COMPARISON OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION AND NATURAL MATING ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF FIVE STRAINS OF SHEEP DURING THE ANESTROUS SEASON IN AN INTENSIVE SYSTEM

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. HACKETT ◽  
H. A. ROBERTSON ◽  
E. K. INSKEEP ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
M. S. WOLYNETZ
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Mating Method ◽  
Intensive System

Synchronized estrus and ovulation were induced during the anestrous season (April–May 1974) in 373 ewes of three synthetic (one sire and two dam) strains and two unselected (Suffolk and Finnish Landrace) purebred strains by treatment with 30 mg fluorogestone acetate (FGA) impregnated in polyurethane intravaginal sponges for 12 days. Following sponge removal each ewe received 500 IU pregnant mares’ serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) IM. Of these, 167 were bred by artificial insemination (AI) at 48 and 60 h post sponge removal with 0.2 ml raw unextended semen collected by electroejaculation (EE). Five days after AI, ewes were exposed to a follow up ram for 16 days for subsequent mating if a second estrus occurred. The remaining 206 were exposed to rams for a period of 22 days for natural mating. Blood samples were collected from 69 ewes, 9, 19 and 27 days post sponge removal and analyzed for progesterone to ascertain if corpora lutea were formed and whether the ewes recycled. The age of ram by mating method interaction significantly affected both fertility and fecundity mainly because some of the younger rams lacked libido and experience for natural mating. There were no significant differences in prolificacy due to any of the main effects tested. Among the 69 ewes examined for progesterone levels, 93% had formed corpora lutea after hormone treatment and 16% recycled. Only 16 of the 255 ewes that did not conceive to the synchronized estrus lambed to the subsequent estrus.

Effect of natural mating or laparoscopic artificial insemination in superovulated Santa Inês ewes on superovulatory response, fertility and embryo viability

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. M. Lima ◽  
J. F. Fonseca ◽  
M. F. A. Balaro ◽  
L. V. Esteves ◽  
F. O. Ascoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Embryo Yield ◽  
Fertilisation Rate ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Santa Inês

This study evaluated the effect of two mating methods (GNM: natural mating or GAI: laparoscopic artificial insemination) on superovulatory response, fertility and embryo yield in superovulated ewes. Fifteen non-pregnant Santa Inês ewes were superovulated and either mated by GNM or GAI in a crossover design. Oestrus was synchronised using intravaginal progestagen sponges for 6 days and on Day 5, 300 IU eCG and 0.0375 mg d-cloprostenol were given. Twelve hours after sponge removal, 0.025 mg gonadotropin-releasing hormone was administered. Superovulation started 48 h after gonadotropin-releasing hormone treatment, using 5 IU/kg follicle-stimulating hormone (pFSH). At the first pFSH dose, new sponges were inserted. At the fifth dose, 0.0375 mg cloprostenol was administered and the sponges were removed. The GNM was mated with rams every 12 h, until the end of oestrus. The ewes of GAI were laparoscopic inseminated with frozen–thawed semen 36 and 48 h after sponge removal. Ultrasonography was performed every 24 h from the beginning of oestrus synchronisation treatment and every 12 h from the second sponge removal to 2 days after the last pFSH dose. Six to seven days after mating, the number of corpora lutea (CL) was evaluated by laparoscopy and the females with > 4 CL were subjected to embryo collection. The interval from sponge removal to ovulation was shorter (P < 0.05) in the GNM. The overall superovulatory response was 63.3% (19/30), with 60.0% and 66.7% in GNM and GAI, respectively (P > 0.05). The number of recovered structures (6.4 ± 2.4 vs 4.5 ± 3.0), recovery rate (74.0 ± 16.0 vs 52.3 ± 26.5%), number of transferable embryos (3.0 ± 2.9 vs 3.6 ± 2.0) and viability rate (47.2 ± 45.3 vs 77.4 ± 37.1%) did not differ between GAI and GNM (P > 0.05). However, the GAI group showed a higher (P < 0.05) number of unfertilised oocytes (3.1 ± 3.1) and a higher non-fertilisation rate (47.1 ± 45.3%) than the GNM (0.9 ± 2.1 and 11.5 ± 21.5%). The mating method did not affect the superovulatory response, and production of viable embryos although the non-fertilisation rate has been inferior for the AI group.

Contribution of boars to reproductive performance and paternity after homospermic and heterospermic artificial insemination

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. R. Ferreira ◽  
D. B. Sávio ◽  
A. C. Guarise ◽  
M. J. Flach ◽  
G. D. A. Gastal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Precise Evaluation ◽  
Umbilical Cords ◽  
Farrowing Rate

Heterospermic AI is commonly used in swine despite preventing precise evaluation of individual boar fertility. The present study compared the contribution of four boars (A, B, C and D) for reproductive performance and for paternity using homospermic and heterospermic (AB, AC, AD, BC, BD and CD) AI (n = 204 for homospermic AI; n = 307 for heterospermic AI). Blood samples from the four boars, from all sows inseminated with heterospermic doses and from the umbilical cords of their piglets, as well as tissue smears from mummified fetuses, were genotyped using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Differences among boars were detected for the in vitro oocyte penetration rate and for the number of spermatozoa per oocyte (P < 0.05), but not for sperm motility, mitochondrial functionality and integrity of the membrane, acrosome and DNA (P > 0.05). Homospermic and heterospermic AI resulted in similar (P > 0.05) farrowing rates (90.5% and 89.9%, respectively) and total litter size (12.4 ± 0.4 and 12.7 ± 0.7, respectively). Farrowing rate was lower for Boar B than for Boar C (P < 0.05), but no other differences in reproductive performance among boars were observed with homospermic AI. The SNPs determined the paternity of 94.2% of the piglets sired by heterospermic AI. In the AC pool, paternity contribution per boar was similar (P > 0.05), but differences between boars occurred in all other pools (P < 0.05). Boar D achieved the greatest paternity contribution in all pools and parity categories (nearly 60%), whereas Boar B sired the fewest piglets (at most 40%). Reproductive performance was similar with homospermic and heterospermic AI, but differences in performance among boars undetected with homospermic AI were only evident after genotyping the piglets sired through heterospermic AI.

Factors affecting reproductive performance of white-tailed deer subjected to fixed-time artificial insemination or natural mating

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Mellado ◽  
Claudia G. Orta ◽  
Eloy A. Lozano ◽  
Jose E. García ◽  
Francisco G. Veliz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Subsequent Period ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Game Hunting

The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of several factors affecting fawning rate, litter size, litter weight and neonatal fawn mortality in white-tailed deer inseminated either transcervically or by means of laparoscopy. Oestrus synchronisation with a controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-based protocol and fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) was conducted in 130 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus texanus) during three reproductive seasons (2007–2009; 271 services) in a game-hunting ranch in a hot–arid environment (26°4′ N, 101°25′ W). Ninety additional non-treated does were exposed to bucks for natural mating. Fawning rate did not differ between AI methods (40.0 vs 45.0% for transcervical and laparoscopic AI, respectively). Overall fawning rate (proportion of all does fawning after FTAI and a subsequent period of buck exposure) did not differ between transcervical (89.5%), laparoscopic (80.3%) or natural (88.9%) insemination. Litter size per fawning doe was higher (P&lt;0.05) in naturally-served does (1.65±0.48) than in transcervically-inseminated does (1.40±0.51) or in laparoscopically-inseminated does (1.48±0.50). The main conclusion was that no enhancement of fawning rate or litter size occurred as a result of intrauterine deposition of semen by laparoscopy compared with the transcervical insemination technique.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF NATURAL MATING AND ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF THREE STRAINS OF SHEEP HOUSED IN TOTAL CONFINEMENT

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. HACKETT ◽  
M. S. WOLYNETZ
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Artificial Vagina

The reproductive performance (fertility, prolificacy and fecundity) of confined sheep was measured following natural mating or artificial insemination (AI) with 0.1 mL of unextended semen collected by artificial vagina or by electroejaculation. The estrous cycles of the ewes were synchronized in late summer using intravaginal sponges impregnated with fluorogestone acetate. Pregnant mares' serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) was administered intramuscularly to approximately half of the ewes. There was no significant difference in the reproductive performance of ewes bred by natural mating (45%) or AI (30%) or between the two methods of semen collection (30 vs. 29%). Fertility was greater (P < 0.05) in ewes treated with PMSG (33 vs. 11%) mainly because of a tendency for higher fertility in ewes bred by AI. PMSG also significantly (P < 0.01) increased prolificacy and fecundity, 1.8 vs. 1.5 and 58 vs. 16%, respectively.

EFFECTS OF UTERINE INFUSION OF NONVIABLE SEMEN, SEMINAL PLASMA OR EGG ALBUMEN PRIOR TO BREEDING ON THE REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY OF GILTS OR SOWS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. GILES ◽  
L. H. THOMPSON ◽  
S. ARKINS ◽  
T. CAMACHO ◽  
P. A. EICHEN
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Egg Albumen

In two different experiments crossbred gilts and(or) sows were used to investigate the effects of uterine exposure (prior to breeding) to nonviable semen (NS), seminal plasma (SP) or egg albumen (EA) on reproductive performance. Treatment solutions were infused via the cervix at estrus in gilts or within 2 d post-partum in sows. Females were artificially inseminated at the subsequent estrus. In the first experiment pregnancy rates for gilts infused with Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) as controls, NS or EA and subsequently inseminated, were 76, 85 and 54%, respectively, and were not significantly different among treatment groups. The number of total embryos (adjusted for number of corpora lutea) present at 38 d postinsemination was 9.6, 9.0 and 9.6, respectively, for BTS, ND and EA infused gilts and was not significantly different. Likewise, the number of live and dead embryos was not different among treatments. In the second experiment, the proportions of inseminated sows infused with BTS, NS or SP that subsequently farrowed were 87, 84 and 92%, respectively, and did not differ significantly among treatments. No significant differences were detected for the number of total, live or dead pigs born per litter among treatments. We conclude that uterine exposure to seminal proteins or egg albumen prior to breeding does not alter reproductive performance in gilts by 38 d of gestation. Also, the infusion of seminal proteins in sows shortly after parturition does not affect pregnancy rates or litter size at the subsequent farrowing. Key words: Reproductive efficiency, litter size, swine, artificial insemination

Reproductive performance in the Sheep CRC Information Nucleus using artificial insemination across different sheep-production environments in southern Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 715 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Geenty ◽  
F. D. Brien ◽  
G. N. Hinch ◽  
R. C. Dobos ◽  
G. Refshauge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Birth Type

The present paper covers reproductive performance in an artificial-insemination (AI) program of the Sheep CRC Information Nucleus with 24 699 lambs born at eight locations in southern Australia across five lambings between 2007 and 2011. Results from AI with frozen semen compared well with industry standards for natural mating. Conception rates averaged 72%, and 1.45 lambs were born per ewe pregnant for Merino ewes and 1.67 for crossbreds. Lamb deaths averaged 21% for Merino ewes and 15% for crossbreds and 19%, 22% and 20% for lambs from ewes that were mated to terminal, Merino and maternal sire types, respectively. Net reproductive rates were 82% for Merino ewes and 102% for crossbreds. From 3198 necropsies across 4 years, dystocia and starvation-mismothering accounted for 72% of lamb deaths within 5 days of lambing. Major risk factors for lamb mortality were birth type (single, twin or higher order), birthweight and dam breed. Losses were higher for twin and triplet lambs than for singles and there was greater mortality at relatively lighter and heavier birthweights. We conclude that reproductive rate in this AI program compared favourably with natural mating. Lamb birthweight for optimum survival was in the 4–8-kg range. Crossbred ewes had greater reproductive efficiency than did Merinos.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of reproductive performance of artificially inseminated and naturally mated Nigeria indigenous hens treated with clomiphene citrate

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
S. M. O. C. Urom
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Group B

The research was conducted for 90 days using 96 and 16 Nigeria indigenous hens and cocks respectively sexually matured (24 and 26 weeks old) to comparatively evaluate the effect of clomiphene citrate on the reproductive performance of Nigerian indigenous birds. The birds were divided into 2 groups of 48 hens per group respectively as group Aand group B. Group A were artificially inseminated while group B birds were naturally mated. Each group was divided into 4 treatment groups of 12 hens per treatment. Clomiphene citrate was administered at 0mg (control), 10mg, 20mg and 30mg levels to the treatment groups represented as T1AI T2AI T3AI and T4AI and T1NM , T2NU , T3NN and T4NM for artificially inseminated and Naturally mated hens respectively and T1C T2C T3C and T4C for the cocks. The birds were fed adlibitum with breeder's mash for hens and growers mash for cock while water was served regularly. Seven days after clomiphene citrate was administered. Birds for natural mating were paired with their respective cocks according to their treatment groups, while those for artificial insemination were inseminated using cocks in the same treatment group. The ration was 2:12. The result of this study indicated higher productivity in artificially inseminated hens between (50-76 eggs) than naturally mated hens which produce between 42-63 eggs within this period. Artificial insemination also showed higher fertility of (62 to 85.25%) than the naturally mated that recorded between 34.88% to 78.5% fertility but the naturally mated recorded hatchability of between 53.35% and 90.90% while artificially inseminated hens recorded between 46.15% and 90.32%. Artificial inseminated birds recorded between 3.7% and 33.85% and 3.57% and 20.15% dead in germ and dead in shell respectively, while naturally mated hens recorded between 3.78% and 19.21%, and 2.01% and 15.79% in dead in germ and dead in shell respectively. The result of this study shows that artificial inseminated birds treated with clomiphene citrate encourages egg production and fertility.

scholarly journals The effects of natural mating and artificial insemination using cryopreserved buck semen on reproductive performance in Alpine goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dehouegnon Jerry Agossou ◽  
Nazan Koluman
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

Abstract. This study compared the effects of natural mating and artificial insemination using frozen buck semen on reproductive performance in Alpine goats. Sixty reproductive Alpine goats were grouped according to natural mating (n=30) and artificial insemination (n=30) breeding methods. Oestrus was synchronised in experimental goats using a vaginal sponge impregnated with 20 mg of progestogen FGA (fluorogestone acetate) for 11 days. At the time of sponge insertion, 150 µg of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) analogue was injected intramuscularly. Forty-eight hours prior to vaginal sponge withdrawal, 500 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) was injected into the animals. At the end of synchronisation protocol, goats were fertilised using frozen semen or mated with a well-performing buck (ratio: 1 male to 5 females). The pregnancy (pregnant/synchronised goats) and mortality rates (P<0.05) were higher (93 % vs. 70 %; 2 % vs. 4 %) in the naturally mated goats than the artificially inseminated group. Kids' live weight at birth was similar (3.83±0.23 and 3.15±0.11 kg) in both groups. The oestrus synchronisation followed by natural mating achieved better reproductive performance than the goats artificially inseminated using frozen semen. However, the artificially inseminated animals displayed an acceptable twinning rate.

The effect of method of breeding on reproductive performance in indigenous goats (Capra prisca) mated at the beginning of the breeding season

1989 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Zygoyiannis ◽  
N. Katsaounis ◽  
G. Karatzas
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Natural Service ◽  
Fresh Semen

ABSTRACTNinety-nine indigenous Greek goats (Capra prisca) on natural pasture were used to study reproductive performance as affected by method of breeding. At the beginning of the breeding season oestrus was induced with 45 mg fluorogestone acetate-impregnated vaginal sponges and 300 to 500 i.u. PMSG, given on day 15. The animals were separated into groups of 33 for mating: (i) by natural service (natural mating); (2) by artificial insemination with fresh semen (AI fresh); and (3) by insemination with frozen semen (AI frozen). Alpine bucks and Alpine semen were used for natural mating and AI of does.No effect of method of breeding was found on gestation length and sex ratio. Reproductive performance was significantly affected by method of breeding; at 21 days after insemination, fertility of does bred with fresh semen (69·7%) was comparable with that obtained with natural mating (72·7%) but the fertility of does bred with frozen semen (48·5%) was much lower. This difference was statistically significant at kidding (P < 0·05). Litter size was 2·14 and 1·86 (P < 0·05) for the AI fresh and AI frozen groups, respectively, and was 1·96 for the natural mating group. More multiple litters were obtained with the AI fresh group (P < 0·05). It is concluded that, induction and synchronization of oestrus and ovulation at the beginning of the breeding season gave reproductive performance with fresh semen comparable to that obtained with natural service, but use of frozen semen gave unsatisfactory results.

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