Factors affecting reproductive performance of white-tailed deer subjected to fixed-time artificial insemination or natural mating

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Mellado ◽  
Claudia G. Orta ◽  
Eloy A. Lozano ◽  
Jose E. García ◽  
Francisco G. Veliz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Subsequent Period ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Game Hunting

The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of several factors affecting fawning rate, litter size, litter weight and neonatal fawn mortality in white-tailed deer inseminated either transcervically or by means of laparoscopy. Oestrus synchronisation with a controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-based protocol and fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) was conducted in 130 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus texanus) during three reproductive seasons (2007–2009; 271 services) in a game-hunting ranch in a hot–arid environment (26°4′ N, 101°25′ W). Ninety additional non-treated does were exposed to bucks for natural mating. Fawning rate did not differ between AI methods (40.0 vs 45.0% for transcervical and laparoscopic AI, respectively). Overall fawning rate (proportion of all does fawning after FTAI and a subsequent period of buck exposure) did not differ between transcervical (89.5%), laparoscopic (80.3%) or natural (88.9%) insemination. Litter size per fawning doe was higher (P<0.05) in naturally-served does (1.65±0.48) than in transcervically-inseminated does (1.40±0.51) or in laparoscopically-inseminated does (1.48±0.50). The main conclusion was that no enhancement of fawning rate or litter size occurred as a result of intrauterine deposition of semen by laparoscopy compared with the transcervical insemination technique.

scholarly journals Effect of lighting schedule, intensity, and colour on reproductive performance of rabbit does

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Yingjie Wu ◽  
Ang Zhao ◽  
Yinghe Qin
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
White Light ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Size At Birth

<p>In order to establish a lighting regime suitable for rabbit farms in East China, the effects of lighting schedule, intensity and colour on the reproductive performance of rabbit does were evaluated by three experiments, respectively. In experiment 1, does were exposed to different lighting schedules: 16L:8D-continuous, 16L:8D-18d (6 d before artificial insemination (AI) to 12 d post-AI), 16L:8D-6d (6 d before AI to the day of AI) and 12L:12D-continuous. In experiment 2, does were exposed to different light intensities: 40 lx, 60 lx, 80 lx and 120 lx. In experiment 3, does were exposed to different light colours: white, yellow, blue and red. For all experiments, conception rate, kindling rate and pre-weaning mortality were calculated; litter size at birth, litter weight at birth, litter size at weaning, litter weight at weaning and individual kit weight at weaning were recorded. Results showed that none of the reproductive parameters of does were affected by the application of 16L:8D-18d lighting schedule compared with the continuous 16L:8D group(<em>P</em>&gt;0.05). Moreover, rabbits does exposed to 80 lx light performed as well as those under 120 lx light in conception rate, kindling rate, litter size (total and alive) at birth and litter weight at birth (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05). Furthermore, the exposures of 60 lx and 80 lx light were beneficial for litter weight at weaning. In addition, red light had a positive effect, as it led to a larger litter size and litter weight at weaning and lower pre-weaning mortality than white light (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). In summary, a 16L:8D photoperiod with 80 lx red light from 6 d before AI to 12 d post-AI is recommended for use in breeding of rabbit does according to our results.</p>

Reproductive performance of four exotic breeds of rabbit under different mating systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
O.A Jimoh ◽  
E.O. Ewuola
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Natural Mating

Four exotic breeds of rabbit were subjected to two mating systems to assess their productivity. A preliminary investigation to assess suitability of oestrus synchronisation in rabbits does, using twelve does each of Fauve de Bourgogne, Chinchilla, British Spot and New Zealand White. Thereafter, 60 and 90 does each of Fauve de Bourgogne, Chinchilla, British Spot and New Zealand White were copulated within breed using natural mating and artificial insemination (AI), respectively following oestrus synchronisation in 3 mating cycles each. The does were randomly allotted to experimental units in a completely randomised design. Parameters assessed include fertility rate, litter size and productivity index at birth. The litter size of does subjected to oestrus synchronization were significantly (p<0.05) higher than non-synchronised does. For natural mating, fertility rate obtained across the breeds showed that Chinchilla had the significantly (p<0.05) highest value. Productivity index at birth of New Zealand White does was significantly (p<0.05) highest, while all other three breeds were similar. For AI, fertility rate of Chinchilla was significantly (p<0.05) highest across the breeds. Productivity index at birth of Fauve de Bourgogne and Chinchilla were significantly (p<0.05) higher than other breeds. Oestrus synchronization improved conception and kindling rates of does and Chinchilla had the highest fertility rate at both mating system.

scholarly journals PMSG Pretreatment Before Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination Improves the Reproductive Performance in Replacement Gilts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Zhao ◽  
Chenyu Tao ◽  
Qiaoli Wei ◽  
Zhiwei Zhu ◽  
Longyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background: Fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) uses exogenous reproductive hormones to regulate the sexual cycle of sows and realize the mating of pigs at a fixed-time without estrus identification. There is a great difference in litter size following FTAI, which may be due to the ovarian status before treatment. However, the specific underlying mechanism remains unclear.Results: We selected replacement gilts (n=104) and divided them into four groups: CON (n=35), EST (n=16), pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG)-15D (n=26), and PMSG-20D (n=27). The PMSG-15D and PMSG-20D groups were pretreated with PMSG for 15 and 20 days, respectively. The four groups were then subjected to the same FTAI treatment. Pretreatment with PMSG causes ovulation in the gilts, to artificially promote an estrus cycle. At 42 hours after ALT feeding stopped, The follicular diameter of PMSG-15D group (2.94±0.24 mm) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the other groups.，and the proportion of gilts with follicular diameter greater than 3 mm in the PMSG-15D group was significantly higher than that in the CON group (37.50% vs 5.88%). The maximum follicular diameter before ovulation in the PMSG-15D group (6.28±0.23 mm) was significantly larger (P<0.05) than that of the PMSG-20D group (5.98±0.59 mm) and EST group (5.60±0.47 mm), indicating that the follicular development of the PMSG-15D group was better than that of the other groups. The ovulation time of the PMSG-15D group was concentrated on the 25th to 26th day of FTAI. The ovulation rate was as high as 94.5% in the optimal insemination window period and was more suitable for FTAI. Compared with the CON (52.70±12.71 h) and the PMSG-20D (47.88±13.98 h) groups, the GnRH to ovulation interval (42.33±5.87 h) was significantly shortened in the PMSG-15D group. The level of follicle-stimulating hormone of gilts in the PMSG-15D group was more uniform and significantly lower than that in the CON group (P<0.01) at 42 h after Altrenogest feeding. The pregnancy rate (80.77%), total litter size (10.44±2.83), and live litter size (10.00±2.61) of the PMSG-15D group were higher than those of the other groups.Conclusions: We feasibly optimized FTAI using PMSG pretreatments. When the ovaries of replacement gilts were in the luteal stage owing to PMSG pretreatment for 15 days, the follicular development and reproductive performance of replacement gilts were significantly improved.

scholarly journals Effects on Synchronization and Reproductive Efficiency of Delaying the Removal of the Intravaginal Progesterone Device by 24 h in the 5d Co-synch Protocol in Heifers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Aitor Fernandez-Novo ◽  
Sergio Santos-Lopez ◽  
Jose Luis Pesantez-Pacheco ◽  
Natividad Pérez-Villalobos ◽  
Ana Heras-Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Animal Management ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Beef Herds ◽  
Farm Economics

In beef herds, increasing animal welfare, improving reproductive performance and easing animal management are key goals in farm economics. We explored whether delaying the removal of the intravaginal progesterone device by 24 h in heifers synchronized with a 5d Co-synch 72-h protocol could improve reproductive efficiency of fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). In experiment 1, we examined the total synchronization rate (TSR) in cycling Holstein heifers. Heifers (13.4 ± 0.69 mo.) were randomly assigned to the standard 5d Co-synch 56-h protocol (5dCo56; n = 10), 5d Co-synch 72-h (5dCo72; n = 17), or the modified 5d Co-synch 72-h protocol, in which removal of the progesterone device was delayed by 24 h (6dCo48; n = 19). In experiment 2, 309 cycling beef heifers on 18 commercial farms were subjected to the 5d Co-synch 72-h or 6-d Co-synch 48-h protocol and conception rate (CR) studied. In experiment 1, the three protocols led no differences on TSRs of 80.0% (5dCo56), 88.2% (5dCo72), and 89.5% (6dCo48). In experiment 2, the CR from the beef heifers, observed during two consecutive reproductive seasons did not differ: 59.7% for 5dCo72 and 62.0% for 6dCo48 (p = 0.907). Therefore, delaying removal by 24 h provides satisfactory results without reducing reproductive efficiency of heifers.

COMPARISON OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION AND NATURAL MATING ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF FIVE STRAINS OF SHEEP DURING THE ANESTROUS SEASON IN AN INTENSIVE SYSTEM

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. HACKETT ◽  
H. A. ROBERTSON ◽  
E. K. INSKEEP ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
M. S. WOLYNETZ
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Mating Method ◽  
Intensive System

Synchronized estrus and ovulation were induced during the anestrous season (April–May 1974) in 373 ewes of three synthetic (one sire and two dam) strains and two unselected (Suffolk and Finnish Landrace) purebred strains by treatment with 30 mg fluorogestone acetate (FGA) impregnated in polyurethane intravaginal sponges for 12 days. Following sponge removal each ewe received 500 IU pregnant mares’ serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) IM. Of these, 167 were bred by artificial insemination (AI) at 48 and 60 h post sponge removal with 0.2 ml raw unextended semen collected by electroejaculation (EE). Five days after AI, ewes were exposed to a follow up ram for 16 days for subsequent mating if a second estrus occurred. The remaining 206 were exposed to rams for a period of 22 days for natural mating. Blood samples were collected from 69 ewes, 9, 19 and 27 days post sponge removal and analyzed for progesterone to ascertain if corpora lutea were formed and whether the ewes recycled. The age of ram by mating method interaction significantly affected both fertility and fecundity mainly because some of the younger rams lacked libido and experience for natural mating. There were no significant differences in prolificacy due to any of the main effects tested. Among the 69 ewes examined for progesterone levels, 93% had formed corpora lutea after hormone treatment and 16% recycled. Only 16 of the 255 ewes that did not conceive to the synchronized estrus lambed to the subsequent estrus.

scholarly journals The influence of adding estradiol to semen on reproductive performance of sows

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 589-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Kirkwood ◽  
P. A. Thacker
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
And Control ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

One hundred gilts and one hundred mixed-parity sows of Yorkshire and Landrace breeding were inseminated with semen with or without an additional 10 μg estradiol-17β. Pregnancy rates of gilts receiving estradiol-supplemented and control semen were 90 and 79%, respectively (P < 0.09). The estradiol supplementation of semen did not improve the pregnancy rates or litter size in sows. Key words: Swine, artificial insemination, estradiol

scholarly journals Effect of parity on reproductive performance sows of different breeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-441
Author(s):  
R. Klimas ◽  
A. Klimienė ◽  
W. Sobotka ◽  
W. Kozera ◽  
P. Matusevičius
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Piglet Survival

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of parity on reproductive performance by sows of different breeds. The sows were raised on three farms, and had seven or more litters of not fewer than seven piglets. A total of 1511 litters from various parities of Lithuanian White (N =721), Large White (N = 162) and Landrace (N = 628) sows were contained in the data that were used in this study. Multiparous sows had larger litters than primiparous sows. Piglet survival rate declined from parity 7. An increase in litter size was observed until parity 5 in Large White and until parity 6 in improved Lithuanian White (P <0.05). In comparison with parity 1, Landrace sows up to parity 5 showed not only increased prolificacy, but also increased number and litter weight of piglets at 21 days old, and the number and litter weight of weaned piglets (P <0.01). The current findings indicate that sows of these breeds can be used effectively in breeding herds until parity 5 and parity 6.Keywords: Landrace, Large White, Lithuanian White, litter size

The influence of purified porcine relaxin on the reproductive performance of sows following artificial insemination with fresh or frozen semen

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
A. D. Gooneratne ◽  
R. N. Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Frozen Semen

Pregnancy rates and litter sizes following insemination of sows with fresh-extended and frozen-thawed semen averaged 71 vs. 53% and 10.6 vs. 4.4, respectively, and was not affected by the addition of 12.5 μg relaxin to semen. These results indicate no relaxin mediated effect on either pregnancy rate or litter size when sows are artificially inseminated with relaxin-supplemented semen. Key words: Artificial insemination, relaxin, sows

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Days to Conception, Litter Size and Litter Weight of Intensively Managed Canarian Hair Sheep

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
L. A. Bermejo ◽  
M. Mellado ◽  
J. Mata ◽  
J. R. Arévalo ◽  
L. De Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Intensively Managed
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