Bunch rot of Rhine Riesling grapes in the lower south-west of Western Australia

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (103) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Barbetti
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Aureobasidium Pullulans ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Complete Elimination ◽  
South West ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bunch Rot ◽  
Lower South

A bunch rot disorder of Rhine Riesling grapes was investigated during the 1976-77 and 1977-78 seasons in south-west of Western Australia. Fungi isolated from immature berries at or just after flowering were not identical to those isolated from rotting berries at harvest. A wide range of fungi, including Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary) Arnaud, Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr., Rhizopus, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Alternaria spp., was isolated from rotted berries at harvest. More than 98% of rotting berries showed berry splitting or cracking, or both, at the pedicel end of the grape. Berry thinning of bunches by hand resulted in the almost complete elimination of berry splitting and cracking and a corresponding decline in bunch rot levels. The yield of unrotted bunches from the thinned vines was more than twice that for the unthinned ones; however, thinning reduced overall total vine yields by 63% compared with yields from unthinned vines.

Quantification of the susceptibility of the native flora of the South-West Botanical Province, Western Australia, to Phytophthora cinnamomi

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Shearer ◽  
C. E. Crane ◽  
A. Cochrane
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
National Park ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
The South ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Eucalyptus Marginata ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
South West ◽  
Wide Range

This study compares, for the first time, variation in estimates of susceptibility of native flora to Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands among four databases and proposes an estimate of the proportion of the flora of the South-West Botanical Province of Western Australia that is susceptible to the pathogen. Estimates of the susceptibility of south-western native flora to P. cinnamomi infection were obtained from databases for Banksia woodland of the Swan Coastal Plain, jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn. ex Smith) forest, the Stirling Range National Park and Rare and Threatened Flora of Western Australia. For the woodland, forest and national park databases, hosts were naturally infected in uncontrolled diverse natural environments. In contrast, threatened flora were artificially inoculated in a shadehouse environment. Considerable variation occurred within taxonomic units, making occurrence within family and genus poor predictors of species susceptibility. Identification of intra-specific resistance suggests that P. cinnamomi could be having a strong selection pressure on some threatened flora at infested sites and the populations could shift to more resistant types. Similar estimates of the proportion of species susceptible to P. cinnamomi among the databases from the wide range of environments suggests that a realistic estimate of species susceptibility to P. cinnamomi infection in the south-western region has been obtained. The mean of 40% susceptible and 14% highly susceptible equates to 2284 and 800 species of the 5710 described plant species in the South-West Botanical Province susceptible and highly susceptible to P. cinnamomi, respectively. Such estimates are important for determining the cost of disease to conservation values and for prioritising disease importance and research priorities. P. cinnamomi in south-western Australia is an unparalleled example of an introduced pathogen with a wide host range causing immense irreversible damage to unique, diverse but mainly susceptible plant communities.

Characteristics of nest trees and nest hollows used by the forest red-tailed black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii naso) in south-west Western Australia: comments on Johnstone et al. (2013)

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
K. R. Whitford ◽  
D. Wiseman ◽  
W. L. McCaw ◽  
F. J. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Eucalyptus Marginata ◽  
South West ◽  
Size And Age Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Management Context

Johnstone et al. (2013) (Pacific Conservation Biology 19, 122–141) make a substantial contribution to the knowledge of the forest red-tailed black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii naso) (FRTBC), presenting data on nest hollows and nest tree attributes. They discuss the threats to the current and future breeding hollows and conclude that ‘we are facing a major crisis in southern forests’. Although there are sound reasons for concern over the conservation of cockatoo species, the imminence of a crisis is not established by the data presented. We provide spatial and management context and present data relevant to discussion of threats to FRTBC hollows in south-west Western Australia. The primary strategy for providing habitat across the publicly owned forests is reservation, which formally excludes timber harvesting from more than 50% (1.3 million ha) of the forest, informally protects a further 11%, and protects habitat trees within harvested areas. Timber harvesting in these forests generally involves partial cutting, which retains trees of a wide range of size and age classes. A realistic minimum age for trees bearing hollows used by FRTBC in the jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest is ~120–150 years (trees diameters of 50–60 cm), well below the 209 years highlighted by Johnstone et al. (2013). Most nest hollows occur in intermediate-sized trees. Clustering of FRTBC nest trees was not demonstrated in their data but is worthy of further investigation. Improved estimates of nest tree availability and loss would provide perspective on the threats to FRTBC, as would knowledge of population size and age structure of the FRTBC. The protection of known nest trees and control of feral competitors, where possible, would benefit FRTBC.

Grape tendrils as an inoculum source of Botrytis cinerea in vineyards a review

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Mundy ◽  
R.H. Agnew ◽  
P.N. Wood
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Inoculum Sources ◽  
Inoculum Source ◽  
Major Disease ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bunch Rot ◽  
Considerable Damage

Botrytis cinerea is a fungus responsible for considerable damage to a wide range of crops worldwide including grapes Botrytis bunch rot caused by B cinerea is the major disease problem that must be managed by the New Zealand wine industry each season However the fungus is not easily managed as it can be both necrotrophic and saprophytic with a range of overwintering inoculum sources New Zealand grape growers have asked whether it is necessary to remove tendrils at the time of pruning in order to minimise botrytis bunch rot infection at harvest This review provides a summary of the information currently available on the importance of tendrils in the epidemiology of botrytis bunch rot under New Zealand conditions Gaps in knowledge and areas for further investigation are also identified

Survey of feral honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies for Nosema apis in Western Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Manning ◽  
Kate Lancaster ◽  
April Rutkay ◽  
Linda Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Nosema Apis ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Feral Populations ◽  
Significant Difference

The parasite, Nosema apis, was found to be widespread among feral populations of honey bees (Apis mellifera) in the south-west of Western Australia. The location, month of collection and whether the feral colony was enclosed in an object or exposed to the environment, all affected the presence and severity of infection. There was no significant difference in the probability of infection between managed and feral bees. However, when infected by N. apis, managed bees appeared to have a greater severity of the infection.

scholarly journals Our New Cathedrals: Spirituality and Old-Growth Forests in Western Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Worth
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
South West ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
Policy Proposals

Over the past 30 years in Western Australia (WA), there has been heated debate about the future use of the remaining karri and jarrah forests in the south-west of the State. This debate revolves around policy proposals from two social movements: one wants to preserve as much of the remaining old-growth forests as possible, and an opposing movement supports a continued

A Bayesian hierarchical downscaling model for south-west Western Australia rainfall

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Song ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
Bryson Bates ◽  
Christopher K. Wikle
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
South West
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