ◽  
Kizkitza Insausti ◽  
Luis Javier R. Barron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Ageing Time ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A full-randomized block design was used for the study of the FA composition and meat quality parameters, considering ageing time as a split-plot factor. Chemical and fatty acid composition of steaks (longissimus thoracis and lumborum muscle) from 15 month old semiextensively reared Hispano-Bretón horses were characterized (day 0), and the effect of vacuum ageing (0, 7, 14 and 21 days) on several meat quality parameters (pH, instrumental color and texture and cook loss) was determined. The average fat content of horse loin was 3.31%, and the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content, although higher than in ruminant meats, suggested that the finishing on a high-grain diet limited muscle n-3 accumulation. Results revealed that ageing affected all meat quality measurements; color started to turn brownish at 14 days of ageing, with a decrease in redness but not in yellowness. Tenderness improved during the first two weeks, and the Warner-Bratzler shear force scores showed that meat aged for 7 days could be considered as ‘intermediate tender’. Under the present study conditions, an ageing period between 7 and 14 days is recommended for an optimum horse meat quality.

scholarly journals Hepatic Deletion of Mboat7 (Lpiat1) Causes Activation of SREBP-1c and Fatty Liver

2020 ◽  
pp. jlr.RA120000856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingfeng Xia ◽  
Preethi Chandrasekaran ◽  
Shunxing Rong ◽  
Xiaorong Fu ◽  
Matthew A. Mitsche
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
De Novo Lipogenesis ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content

Genetic variants that increase the risk of fatty liver disease (FLD) and cirrhosis have recently been identified in the proximity of membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 (MBOAT7).  To elucidate the link between these variants and FLD we characterized Mboat7 liver-specific knock-out mice (Mboat7-LSKO).  Chow-fed Mboat7-LSKO mice developed fatty livers and associated liver injury.  Lipidomic analysis of liver using mass spectrometry revealed a pronounced reduction in 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acid content in phosphatidylinositols (PIs), but not in other phospholipids. The change in fatty acid composition of PIs in these mice was associated with a marked increase in de novo lipogenesis due to activation of SREBP-1c, a transcription factor that coordinates the activation of genes encoding enzymes in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. Hepatic removal of both SREBP cleavage activating protein (Scap) and Mboat7 normalized hepatic triglycerides relative to Scap only hepatic knock-out showing increased SREBP-1c processing is required for Mboat7 induced steatosis.  This study reveals a clear relationship between PI fatty acid composition and regulation of hepatic fat synthesis and delineates the mechanism by which mutations in MBOAT7 cause hepatic steatosis.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Salinities Gradient on Fatty Acid Composition, Growth, Survival and Reproductive Performance of Moina macrocopa (Straus 1820) (Crustacea, Cladocera)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiah Wan Rasdi ◽  
Hidayu Suhaimi ◽  
Atsushi Hagiwara ◽  
Mhd. Ikhwanuddin ◽  
Mazlan A. Ghaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Moina Macrocopa ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Unexpected Outcome

Salinity is a known factor which shapes population dynamics and community structure through direct and indirect effects towards aquatic ecosystems. The responses of Moina macrocopa (Cladocera) collected from Setiu Wetland lagoon (Terengganu) were evaluated through manipulative laboratory experiments to understand the ability of M. macrocopa to tolerate under high salinity stress. Specifically, the fatty acid composition, growth, survival and reproduction of this cladocerans species were examined. Sodium chloride (NaCl) were used in the treatments water with the concentration 0, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 15psu. Fatty acid levels were determined using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Results clearly indicate that normal conditions give the highest content of fatty acid, especially the polyunsaturated fatty acid content like EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), ALA (alpha-linoleic acid), ARA (arachidonic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). Furthermore, M. macrocopa survival also was best at 0psu, with percentage reached 98%, whereas the opposite occurred at 15psu, with approximately 9% of viable animals survived. On other aspects, M. macrocopa also showed the highest reproduction rate at 0psu (e.g. average initial age of reproduction, 4.33±0.58 days) compared with other salinities level. Interestingly, the difference in terms of growth at different salinities was unapparent, an unexpected outcome when adverse effects such as osmoregulation pressure on the organism are considered. Based on the results, we conclude that M. macrocopa can only tolerate salinity below 8psu and, is unable to withstand stressful environmental condition engendered with salinities above 8psu.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation and Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the Fatty Acid Profile of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Seeds

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Ewa Szpunar-Krok ◽  
Anna Wondołowska-Grabowska ◽  
Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro ◽  
Marta Jańczak-Pieniążek ◽  
Andrzej Kotecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Soybean is a valuable protein and oilseed crop ranked among the most significant of the major crops. Field experiments were carried out in 2016–2019 in South-East Poland. The influence of soybean cultivars (Aldana, Annushka), nitrogen fertilizer (0, 30, 60 kg∙ha−1 N) and inoculation with B. japonicum (control, HiStick® Soy, Nitragina) on the content of fatty acids (FA) in soybean seeds was investigated in a three-factorial experiment. This study confirms the genetic determinants of fatty acid composition in soybean seeds and their differential accumulation levels for C16:0, C16:1, C18:1n9, C18:2, C18:3, and C20:0 as well saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids. Increasing the rate from 30 to 60 kg ha−1 N did not produce the expected changes, suggesting the use of only a “starter” rate of 30 kg ha−1 N. Inoculation of soybean seeds with a strain of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (HiStick® Soy, BASF, Littlehampton, UK and Nitragina, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation–State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland) is recommended as it will cause a decrease in SFA and C16:0 acid levels. This is considered nutritionally beneficial as its contribution to total fatty acids determines the hypercholesterolemic index, and it is the third most accumulated fatty acid in soybean seeds. The interaction of cultivars and inoculation formulation on fatty acid content of soybean seeds was demonstrated. An increase in the value of C16:0 content resulted in a decrease in the accumulation of C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3 acids. The content of each decreased by almost one unit for every 1% increase in C16:0 content. The dominant effect of weather conditions on the FA profile and C18:2n6/C18:3n3 ratio was demonstrated. This suggests a need for further evaluation of the genetic progress of soybean cultivars with respect to fatty acid composition and content under varying habitat conditions.

scholarly journals Ethanol with a mixed meal increases postprandial triacylglycerol but decreases postprandial non-esterified fatty acid concentrations

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Fielding ◽  
Guy Reid Michelle Grady ◽  
Sandy M. Humphreys ◽  
Kevin Evans ◽  
Keith N. Frayn
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Mixed Meal ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Specific Fatty Acid

Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations increase after the acute ingestion of alcohol (specifically ethanol). However, the effect of ethanol when consumed with a mixed meal has not been well studied. The objective of the present study was to determine the perturbations of lipid metabolism that occur after ingestion of ethanol in combination with a mixed meal of specific fatty acid composition. Blood samples were taken from seven healthy male subjects before and after a mixed meal, with and without ethanol. The specific fatty acid composition of the test meal allowed the fatty acids to be traced into the plasma non-esterified fatty acid pool during the postprandial period. Statistical analysis by repeated measures ANOVA showed significant effects of ethanol. For example, postprandial lipaemia was enhanced after the ethanol test meal compared with the control (P< 0·05), mainly due to increases in triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins in the flotation range Sf60–400 (VLDL1) (P< 0·05); those in the range Sf20–60 (VLDL2) and also Sf> 400 (chylomicrons) were not significantly affected. The later postprandial increase in plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations was reduced after the ingestion of ethanol (P< 0·001), but the proportions of palmitoleic acid (a marker of fatty acid content of the test meal) and of linoleic acid (a marker of endogenous lipolysis) were not affected. The results suggest a primary effect of ethanol on the stimulation of secretion of large VLDL particles, which then compete for clearance with chylomicrons by lipoprotein lipase. The results do not support an effect of ethanol on the release of non-esterified fatty acid into the plasma. The suppression of plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations during the postprandial period may contribute towards the beneficial effects of moderate ethanol consumption.

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