Modelling photosynthesis in flag leaves of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) considering the variation in photosynthesis parameters during development

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingsong Sun ◽  
Jindong Sun ◽  
Zhaozhong Feng
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Development ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Parameter Values

The Farquhar–von Caemmerer–Berry (FvCB) model of photosynthesis has been widely used to estimate the photosynthetic C flux of plants under different growth conditions. However, the seasonal fluctuation of some photosynthesis parameters (e.g. the maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco (Vcmax), the maximum electron transport rate (Jmax) and internal mesophyll conductance to CO2 transport (gm)) is not considered in the FvCB model. In this study, we investigated the patterns of the FvCB parameters during flag leaf development based on measured photosynthesis–intercellular CO2 curves in two cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Parameterised seasonal patterns of photosynthesis parameters in the FvCB model have subsequently been applied in order to predict the photosynthesis of flag leaves. The results indicate that the Gaussian curve characterises the dynamic patterns of Vcmax, Jmax and gm well. Compared with the model with fixed photosynthesis parameter values, updating the FvCB model by considering seasonal changes in Vcmax and Jmax during flag leaf development slightly improved predictions of photosynthesis. However, if the updated FvCB model incorporated the seasonal patterns of Vcmax and Jmax, and also of gm, predictions of photosynthesis was improved a lot, matching well with the measurements (R2 = 0.87, P < 0.0001). This suggests that the dynamics of photosynthesis parameters, particularly gm, play an important role in estimating the photosynthesis rate of winter wheat.

scholarly journals Naturally Occurring Ecdysteroids in Triticum aestivum L. and Evaluation of Fenarimol as a Potential Inhibitor of Their Biosynthesis in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2855
Author(s):  
Anna Janeczko ◽  
Jana Oklestkova ◽  
Danuše Tarkowská ◽  
Barbara Drygaś
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Potential Use

Ecdysteroids (ECs) are steroid hormones originally found in the animal kingdom where they function as insect molting hormones. Interestingly, a relatively high number of these substances can also be formed in plant cells. Moreover, ECs have certain regulatory effects on plant physiology, but their role in plants still requires further study. One of the main aims of the present study was to verify a hypothesis that fenarimol, an inhibitor of the biosynthesis of ECs in the animal kingdom, also affects the content of endogenous ECs in plants using winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. as a model plant. The levels of endogenous ECs in winter wheat, including the estimation of their changes during a course of different temperature treatments, have been determined using a sensitive analytical method based on UHPLC-MS/MS. Under our experimental conditions, four substances of EC character were detected in the tissue of interest in amounts ranging from less than 1 to over 200 pg·g−1 FW: 20-hydroxyecdysone, polypodine B, turkesterone, and isovitexirone. Among them, turkesterone was observed to be the most abundant EC and accumulated mainly in the crowns and leaves of wheat. Importantly, the level of ECs was observed to be dependent on the age of the plants, as well as on growth conditions (especially temperature). Fenarimol, an inhibitor of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, was shown to significantly decrease the level of naturally occurring ECs in experimental plants, which may indicate its potential use in studies related to the biosynthesis and physiological function of these substances in plants.

scholarly journals Effects of Potassium Silicate Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield in Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1127-1132
Author(s):  
Wubo Li ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Yunshuo Xu ◽  
Yan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Photosynthetic Characteristics ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Existence Time ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Effects of different dosages of potassium silicate fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of winter wheat under field conditions were studied. Four different dosages: 0, 45, 90 and 135kg/ha were applied. Results showed that the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaf firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of levels of potassium silicate fertilizer. By the change of SPAD values after flowering, when the application of potassium silicate fertilizer was 90 kg/ha, the existence time of chlorophyll in flag leaf was significantly long, and the net photosynthetic rate was significantly increased. The 1000-grain weight of winter wheat significantly increased and the yield the highest. Overall, when the applied amount of potassium silicate fertilizer was 90 kg/ha, the performances of winter wheat were best. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1127-1132, 2021 (December)

scholarly journals Photosynthetic and stomatal traits of spike and flag leaf of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under water deficit

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 687-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ding ◽  
D. Liu ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
J. Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stomatal Traits

GENOTYPIC VARIATION IN SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN WINTER WHEAT GROWN IN THE HUMID CONTINENTAL CLIMATE OF ONTARIO

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. AGUILAR-M. ◽  
L. A. HUNT
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Diffusive Resistance

Several experiments were conducted with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) during 1978 and 1979 to characterize genotypic variation in some physiological and morphological traits, and to evaluate the magnitude of the relationships between grain yield and the various traits studied. Straw weights of cultivars grown in Eastern Canada were similar to, and harvest indices generally lower than, those reported for high yielding varieties from other countries. Highest grain weights were also lower than the upper values recorded for some cultivars in the U.K. and Mexico, and were little affected by spikelet removal in most cases. All experiments were consistent in showing highly significant correlations between grain yield and grains per square metre, straw weight, harvest index, spikes per square metre, and flag leaf area index, and significant correlations between grain yield and grain weight. Diffusive resistance of the adaxial surface of the flag leaves differed between genotypes, but correlations between diffusive resistance and yield were low and nonsignificant in all cases, with the exception of the preanthesis period in one experiment.Key words: Wheat (winter), Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell., yield, physiological-morphological traits.

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