Above- and below-ground biomass, and allometry, of four common northern Australian mangroves

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. T. Comley ◽  
K. A. McGuinness
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Mangrove forests are an integral part of tropical coastal ecosystems, particularly in northern Australia. In the Northern Territory, studies have determined the extent and species diversity of these associations but little is known of biomass or productivity. We sampled the above- and below-ground biomass of the four most abundant species, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera exaristata, Ceriops australis and Rhizophora stylosa, developed allometric relationships and examined partitioning. Unlike many other studies, we sampled below-ground biomass, which constituted a substantial proportion (0.29–0.57) of the total dry weight. Our results should be valuable in modelling potential changes in carbon allocation resulting from small- and large-scale ecosystem changes.

Above- and below-ground biomass of mangroves in a sub-tropical estuary

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Saintilan
Keyword(s):  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Hypersaline Environments ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Estuary Mouth ◽  
Excoecaria Agallocha ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Upper Intertidal ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Ceriops Tagal

Above- and below-ground biomass of five species of mangroves was estimated for the Mary River, south-eastern Queensland. Below-ground : above-ground biomass ratios of species in the upstream reaches (Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum and Excoecaria agallocha) averaged <0.5, and those of species in the saline conditions of the mouth (Avicennia marina, Rhizophora stylosa) ranged between 0.9 and 1.5. Within the estuary mouth, above-ground biomass of Avicennia marina and Ceriops tagal decreased between frontal saline and upper-intertidal hypersaline environments, and this was reflected in the below-ground : above-ground biomass ratios, which increased to approximately 3.5 for both species.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS MANGROVE DI DESA MENDALOK KECAMATAN SUNGAI KUNYIT KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahrul Muharamsyah ◽  
M Sofwan Anwari ◽  
Hafiz Ardian
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Sonneratia Caseolaris ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Bruguiera Cylindrica

Mangrove forests are unique ecosystems that have ecological, biological and socio-economic functions. The function of mangrove forests on the environment is very important especially in the coastal and oceanic regions. Mangrove forests providers of wood, leaves as raw material for medicines, and natural dye. This study aims to inventory the diversity of species of mangrove vegetation in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. The benefits of this study are to provide the data on mangrove forest vegetation as basic data for local government and related agencies in efforts to protect and preserve mangrove forests in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. Inventory the tree in mangrove forest used a line with measured 200 meters. There are 6 lines and the distance between the lines as far as 100 meters. The lines of observation are placed by purposive sampling. The results of research found 11 types of species and consisted of 6 genera. The genera are Avicennia, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Rhizophora, Soneratia and Xylocarpus. The species found were Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera parviflora, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia caseolaris, Xylocarpus mollucensis. Diversity of mangrove species in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency was high and should be maintained for conservation and ecotourism area. Keywords : conservation, ecotourism, mangrove, Mendalok Village

scholarly journals Carbon Stock Estimation of Mangrove Forest in Village Margasari Sub-District Labuhan Maringgai District East Lampung

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cahyaning Windarni ◽  
Agus Setiawan ◽  
Rusita Rusita
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
First Line ◽  
Average Biomass ◽  
Stock Estimation ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Increasing CO2 in the atmosphere and decreasing amount of forest as absorb CO2are factors which was the underlying repercussion of climate change. One of solutions for decreasing CO2 concentration through the forest vegetation’s development and emendation. Mangrove forest estimated that effectively absorb carbon through photosynthesis. The purpose of the studyis to estimate the stand and litter carbon stock of mangrove forest. The research used line transectmethod. The first line and plot determined randomly then the next lineand plots was sistematically. The observation plots had measurement with amount of 20m x 20m with spacing between plot in line 20 m with total 20 plots. Each plot was measured diameter just  ≥ 5 cm. Each plot made observations litter sub plots with amount of 0,5 m x 0,5 m. Carbon estimation of stand biomass using allometric equations B = 0,1848D2.3624 and litter biomass using total dry weight. Carbon concentration of organic material typically contains around 46% thus multiplying the biomass by 46%. The average biomass of mangrove forests amounted to 431,78 tons/ha. Carbon estimated of mangrove stand was 197,36 ton/ha and litter carbon was 1,25 ton/ha, based on the research total of carbon mangrove forest was198,61 ton/ha. Keywords:carbon above ground,line transect, mangrove forest

Predictive models for dry weight estimation of above and below ground biomass components of Populus deltoides in India: Development and comparative diagnosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1145-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit ◽  
D.K. Das ◽  
O.P. Chaturvedi ◽  
Nighat Jabeen ◽  
S.K. Dhyani
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Models ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Biomass Components

Biomass of the mangrove Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. Near Brisbane, South-eastern Queensland

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
AP Mackey
Keyword(s):  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Vegetation Characteristics

Above- and below-ground biomass of A. marina were estimated on three plots with different vegetation characteristics in a subtropical mangrove woodland at Boggy Creek near Brisbane. Total photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic above-ground biomasses of mangroves in the plots were 16.2, 34.1 and 11.0 kg m-2, below-ground plus pneumatophore biomasses were 10.9, 12.1 and 12.6 kg m-2. Although the study site is in an industrialized, moderately polluted estuary, the biomass of Avicennia here is similar to that of Avicennia communities elsewhere.

scholarly journals Below-Ground Growth of Alpine Plants, Not Above-Ground Growth, Is Linked to the Extent of Its Carbon Storage

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2680
Author(s):  
Youfu Zhang ◽  
Tuo Chen ◽  
Hanbo Yun ◽  
Chunyan Chen ◽  
Yongzhi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Major Process ◽  
Below Ground

Understanding carbon allocation in plants is essential for explaining their growth strategies during environmental adaptation. However, the role of mobile carbon in plant growth and its response to habitat conditions is still disputed. In degraded meadow (alpine sandy grassland) and non-degraded meadow (typical alpine meadow and swamp meadow) on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, we measured the monthly averages of above-ground biomass (AGB) and below-ground biomass (BGB) of the investigated species in each meadow and the average concentration of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), an indicator of carbon storage. Below-ground organs had higher concentrations and showed more seasonal variation in NSCs than above-ground organs. BGB had a positive correlation with below-ground NSCs levels. However, AGB had no clear relationship with above-ground NSCs levels. Plants in sandy grasslands had higher total NSC, soluble sugars, fructose, and sucrose concentrations and lower starch concentrations in below-ground organs than plants in alpine or swamp meadows. Overall, NSCs storage, particularly soluble sugars, is a major process underlying the pattern of below-ground growth, but not above-ground growth, in the meadow ecosystem of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, and degraded meadow strengthens this process. These results suggest that the extent of carbon storage in non-photosynthetic organs of alpine herbs impacts their growth and habitat adaptation.

Abundance, Zonation and Foraging Ecology of Birds in Mangroves of Darwin Harbour, Northern Territory.

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Noske
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Melaleuca Cajuputi

The density, seasonality, habitat utilization and foraging ecology of birds in mangals (mangrove forests) at a site on the upper reaches of Darwin Harbour were investigated by transect censusing and colour-banding over three years. Despite having only 10 species of plants, the site supported 17 confirmed and five probable breeding resident species of birds, and was visited by 30 more. From variable-width transect censuses, the mean density of birds on a 4-ha plot was estimated to be 25 ha-1, fairly consistent with densities obtained from territory mapping of colour-banded birds. Nearly 70% of the individuals belonged to just 4 species: two mangal-dependent species, the red-headed honeyeater (Myzomela erythrocephala) and the yellow white-eye (Zosterops lutea) and two more generalised species, the large-billed gerygone (Gerygone magnirostris) and the brown honeyeater (Lichmera indistincta). Only the red-headed honeyeater showed significant seasonal variation in abundance, with highest numbers during the late dry season after breeding. This coincided with the period of greatest food (nectar) availability in the mangal, due to flowering Bruguiera exaristata. Lowest numbers of the red-headed honeyeater (and the brown honeyeater) occurred in the late wet season when nectar was scarce in the mangal but abundant in Melaleuca cajuputi fringing the mangal. Several resident species held permanent territories, while others apparently shifted landward during the wet season, possibly due to the wetter conditions created by freshwater runoff and high spring tides Many species showed strong associations with particular mangal zones. Large-billed gerygones, grey whistlers (Pachycephala simplex), shining flycatchers (Myiagra alecto) and mangrove fantails (Rhipidura phasiana) were associated with the Rhizophora zone at the wetter (more frequently inundated) end of the plot; mangrove robins (Eopsaltria pulverulenta) and mangrove gerygones (Gerygone laevigaster), were encountered most in the Ceriops zone; and green-backed gerygones (Gerygone chloronata) strongly favoured the dry landward edge. Four foraging guilds were evident among 13 of the most abundant species, the largest of which was the insectivorous foliage-foraging guild. Species in this group partitioned resources by differential selection of mangrove species, heights and foraging techniques. The tiny (6.4 g) mangrove gerygone was the most specialized species, spending 80% of its time on Avicennia marina. Contrary to the literature, breeding of mangal-dwelling birds peaked during the dry season. The ecology, evolution and biogeography of mangrove-endemic birds is reviewed in the light of this study and recent information from Western Australia.

Seed predation in a tropical mangrove forest: a test of the dominance-predation model in northern Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. McGuinness
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Ceriops Tagal ◽  
Preferred Species ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTStudies of predation on propagules of the mangroves Avicennia marina, Bruguiera exaristata, Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora stylosa were made in a forest in northern Australia to test the generality of the dominance-predation model. This model states that an inverse relationship exists between the dominance of a species in the canopy of mangrove forests and the rate of predation on the propagules of that species. Significant differences in predation were found among the four species, and among patches of forest dominated by the different species. Predators attacked more than 50% of the propagules of all species except R. stylosa, so are likely to significantly affect forest structure. The intensity of predation did not, however, vary as the dominance-predation model predicted. Instead, predation on the propagules of a species appeared to depend on the availability of propagules of other, more highly preferred, species.

Seasonal changes in biomass and shoot characteristics of a Zostera capricorni Aschers. Dominant meadow in Cairns Harbour, northern Queensland

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Below Ground

Spatial and temporal variability of Z. capricorni biomass, shoot characteristics (canopy height, surface area, flowering), distribution and detrital content were examined from December 1988 to December 1990. Between August 1987 and August 1991, 15% (2.0 ha) of the meadow was lost. Biomass of above- and below-ground structures showed a unimodal seasonal pattern with maxima in late spring (mean 194.92 g dry weight m-2 and 426.67 g DW m-2 respectively) and minima in winter (mean 28.72 g DW m-2 and 56.98 g DW m-2 respectively). Mean above-ground biomass (95.53 � 2.21 g DW m-2) was approximately half the mean below-ground biomass (177.28 � 4.49 g DW m-2). Leaf canopy heights were greatest between October and February (maximum 53.4 cm) and lowest around mid year (minimum 4.4 cm). Leaf surface area per square metre of seagrass meadow ranged from 10.28 to 1.39 m2 (mean 3,692 � 0.104 m2), and flowering occurred during September and October. Detrital biomass ranged from 339.73g DW m-2 to 11.83 g DW m-2 (mean 77.39 � 2.36 g DW m-2). Detrital biomass was higher during July-October and lower during February-May. The climate during the study was typical for the area, and all trials displayed similar seasonal patterns, although the amplitudes differed among some trials. The environmental parameters that may influence seagrass and detrital biomass were investigated. The best models explained only 14% of the variation in above-ground biomass, 15% of the variation in below-ground biomass, and 21% of the variation in detrital biomass. These models suggest that fluctuations in seagrass and detrital biomass in Cairns Harbour were influenced by changes in light availability, temperature, salinity and exposure.

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