Contrasting and complex evolutionary histories within the terapontid grunter genus Hephaestus revealed by nuclear and mitochondrial genes

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Pusey ◽  
Andrew Bentley ◽  
Damien Burrows ◽  
Colton Perna ◽  
Aaron Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Cryptic Speciation ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Data ◽  
Wet Tropics ◽  
Gene Data

Contrasting evolutionary histories may be revealed by mitochondrial and nuclear information. Divergent New Guinean and eastern and western Australian lineages of Hephaestus fuliginosus (sooty grunter) were detected using mitochondrial data, with the extent of divergence consistent with cryptic speciation events. However, this phylogeographic pattern was not supported by nuclear gene data, and evidence for cryptic speciation appears driven almost entirely by introgression between H. fuliginosus and congeners on the periphery of its distribution (e.g. with H. tulliensis, H. jenkinsi or H. roemeri). Hephaestus fuliginosus is a single species with a complex evolutionary history. Introgression on the eastern coast is consistent with transfer of the mitochondrial genome of the resident species (H. tulliensis) to the invading species (H. fuliginosus) and may have provided the metabolic capacity for H. fuliginosus to spread into the cooler rainforest environment of the Wet Tropics region. Mitochondrial and nuclear analyses both identified the genus Hephaestus as polyphyletic with H. carbo and H. habbemai placed in a clade with Leiopotherapon unicolor and Amniataba percoides. The present study demonstrated the need to consider a variety of genetic information when assessing species identity in a widespread species and the need for a systematic revision of the genus and family as a whole.

Allopatric separation represents an overlooked cryptic species in theAnania hortulataspecies complex (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae): congruence between genetic and morphological evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaofu Yang ◽  
Jean-François Landry
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Morphological Differences

AbstractAnania hortulata(Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) is a strikingly coloured, common, and widespread species that has long been recognised as a single species widely distributed in Asia, Europe, and North America. Using a combination of molecular and morphometric data, this study resolved thatA. hortulatais actually a species complex of two superficially indistinguishable species. Phylogenetic and network analyses based on the mitochondrial COI gene discriminated lineages from all major geographical regions of China as distinct,A. sinensisYang and Landrynew species, whereasA. hortulataoccurs in Central Asia, Europe, and North America. Nuclear gene (CAD) and morphological differences in the genital characters provided further evidence for the separation ofA. hortulataandA. sinensis.

scholarly journals Systematic revision of the pocket gopher genus Orthogeomys

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Spradling ◽  
James W. Demastes ◽  
David J. Hafner ◽  
Paige L. Milbach ◽  
Fernando A. Cervantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Cranial Morphology ◽  
Ecological Diversity ◽  
Pocket Gopher ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
The Family

Abstract Pocket gophers of the genus Orthogeomys show unusually high morphological and ecological diversity compared to other genera in the family Geomyidae. Whereas this diverse group once was divided into 3 genera ( Merriam 1895 ), a revision by Russell (1968) recognized only Orthogeomys , with Merriam’s original genera relegated to subgeneric status as Heterogeomys , Macrogeomys , and Orthogeomys . Recent studies have called into question the monophyly of Orthogeomys , as well as the validity of 4 currently recognized Orthogeomys species. To date, the taxonomic validity of only 1 of these species has been verified ( Hafner et al. 2014 ). In this analysis, the first to include all 11 recognized species of the genus, we examine 3 mitochondrial and 2 nuclear gene sequences (4,352 base pairs) and analyze cranial morphology to explore relationships within the genus. Our data support a taxonomic revision that restricts the genus Orthogeomys to a single species ( O. grandis ) and combines the subgenera Heterogeomys and Macrogeomys into the resurrected genus, Heterogeomys (7 species). In addition, 3 currently recognized species of Orthogeomys are synonymized as follows: O. cuniculus with O. grandis ; H. thaeleri with H. dariensis ; and H. matagalpae with H. cherriei . A synonymy and a key to the species of the genera Orthogeomys and Heterogeomys are provided. Las tuzas del género Orthogeomys muestran una diversidad morfológica y ecológica inusual en comparación con otros géneros de la familia Geomyidae. Aunque este diverso grupo fue alguna vez dividido en 3 géneros ( Merriam 1895 ), la revisión de Russell (1968) reconoció solo a Orthogeomys , mientras que los géneros originales de Merriam fueron relegados a estatus subgenérico como Heterogeomys , Macrogeomys y Orthogeomys . Estudios recientes han cuestionado la monofilia de Orthogeomys , así como la validez de 4 de las especies actualmente reconocidas. A la fecha, la validez taxonómica de sólo una de estas especies ha sido verificada. En este análisis, el primero en incluir las 11 especies reconocidas en el género, examinamos secuencias de 3 genes mitocondriales y 2 nucleares y analizamos la morfología craneal para explorar las relaciones dentro del género. Nuestras 4,352 pares de bases de secuencias de ADN apoyan una revisión taxonómica que retiene al género Orthogeomys (incluyendo sólo a O. grandis ) y combina los subgéneros Heterogeomys y Macrogeomys en un género recuperado, Heterogeomys (7 especies). Además, 3 especies de Orthogeomys actualmente reconocidas son sinonimizadas de la siguiente forma: O. cuniculus con O. grandis ; H. thaeleri con H. dariensis ; y H. matagalpae con H. cherriei . Se incluye sinonimia y una clave para las especies de los géneros Orthogeomys y Heterogeomys .

scholarly journals The Genus Plagiothecium Schimp. (Plagiotheciaceae, Bryophyta) in Eurasia: An Annotated Checklist with Distribution and Ecological Data

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 868
Author(s):  
Grzegorz J. Wolski ◽  
Samar Nour-El-Deen ◽  
Alicja Cienkowska ◽  
Daniel Bożyk ◽  
Wagieh El-Saadawi
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Sectional Classification ◽  
Pleurocarpous Moss ◽  
Annotated Checklist

An annotated checklist of the pleurocarpous moss genus Plagiothecium in Eurasia is presented for the first time based on a thorough review of the literature. Data have been compiled from previous relevant works conducted on the genus over more than 70 years and published up to the end of June 2020 for 107 Eurasian countries (and islands). Sectional classification is based on molecular phylogeny of the genus published recently. A total of 41 taxa are reported, including 29 species and 12 infraspecific taxa (nine varieties and three forms) belonging to eight sections. The highest numbers of taxa were found in China (20 taxa), the Russian Federation (20 taxa) and Japan (18 taxa), while the smallest numbers of taxa were recorded in the Middle East, Central Asia and the islands area. Not a single species of Plagiothecium was recorded in 26 regions, whereas P. denticulatum, P. nemorale and P. cavifolium turned out to be the most widespread species in the entire study area. They were recorded in most of the surveyed countries and islands. For each accepted taxon, information on relevant literature, synonyms, distribution within Eurasia and globally are provided. Comments on each taxon, ecological preferences, and notes on doubtful records are also included. Additionally, distribution maps for each recognised taxon are supplied. This checklist can enlighten and foster a better understanding of the distribution, diversity, and ecology of Plagiothecium in Eurasia and provides an incentive for future research on the genus.

scholarly journals Climatic Refugia and Geographical Isolation Contribute to the Speciation and Genetic Divergence in Himalayan-Hengduan Tree Peonies (Paeonia delavayi and Paeonia ludlowii)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Juan Zhao ◽  
Gen-Shen Yin ◽  
Yue-Zhi Pan ◽  
Bo Tian ◽  
Xun Gong
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Isolation With Migration ◽  
Isolation By Environment ◽  
Paeonia Delavayi

Himalaya and Hengduan Mountains (HHM) is a biodiversity hotspot, and very rich in endemic species. Previous phylogeographical studies proposed different hypotheses (vicariance and climate-driven speciation) in explaining diversification and the observed pattern of extant biodiversity, but it is likely that taxa are forming in this area in species-specific ways. Here, we reexplored the phylogenetic relationship and tested the corresponding hypotheses within Paeonia subsect. Delavayanae composed of one widespread species (Paeonia delavayi) and the other geographically confined species (Paeonia ludlowii). We gathered genetic variation data at three chloroplast DNA fragments and one nuclear gene from 335 individuals of 34 populations sampled from HHM. We performed a combination of population genetic summary statistics, isolation-with-migration divergence models, isolation by environment, and demographic history analyses. We found evidence for the current taxonomic treatment that P. ludlowii and P. delavayi are two different species with significant genetic differentiation. The significant isolation by environment was revealed within all sampled populations but genetic distances only explained by geographical distances within P. delavayi populations. The results of population divergence models and demographic history analyses indicated a progenitor–derivative relationship and the Late Quaternary divergence without gene flow between them. The coalescence of all sampled cpDNA haplotypes could date to the Late Miocene, and P. delavayi populations probably underwent a severe bottleneck in population size during the last glacial period. Genetic variation in Paeonia subsect. Delavayanae is associated with geographical and environmental distances. These findings point to the importance of geological and climatic changes as causes of the speciation event and lineage diversification within Paeonia subsect. Delavayanae.

Generating single-copy nuclear gene data for a recent adaptive radiation

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justen B. Whittall ◽  
Andrew Medina-Marino ◽  
Elizabeth A. Zimmer ◽  
Scott A. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Single Copy Nuclear Gene ◽  
Gene Data

Mitosis and Interphase of the Highly Polyploid Palm Voanioalagerardii (2n = 606 ± 3)

2015 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Röser
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fluorochrome Banding ◽  
Dna Amount ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
High Polyploid ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Gene Data ◽  
First Time

The endemic, highly polyploid, monotypic Madagascan palm genus Voanioala (2n ≈ 606) was studied with regard to mitotic stages and interphase. Features of the cell cycle, morphology and sizes of metaphase chromosomes, fluorochrome banding patterns, and silver staining of NORs of such an extremely high polyploid organism are reported for the first time. On a whole, karyokinesis appears to be stable and efficient. A comparison with closely related palm taxa reveals that V. gerardii is 38-ploid, and comparison with the closely related genera Butia, Cocos (coconut) and Jubaea shows that Voanioala has lost ∼35% of its DNA amount subsequent to polyploidization and has suppressed between 74 and 88% of the original nucleolar organizers. About 10 active NORs are present in the nuclei. An auto- or allopolyploid origin of Voanioala is discussed with respect to currently available nuclear gene data. The biogeographic relations to Jubaeopsis, a closely related, monotypic, apparently likewise relict palm genus from eastern mainland South Africa are discussed. From a cytogenetic point of view, a common polyploid ancestor of both genera is most likely, but the available molecular phylogenetic data are not univocal.

Systematic revision of the widespread species Sarcodia ceylanica (Sarcodiaceae, Rhodophyta) in the Indo-Pacific Oceans, including S. suiae sp. nov.

Phycologia ◽  
10.2216/16-31 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conxi Rodríguez-Prieto ◽  
Olivier De Clerck ◽  
Taiju Kitayama ◽  
Showe-Mei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Widespread Species

scholarly journals Two new frog species (Microhylidae: Cophixalus) from the Australian Wet Tropics region, and redescription of Cophixalus ornatus

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3271 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CONRAD J. HOSKIN
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Mating Call ◽  
The Family ◽  
Wet Tropics ◽  
Multiple Species

In Australia the frog family Microhylidae is largely restricted to tropical rainforests of the Wet Tropics region in the north-east of the country, but in that region the family is diverse. Only one species, Cophixalus ornatus, is widespread in the WetTropics but there has been suspicion that it may comprise multiple species. A recent study (Hoskin et al. 2011) assessedgenetic and phenotypic variation across the range of C. ornatus, finding three deeply divergent genetic lineages that differin mating call and some aspects of morphology. Two of these lineages abutt in the central Wet Tropics and in that areahybridization was found to be very limited despite sympatry at high densities. Based on multiple lines of data, Hoskin etal. (2011) concluded that the three genetic lineages represent biological species. The taxonomy of these three lineages isresolved here. I describe two new species, Cophixalus australis sp. nov. and Cophixalus hinchinbrookensis sp. nov., andredescribe C. ornatus. The three species are not distinguishable based on any single morphological or call trait and arebest identified by genetics or locality. The distributions of the three species are largely allopatric. Cophixalus ornatus isfound in rainforest in the northern Wet Tropics, C. australis sp. nov. occurs in rainforest and adjacent wet sclerophyllforests in the central and southern Wet Tropics, and C. hinchinbrookensis sp. nov. inhabits rainforest and montane heathon Hinchinbrook Island. All three species are common. Cophixalus australis sp. nov. contains three genetic subgroupsthat are considered a single species based on phenotypic similarity and high levels of hybridization at contact zones. Thedescription of Cophixalus australis sp. nov. and Cophixalus hinchinbrookensis sp. nov. brings the number of Australian Cophixalus species to 18, 15 of which are restricted to the Wet Tropics region.

Detection of two cryptic taxa in Meristogenys amoropalamus (Amphibia, Ranidae) through nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analyses

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1843 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOMOHIKO SHIMADA ◽  
MASAFUMI MATSUI ◽  
PAUL YAMBUN ◽  
MAKLARIN LAKIM ◽  
MARYATI MOHAMED
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
Deep Coalescence ◽  
Pomc Gene ◽  
Cryptic Taxa ◽  
Rag 1

We identified three distinct sympatric lineages of frogs among specimens previously considered a single species (Meris- togenys amoropalamus Matsui), based on 909 bp of mitochondrial DNA (12S rRNA and cytochrome b). To seek evidence of reproductive isolation between these lineages, we first analyzed a 249-bp fragment of the nuclear proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene and found five haplotypes, of which two were limited to lineage 1 and three belonged to lineages 3 and 4. In a subsequent phylogenetic analysis of a 1313-bp fragment of nuclear POMC, Rag-1, and rhodopsin, lineage 1 was again distinct, while lineages 3 and 4 could not be differentiated. The results of the nuclear gene analyses suggest that lineage 1 is strongly isolated reproductively from lineages 3 and 4, which are not isolated from each other. This conclusion conforms to groupings based on larval morphology. These results indicate that frogs morphologically identified as M. amoropalamus should be split into two sympatric species, one of which contains two mitochondrial lineages that have presumably been retained via deep coalescence.

A plethora of planigales: genetic variability and cryptic species in a genus of dasyurid marsupials from northern Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Westerman ◽  
Mark J. Blacket ◽  
Ashley Hintz ◽  
Kyle Armstrong ◽  
Patricia A. Woolley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Genetic Lineages

Multiple mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences reveal substantial genetic variation within the dasyurid marsupial genus Planigale, suggesting greater taxonomic diversity than is currently recognised. To further investigate planigale relationships 116 new mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences, including 16 new specimens, were added to our database. We confirm the presence of an unrecognised species (Planigale ‘species 1’) limited to the Pilbara region of Western Australia and suggest that the ‘Mt Tom Price’ animals may be closely related to Planigale ingrami subtilissima. We also confirm that at least four distinct genetic lineages make up what is currently recognised as P. maculata. This complex of closely related taxa represents a radiation of sibling species rather than a single, genetically diverse one. Three of these lineages (M1 + M2, M3 and M4) are distributed sympatrically across the Top End of Australia and one (M5 = P. maculata sensu stricto) is localised to the eastern coast of Australia. Within the Planigale ingrami complex, Planigale ‘Mt Tom Price’ (lineage Ing. 1) occurs in the Pilbara in sympatry with Planigale ‘species 1’ and lineage Ing. 2 is found in the Northern Territory in sympatry with species of the P. maculata complex. There is thus a plethora of northern Australian planigales, many of which are formally undescribed and whose geographic ranges require careful re-evaluation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document